°Ëϲµç×ÓÊé > ¾­¹ÜÆäËûµç×ÓÊé > madam how and lady why(ºÀ·òÈ˺ͻ³Å®Ê¿) >

µÚ9²¿·Ö

madam how and lady why(ºÀ·òÈ˺ͻ³Å®Ê¿)-µÚ9²¿·Ö

С˵£º madam how and lady why(ºÀ·òÈ˺ͻ³Å®Ê¿) ×ÖÊý£º ÿҳ4000×Ö

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡




you¡¡and¡¡I£»¡¡and¡¡all¡¡mankind£»¡¡depend¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡I¡¡have¡¡not¡¡yet¡¡told¡¡you¡¡why¡¡the¡¡Peruvians¡¡ought¡¡to¡¡have¡¡expected¡¡

an¡¡earthquake¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡True¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡will¡¡tell¡¡you¡¡another¡¡time¡£¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡30¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡31¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡MADAM¡¡HOW¡¡AND¡¡LADY¡¡WHY¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡CHAPTER¡¡III¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡VOLCANOS¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡You¡¡want¡¡to¡¡know¡¡why¡¡the¡¡Spaniards¡¡in¡¡Peru¡¡and¡¡Ecuador¡¡should¡¡have¡¡

expected¡¡an¡¡earthquake¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Because¡¡they¡¡had¡¡had¡¡so¡¡many¡¡already¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡shaking¡¡of¡¡the¡¡ground¡¡in¡¡

their¡¡country¡¡had¡¡gone¡¡on¡¡perpetually£»¡¡till¡¡they¡¡had¡¡almost¡¡ceased¡¡to¡¡care¡¡

about¡¡it£»¡¡always¡¡hoping¡¡that¡¡no¡¡very¡¡heavy¡¡shock¡¡would¡¡come£»¡¡and¡¡being£»¡¡

now¡¡and¡¡then£»¡¡terribly¡¡mistaken¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡For¡¡instance£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡province¡¡of¡¡Quito£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡year¡¡1797£»¡¡from¡¡thirty¡¡to¡¡

forty¡¡thousand¡¡people¡¡were¡¡killed¡¡at¡¡once¡¡by¡¡an¡¡earthquake¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡One¡¡would¡¡

have¡¡thought¡¡that¡¡warning¡¡enough£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡the¡¡warning¡¡was¡¡not¡¡taken£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

now£»¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡¡¡year£»¡¡¡¡¡¡thousands¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡killed¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡¡¡same¡¡

country£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡very¡¡same¡¡way¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡might¡¡have¡¡expected¡¡as¡¡much¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡For¡¡their¡¡towns¡¡are¡¡built£»¡¡most¡¡

of¡¡them£»¡¡¡¡close¡¡to¡¡volcanossome¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡highest¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡most¡¡terrible¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡the¡¡

world¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡wherever¡¡there¡¡are¡¡volcanos¡¡there¡¡will¡¡be¡¡earthquakes¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡You¡¡

may¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡earthquakes¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡volcanos£»¡¡¡¡¡¡now¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡then£»¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡volcanos¡¡

without¡¡earthquakes£»¡¡seldom¡¡or¡¡never¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡How¡¡¡¡¡¡does¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡come¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡pass£¿¡¡¡¡Does¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡volcano¡¡¡¡¡¡make¡¡¡¡¡¡earthquakes£¿¡¡

No£»¡¡we¡¡may¡¡rather¡¡say¡¡that¡¡earthquakes¡¡are¡¡trying¡¡to¡¡make¡¡volcanos¡£¡¡For¡¡

volcanos¡¡are¡¡the¡¡holes¡¡which¡¡the¡¡steam¡¡underground¡¡has¡¡burst¡¡open¡¡that¡¡it¡¡

may¡¡escape¡¡into¡¡the¡¡air¡¡above¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡are¡¡the¡¡chimneys¡¡of¡¡the¡¡great¡¡blast¡­¡¡

furnaces¡¡underground£»¡¡in¡¡which¡¡Madam¡¡How¡¡pounds¡¡and¡¡melts¡¡up¡¡the¡¡old¡¡

rocks£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡make¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡new¡¡¡¡¡¡ones£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡spread¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡¡¡¡¡over¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡land¡¡

above¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡many¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡volcanos¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡world£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡You¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡heard¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

