pathology of lying-第38部分

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　the　truth；　there　was　no　one　with　me　this　other　night。　　I　did　not　meet　a　soul　I　knew。　　I　went　out　to　the　South　Park。　　I　had　never　been　there　before。　　Where　I　have　been　living　they　would　not　let　me　go　out　anywhere。　　I　had　to　stay　there　Sundays　and　all　the　time。　　When　I　got　out　I　was　worse　than　a　wild　calf。　　Maybe　if　I　went　out　oftener　I　would　not　be　so　bad。　　I　am　here　now　because　I　went　to　the　police　station　and　told　them　I　would　not　go　home。　　It　was　late　and　I　was　afraid　to　go　home。　　I　had　stayed　out　on　the　street　all　night。　　One　night　I　went　home　and　it　was　all　dark　and　I　was　afraid　to　ring　and　I　stayed　on　the　street　all　night。　　I　was　on　the　street　all　the　next　day　too。　　I　went　to　the　cemetery。　　Late　that　afternoon　I　met　a　young　man　and　stayed　talking　to　him　and　a　detective　came　along　and　told　us　we　shouldn't　stand　there。　　I　never　did　anything　bad　with　any　man。　　I　never　said　so。　　A　visiting　nurse　told　me　the　dangers　of　life。　　My　mother　told　me　I　should　be　careful。　　Oh；　I　worked　for　that　lawyer　before　my　mother　died。　　I　worked　for　him　about　two　weeks　and　he　did　not　pay　me　what　he　owed　me。　　No；　he　never　did　me　any　harm。　　A　man　came　along　with　a　lady　from　that　office　and　he　asked　me　some　questions　and　I　was　so　scared　because　I　thought　they　were　going　to　lock　me　up。　　I　guess　that　was　the　question　maybe　and　I　said；　yes；　but　I　did　not　know　just　what　it　was。''

It　was　after　this　that　the　girl　gave　much　trouble　because　of　queer　little　trickery　concerning　some　insurance　papers；　and　about　losing　some　money。　　Her　friends　wasted　much　time　in　the　endeavor　to　get　these　matters　adjusted。　　The　family　she　was　with　thought　she　was　very　childish　for　her　age。

Our　opinion　as　dictated　at　this　time　was　that　the　girl　was　physically　and　mentally　all　right；　but　that　she　showed　a　decidedly　childish　reaction　towards　the　world　and　was　very　suggestible　and　unreliable。　　We　knew　many　more　facts　about　her　which　proved　these　points。　　Our　judgment　set　down　was　that　she　was　an　unstable　adolescent　with　possibility　of　showing　very　different　characteristics　inside　of　a　year　or　two。　　We　noted　she　had　a　weak　type　of　face。

She　was　seen　four　months　later；　after　a　period　of　having　run　away　twice　for　several　days　at　a　time。　　On　inquiry　she　maintains　she　was　impelled　to　do　it　by　her　own　feelings　of　restlessness　and　general　dissatisfaction。　　She　thought　the　people　with　whom　she　lived　were　very　nice　and　only　strict　as　they　should　be。　　There　was　some　question　raised　about　this　time　about　the　periodicity　of　her　impulsions；　but　except　for　her　own　statement　that　it　was　just　before　her　menstrual　time；　nothing　definite　was　proved。　　On　the　last　occasion　she　did　pick　up　with　a　young　man　and　was　immoral　with　him。　　She　stayed　out　in　a　hallway　all　night。　　A　venereal　disease　was　then　acquired。　　This　was　speedily　treated　in　a　hospital　and　the　girl　was　found　another　place。　　Three　years　have　elapsed；　and　during　the　time　this　girl　has　continued　under　the　observation　of　one　of　her　old　friends。　　She　has　remained　steady　and　trustworthy；　and　shows　no　tendency　whatever　towards　untruthfulness　or　evasiveness。　　She　has　lived　in　one　good　home　for　two　years　and　the　people　are　deeply　attached　to　her。