Vesuvius£»¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡course£»¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Italy£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Etna£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Sicily£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Hecla£»¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Iceland¡£¡¡

And¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡heard£»¡¡¡¡¡¡too£»¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Kilauea£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Sandwich¡¡¡¡¡¡Islands£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

Pele's¡¡¡¡¡¡Hairthe¡¡¡¡¡¡yellow¡¡¡¡¡¡threads¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡lava£»¡¡¡¡¡¡like¡¡¡¡¡¡fine¡¡¡¡¡¡spun¡¡¡¡¡¡glass£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡

blown¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡off¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡pools¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡fire£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡Sandwich¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Islanders¡¡

believed¡¡to¡¡be¡¡the¡¡hair¡¡of¡¡a¡¡goddess¡¡who¡¡lived¡¡in¡¡the¡¡crater£»and¡¡you¡¡have¡¡

read£»¡¡too£»¡¡I¡¡hope£»¡¡in¡¡Miss¡¡Yonge's¡¡Book¡¡of¡¡Golden¡¡Deeds£»¡¡the¡¡noble¡¡story¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡31¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡32¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡MADAM¡¡HOW¡¡AND¡¡LADY¡¡WHY¡¡



of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Christian¡¡¡¡¡¡chieftainess¡¡¡¡¡¡who£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡order¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡persuade¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡subjects¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡

become¡¡Christians¡¡also£»¡¡went¡¡down¡¡into¡¡the¡¡crater¡¡and¡¡defied¡¡the¡¡goddess¡¡

of¡¡the¡¡volcano£»¡¡and¡¡came¡¡back¡¡unhurt¡¡and¡¡triumphant¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡look¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡map£»¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡see¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡many£»¡¡¡¡¡¡many¡¡

more¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Get¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Keith¡¡¡¡¡¡Johnston's¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Physical¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Atlas¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡schoolroomof¡¡

course¡¡it¡¡is¡¡there¡¡£¨for¡¡a¡¡schoolroom¡¡without¡¡a¡¡physical¡¡atlas¡¡is¡¡like¡¡a¡¡needle¡¡

without¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡eye£©and¡¡¡¡¡¡look¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡map¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡called¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Phenomena¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

Volcanic¡¡Action¡£¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡You¡¡will¡¡see¡¡in¡¡it¡¡many¡¡red¡¡dots£»¡¡which¡¡mark¡¡the¡¡volcanos¡¡which¡¡are¡¡

still¡¡burning£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡black¡¡dots£»¡¡which¡¡mark¡¡those¡¡which¡¡have¡¡been¡¡burning¡¡

at¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡other£»¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡¡¡long¡¡¡¡¡¡ago£»¡¡¡¡¡¡scattered¡¡¡¡¡¡about¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡world¡£¡¡

Sometimes¡¡they¡¡are¡¡single£»¡¡like¡¡the¡¡red¡¡dot¡¡at¡¡Otaheite£»¡¡or¡¡at¡¡Easter¡¡Island¡¡

in¡¡the¡¡Pacific¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Sometimes¡¡the¡¡are¡¡in¡¡groups£»¡¡or¡¡clusters£»¡¡like¡¡the¡¡cluster¡¡at¡¡

the¡¡Sandwich¡¡Islands£»¡¡or¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Friendly¡¡Islands£»¡¡or¡¡in¡¡New¡¡Zealand¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡

if¡¡we¡¡look¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Atlantic£»¡¡we¡¡shall¡¡see¡¡four¡¡clusters£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡in¡¡poor¡¡half¡­¡¡

destroyed¡¡Iceland£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡far¡¡north£»¡¡one¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Azores£»¡¡one¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Canaries£»¡¡

and¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Cape¡¡¡¡¡¡de¡¡Verds¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡dot¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡those¡¡¡¡¡¡Canaries¡¡

which¡¡we¡¡¡¡must¡¡not¡¡overlook£»¡¡for¡¡¡¡it¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡other¡¡than¡¡the¡¡¡¡famous¡¡Peak¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

Teneriffe£»¡¡a¡¡volcano¡¡which¡¡is¡¡hardly¡¡burnt¡¡out¡¡yet£»¡¡and¡¡may¡¡burn¡¡up¡¡again¡¡

any¡¡day£»¡¡standing¡¡up¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡sea¡¡more¡¡than¡¡12£»000¡¡feet¡¡high¡¡still£»¡¡and¡¡

once¡¡it¡¡must¡¡have¡¡been¡¡double¡¡that¡¡height¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Some¡¡think¡¡that¡¡it¡¡is¡¡perhaps¡¡

the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡true¡¡¡¡Mount¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Atlas£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡old¡¡¡¡Greeks¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡named¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡when¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡¡¡¡they¡¡

ventured¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Straits¡¡of¡¡Gibraltar¡¡down¡¡the¡¡coast¡¡of¡¡Africa£»¡¡and¡¡saw¡¡

the¡¡great¡¡peak¡¡far¡¡to¡¡the¡¡westward£»¡¡with¡¡the¡¡clouds¡¡cutting¡¡off¡¡its¡¡top£»¡¡and¡¡

said¡¡that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡a¡¡mighty¡¡giant£»¡¡the¡¡brother¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Evening¡¡Star£»¡¡who¡¡held¡¡

up¡¡the¡¡sky¡¡upon¡¡his¡¡shoulders£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡midst¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Fortunate¡¡Islands£»¡¡the¡¡

gardens¡¡of¡¡the¡¡daughter¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Evening¡¡Star£»¡¡full¡¡of¡¡strange¡¡golden¡¡fruits£»¡¡

and¡¡that¡¡Perseus¡¡had¡¡turned¡¡him¡¡into¡¡stone£»¡¡when¡¡he¡¡passed¡¡him¡¡with¡¡the¡¡

Gorgon's¡¡Head¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡see£»¡¡¡¡¡¡too£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡red¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡black¡¡¡¡¡¡dots¡¡¡¡¡¡run¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡

crooked¡¡lines£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡many¡¡of¡¡the¡¡clusters¡¡run¡¡in¡¡lines¡¡likewise¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Look¡¡at¡¡one¡¡line£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡far¡¡the¡¡largest¡¡on¡¡the¡¡earth¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡You¡¡will¡¡learn¡¡a¡¡

good¡¡deal¡¡of¡¡geography¡¡from¡¡it¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡red¡¡dots¡¡begin¡¡at¡¡a¡¡place¡¡called¡¡the¡¡Terribles£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡east¡¡side¡¡of¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡32¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡33¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡MADAM¡¡HOW¡¡AND¡¡LADY¡¡WHY¡¡



the¡¡¡¡¡¡Bay¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Bengal¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡¡¡¡¡run¡¡¡¡¡¡on£»¡¡¡¡¡¡here¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡there£»¡¡¡¡¡¡along¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡islands¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

Sumatra¡¡and¡¡Java£»¡¡and¡¡through¡¡the¡¡Spice¡¡Islands£»¡¡and¡¡at¡¡New¡¡Guinea¡¡the¡¡

line¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡red¡¡¡¡¡¡dots¡¡¡¡¡¡forks¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡One¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡branch¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡runs¡¡¡¡¡¡south¡­¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡east£»¡¡¡¡through¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡islands¡¡

whose¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡names¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡never¡¡¡¡¡¡heard£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Friendly¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Islands£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡New¡¡

Zealand¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡other¡¡runs¡¡¡¡¡¡north£»¡¡through¡¡the¡¡Philippines£»¡¡¡¡through¡¡¡¡¡¡Japan£»¡¡

through¡¡Kamschatka£»¡¡and¡¡then¡¡there¡¡is¡¡a¡¡little¡¡break¡¡of¡¡sea£»¡¡between¡¡Asia¡¡

and¡¡¡¡¡¡America£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡beyond¡¡¡¡¡¡it£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡red¡¡¡¡¡¡dots¡¡¡¡¡¡begin¡¡¡¡¡¡again¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Aleutian¡¡

Islands£»¡¡and¡¡then¡¡turn¡¡down¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡west¡¡coast¡¡of¡¡America£»¡¡down¡¡from¡¡