　Adolescent　impulses：　　Lack　of　self…control。　　　　　Case　19。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Sex　temptations。　　resisted。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Girl；　age　18。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Lack　of　parental　care。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Deficient　interests：　　Both　mental　and　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　recreational。　　　　　　　Delinquencies：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Mentality：　　　　　　　False　accusations。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Good　ability。　　　　　　Stealing。　　　　　　　General　lying。　　　　　　　Staying　away　from　home。　…



CASE　20

Summary：　　A　girl　of　almost　16　years；　of　attractive　and　innocent　appearance；　alleged　that　she　had　been　leading　an　immoral　life　and　frequenting　houses　of　assignation。　　She　told　the　story　to　the　people　of　her　church；　who　were　naturally　horrified　and　demanded　a　thorough　investigation　of　the　social　vice　problems　involved。　　This　was　undertaken　by　the　police　authorities；　but　they　failed　to　get　any　satisfactory　evidence　from　the　girl。　　It　was　later　found　that　the　story　was　all　a　myth　and　the　girl　had　not　been　in　the　least　immoral。　　Her　first　statements　followed　directly　after　her　attendance　at　an　emotional　revival　meeting　where　these　topics　had　been　preached　about。　　Afterward　this　girl　was　in　court　many　times　for　various　reasons。　　She　is　a　mild　psychoneurotic　type；　exhibiting　under　stress　unusual　mental　phenomena。　　She　and　her　family　have　created　an　astonishing　amount　of　trouble　in　law　courts　as　both　defendants　and　complainants；　because　their　peculiar　unreliabilities　have　not　been　understood。


This　case　has　long　been　under　observation　and　we　have　much　information　concerning　it。　　It　was　found　difficult　to　understand　by　pastors　and　others　who　had　given　considerable　attention　to　various　aspects　of　it。　　Annie　F。　was　first　seen　by　us　when　under　custody　because　of　her　own　statement　that　she　had　been　leading　an　immoral　life。　　We　have　seen　her　and　members　of　her　family　many　times　since。　　The　account　of　the　case　can　best　be　given；　not　by　commencing　with　the　cross…section　study　as　obtained　at　first；　but　by　going　at　once　into　its　whole　connections　and　evolution。　　At　first　it　was　merely　learned　that　we　had　to　do　with　an　unstable；　adolescent　girl　who　had　engaged　for　apparently　no　purpose　whatever　in　false　self…accusations　which　would　naturally　blight　her　career。

On　the　physical　side　we　found　a　rather　slight　girl；　however；　of　normal　development。　　Weight　102　lbs。；　height　5　ft。　3　in。　　No　organic　defect　was　ever　discovered。　　Neurological　examination　showed　as　follows：　　No　tremors。　　Tendon　reflexes　normal。　　Conjunctival　and　palatal　reflexes　absent。　　The　sense　of　pain　to　pin　pricks　was　almost　nil　on　the　arms；　and　diminished　on　the　face。　　Strength　poor　in　the　arms　even　when　there　was　evidently　great　effort　made。　　（Several　of　these　functional　findings；　however；　have　varied　from　time　to　time　in　the　ensuing　years。）　　Hearing　normal。　　Ocular　examination　showed　hypermetropia　1。5　D。　R。　and　L。　with　marked　astigmatism。　　Fields　and　color　vision　normal。　　Left　pupil　about　twice　the　size　of　the　right。　　（A　competent　oculist　could　find　no　evidence　of　organic　affection　of　the　nervous　system　correlated　with　this。）　　Shape　of　head　normal。　　Bowels　regular。　　Appetite　capricious。　　When　first　seen　was　anemic；　but　later　color　was　very　good。　　Temperature　was　taken　regularly；　but　no　significant　observations　made。　　Petite；　pretty　features；　and　unusually　beautiful　eyes。　　Complaint　of　frontal　dull　headaches；　soreness　of　scalp；　cold　hands　and　pain　‘‘about　the　heart。''　　Menstruated　at　15　years；　then　much　irregularity　for　two　years。　　Several　badly　carious　teeth　and　great　crowding　in　a　narrow　upper　dental　arch。

This　girl　was　several　times　observed　during　a　period　of　about　5　years。　　She　developed　into　an　unusually　attractive　young　woman；　showing　at　times　various　mild　nervous　disturbances　as　well　as　character　difficulties。　　Only　occasionally　has　she　worn　the　glasses　which　corrected　her　errors　of　refraction。　　During　this　time　she　has　not　been　severely　ill。　　She　has　a　palpable　thyroid　which　has　hardly　increased　in　size。　　When　last　seen　she　was　notable　for　a　very　clear　skin；　good　color；　and　bright　eyes。　　Conjunctival　and　corneal　reflexes　much　diminished。　　Palatopharyngeal　reflexes　quite　absent。　　The　headaches　are　said　to　have　persisted　during　all　the　time　we　have　known　her。

We　have　repeatedly　attempted　to　summarize　the　mental　status　and　functionings　of　this　young　woman；　but　our　findings　on　tests　and　otherwise　have　been　irregular　and　diverse。　　She　reached　6th　grade　at　14　years；　but　had　been　absent　much　on　account　of　sickness。　　When　first　seen　we　found　that　she　was　already　fond　of　Lytton；　Scott；　and　Dickens；　and　that　she　was　a　great　reader　of　the　daily　newspapers；　dwelling　much　on　accidents　and　tragedies。　　What　we　say　about　her　ability　must　be　based　upon　the　best　that　she　has　demonstrated。　　Often　when　seen　she　has　been　in　some　mental　state　which　has　prevented　her　from　doing；　or　being　willing　to　do；　the　best　that　is　in　her。　　She　writes　a　good　hand；　does　long　division　promptly；　and　reads　well。　　Her　association　and　memory　processes　have　been　proved　normal；　but　given　a　task　to　do　she　is　prone　to　show　inhibitory　pauses　and　other　phenomena　which　interfere　much　with　a　satisfactory　result。　　She　has　some　little　reputation　of　being　able　to　give　long；　almost　verbatim　accounts　of　sermons　which　she　has　heard；　but　the　accuracy　of　her　report　we　have　not　been　able　to　verify。　　She　gave　the　antonyms　of　twenty　words　in　average　time　of　1。4''；　which　is　a　good　record。　　There　was　one　failure；　but　that　was　quite　typical。　　At　the　end　of　20''；　which　is　beyond　the　time　of　failure；　she　gave　‘‘unhappy''　as　the　opposite　of　‘‘happy；''　adding　that　she　had　thought　of　that　before；　only　she　did　not　speak　it　out。　　Her　tests　for　psychomotor　control　were　miserably　done。　　She　was　rapid　in　movement；　but　absolutely　inaccurate　and　did　not　follow　instructions。　　However；　we　felt　that　even　this　did　not　indicate　her　full　ability；　for　she　had　capably　held　a　position　in　a　millinery　establishment　where　she　was　required　to　show　manipulative　dexterity。　　Perhaps　the　best　statement　of　her　performances　is　that　she　demonstrated　great　irregularities　from　time　to　time；　and　even　at　the　same　examination　in　her　work　on　different　tests。

On　account　of　her　peculiar　testimony　against　herself；　her　memory　processes　and　especially　her　performance　on　the　‘‘Aussage''　test　the　case　seemed　of　great　interest。　　We　found；　as　we　stated　above；　in　various　ways　that　her　abilities　to　remember；　when　at　her　best；　were　normal；　but　using　the　‘‘Aussage''　picture　we　obtained　only　6　details　in　free　recital；　she　was　sure　that　was　all　she　saw　in　the　picture。　　Then　on　cross…questioning　she　mentioned　9　more　items　correctly；　and　gave　8　others　much　altered　from　the　truth。　　No　other　item　was　added；　but　her　report　on　these　was　almost　illusional　in　its　incorrectness。　　Of　5　suggestions　offered　she　accepted　2　of　the　least　important；　refusing　the　others　entirely。　　This　was　a　remarkably　poor　result　for　a　girl　of　her　age；　but　may　not　be　indicative　of　her　best　abilities　even　on　this　type　of　work。　　Our　final　opinion　was　that　she　was　not　clearly　subnormal　in　native　ab