Mount¡¡¡¡¡¡Elias¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨in¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡¡¡¡¡was£»¡¡¡¡¡¡till¡¡¡¡¡¡lately£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Russian¡¡America£©¡¡¡¡¡¡towards¡¡¡¡¡¡British¡¡

Columbia¡£¡¡Then£»¡¡after¡¡a¡¡long¡¡gap£»¡¡there¡¡are¡¡one¡¡or¡¡two¡¡in¡¡Lower¡¡California¡¡

£¨and¡¡we¡¡must¡¡not¡¡forget¡¡the¡¡terrible¡¡earthquake¡¡which¡¡has¡¡just¡¡shaken¡¡San¡¡

Francisco£»¡¡¡¡¡¡between¡¡¡¡¡¡those¡¡¡¡¡¡two¡¡¡¡¡¡last¡¡¡¡¡¡places£©£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡when¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡come¡¡¡¡¡¡down¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡

Mexico¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡find¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡red¡¡¡¡¡¡dots¡¡¡¡¡¡again¡¡¡¡¡¡plentiful£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡too¡¡¡¡¡¡plentiful£»¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡

they¡¡¡¡¡¡mark¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡volcanic¡¡¡¡¡¡line¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Mexico£»¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡read£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡

hope£»¡¡some¡¡day£»¡¡in¡¡Humboldt's¡¡works¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡the¡¡line¡¡does¡¡not¡¡stop¡¡there¡£¡¡

After¡¡the¡¡little¡¡gap¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Isthmus¡¡of¡¡Panama£»¡¡it¡¡begins¡¡again¡¡in¡¡Quito£»¡¡the¡¡

very¡¡¡¡¡¡country¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡just¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡shaken£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡stand¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡huge¡¡

volcanos¡¡Chimborazo£»¡¡Pasto£»¡¡Antisana£»¡¡Cotopaxi£»¡¡Pichincha£»¡¡Tunguragua£»¡­¡¡

¡­smooth¡¡cones¡¡from¡¡15£»000¡¡to¡¡20£»000¡¡feet¡¡high£»¡¡shining¡¡white¡¡with¡¡snow£»¡¡

till¡¡the¡¡heat¡¡inside¡¡melts¡¡it¡¡off£»¡¡and¡¡leaves¡¡the¡¡cinders¡¡of¡¡which¡¡the¡¡peaks¡¡

are¡¡made¡¡all¡¡black¡¡and¡¡ugly¡¡among¡¡the¡¡clouds£»¡¡ready¡¡to¡¡burst¡¡in¡¡smoke¡¡and¡¡

fire¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡South¡¡of¡¡them¡¡again£»¡¡there¡¡is¡¡a¡¡long¡¡gap£»¡¡and¡¡then¡¡another¡¡line¡¡of¡¡

red¡¡dotsArequiba£»¡¡Chipicani£»¡¡Gualatieri£»¡¡Atacama£»as¡¡high¡¡as£»¡¡or¡¡higher¡¡

than¡¡¡¡¡¡those¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Quito£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡this£»¡¡¡¡¡¡remember£»¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡country¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡

just¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡shaken¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡On¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡sea¡­shore¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡below¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡those¡¡¡¡¡¡volcanos¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡stood¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

hapless¡¡¡¡¡¡city¡¡¡¡of¡¡Arica£»¡¡¡¡¡¡whose¡¡¡¡¡¡ruins¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡saw¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡picture¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Then¡¡¡¡¡¡comes¡¡

another¡¡gap£»¡¡and¡¡then¡¡a¡¡line¡¡of¡¡more¡¡volcanos¡¡in¡¡Chili£»¡¡at¡¡the¡¡foot¡¡of¡¡which¡¡

happened¡¡that¡¡fearful¡¡earthquake¡¡of¡¡1835¡¡£¨besides¡¡many¡¡more£©¡¡of¡¡which¡¡

you¡¡will¡¡read¡¡some¡¡day¡¡in¡¡that¡¡noble¡¡book¡¡The¡¡Voyage¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Beagle£»¡¡and¡¡

so¡¡the¡¡line¡¡of¡¡dots¡¡runs¡¡down¡¡to¡¡the¡¡southernmost¡¡point¡¡of¡¡America¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡What¡¡a¡¡line¡¡we¡¡have¡¡traced£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Long¡¡enough¡¡to¡¡go¡¡round¡¡the¡¡world¡¡if¡¡it¡¡

were¡¡straight¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡line¡¡of¡¡holes¡¡out¡¡of¡¡which¡¡steam£»¡¡and¡¡heat£»¡¡and¡¡cinders£»¡¡

and¡¡¡¡¡¡melted¡¡¡¡¡¡stones¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡rushing¡¡up£»¡¡¡¡¡¡perpetually£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡place¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡another¡£¡¡

Now¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡holes¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡line¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡near¡¡¡¡¡¡each¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡certainly¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡33¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡34¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡MADAM¡¡HOW¡¡AND¡¡LADY¡¡WHY¡¡



something¡¡to¡¡do¡¡with¡¡each¡¡other¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡For¡¡instance£»¡¡when¡¡the¡¡earth¡¡shook¡¡the¡¡

other¡¡day¡¡round¡¡the¡¡volcanos¡¡of¡¡Quito£»¡¡it¡¡shook¡¡also¡¡round¡¡the¡¡volcanos¡¡of¡¡

Peru£»¡¡though¡¡they¡¡were¡¡600¡¡miles¡¡away¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡there¡¡are¡¡many¡¡stories¡¡of¡¡

earthquakes¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡being¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡felt£»¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡awful¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡underground¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡thunder¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡heard£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡while¡¡

volcanos¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡breaking¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡¡¡¡¡hundreds¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡miles¡¡¡¡¡¡away¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡give¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡

very¡¡curious¡¡instance¡¡of¡¡that¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡If¡¡you¡¡look¡¡at¡¡the¡¡West¡¡Indies¡¡on¡¡the¡¡map£»¡¡you¡¡will¡¡see¡¡a¡¡line¡¡of¡¡red¡¡

dots¡¡runs¡¡through¡¡the¡¡Windward¡¡Islands£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡are¡¡two¡¡volcanos¡¡in¡¡them£»¡¡

one¡¡in¡¡Guadaloupe£»¡¡and¡¡one¡¡in¡¡St¡£¡¡Vincent¡¡£¨I¡¡will¡¡tell¡¡you¡¡a¡¡curious¡¡story£»¡¡

presently£»¡¡about¡¡that¡¡last£©£»¡¡and¡¡little¡¡volcanos¡¡£¨if¡¡they¡¡have¡¡ever¡¡been¡¡real¡¡

volcanos¡¡at¡¡all£©£»¡¡which¡¡now¡¡only¡¡send¡¡out¡¡mud£»¡¡in¡¡Trinidad¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡the¡¡

red¡¡dots¡¡stop£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡then¡¡begins¡¡along¡¡the¡¡north¡¡coast¡¡of¡¡South¡¡America¡¡a¡¡

line¡¡of¡¡mountain¡¡country¡¡called¡¡¡¡¡¡Cumana£»¡¡and¡¡Caraccas£»¡¡which¡¡has¡¡¡¡often¡¡

been¡¡horribly¡¡shaken¡¡by¡¡earthquakes¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Now¡¡once£»¡¡when¡¡the¡¡volcano¡¡in¡¡St¡£¡¡

Vincent¡¡¡¡¡¡began¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡pour¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡vast¡¡¡¡¡¡stream¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡melted¡¡¡¡¡¡lava£»¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡noise¡¡¡¡¡¡like¡¡

thunder¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡heard¡¡¡¡¡¡underground£»¡¡¡¡over¡¡¡¡¡¡thousands¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡square¡¡¡¡¡¡miles¡¡¡¡¡¡beyond¡¡

those¡¡mountains£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡plains¡¡of¡¡Calabozo£»¡¡and¡¡on¡¡the¡¡banks¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Apure£»¡¡

more¡¡than¡¡600¡¡miles¡¡away¡¡from¡¡the¡¡volcano£»a¡¡plain¡¡sign¡¡that¡¡there¡¡was¡¡

something¡¡undergro

·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©

Äã¿ÉÄÜϲ»¶µÄ