hesiod, the homeric hymns, and homerica-第13部分
按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页，按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页，按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部！
————未阅读完？加入书签已便下次继续阅读！
m about while he pointed out the roads。 Then he came to the east and appears to have met Helius （the Sun） and to have been healed； and so returned back again to Oenopion to punish him； but Oenopion was hidden away by his people underground。 Being disappointed； then； in his search for the king； Orion went away to Crete and spent his time hunting in company with Artemis and Leto。 It seems that he threatened to kill every beast there was on earth； whereupon； in her anger； Earth sent up against him a scorpion of very great size by which he was stung and so perished。 After this Zeus； at one prayer of Artemis and Leto； put him among the stars； because of his manliness； and the scorpion also as a memorial of him and of what had occurred。
Fragment #5 Diodorus iv。 85： Some say that great earthquakes occurred； which broke through the neck of land and formed the straits （3）； the sea parting the mainland from the island。 But Hesiod； the poet； says just the opposite： that the sea was open； but Orion piled up the promontory by Peloris； and founded the close of Poseidon which is especially esteemed by the people thereabouts。 When he had finished this； he went away to Euboea and settled there； and because of his renown was taken into the number of the stars in heaven； and won undying remembrance。
ENDNOTES：
（1） This halt verse is added by the Scholiast on Aratus； 172。 （2） The 〃Catasterismi〃 （〃Placings among the Stars〃） is a collection of legends relating to the various constellations。 （3） The Straits of Messina。
THE PRECEPTS OF CHIRON （fragments）
Fragment #1 Scholiast on Pindar； Pyth。 vi。 19： ‘And now； pray； mark all these things well in a wise heart。 First； whenever you come to your house； offer good sacrifices to the eternal gods。'
Fragment #2 Plutarch Mor。 1034 E： ‘Decide no suit until you have heard both sides speak。'
Fragment #3 Plutarch de Orac。 defectu ii。 415 C： ‘A chattering crow lives out nine generations of aged men； but a stag's life is four times a crow's； and a raven's life makes three stags old； while the phoenix outlives nine ravens； but we； the rich…haired Nymphs； daughters of Zeus the aegis…holder； outlive ten phoenixes。'
Fragment #4 Quintilian； i。 15： Some consider that children under the age of seven should not receive a literary education。。。 That Hesiod was of this opinion very many writers affirm who were earlier than the critic Aristophanes； for he was the first to reject the 〃Precepts〃； in which book this maxim occurs； as a work of that poet。
THE GREAT WORKS （fragments）
Fragment #1 Comm。 on Aristotle； Nicomachean Ethics。 v。 8： The verse； however （the slaying of Rhadamanthys）； is in Hesiod in the 〃Great Works〃 and is as follows： ‘If a man sow evil； he shall reap evil increase； if men do to him as he has done； it will be true justice。'
Fragment #2 Proclus on Hesiod； Works and Days； 126： Some believe that the Silver Race （is to be attributed to） the earth； declaring that in the 〃Great Works〃 Hesiod makes silver to be of the family of Earth。
THE IDAEAN DACTYLS （fragments）
Fragment #1 Pliny； Natural History vii。 56； 197： Hesiod says that those who are called the Idaean Dactyls taught the smelting and tempering of iron in Crete。
Fragment #2 Clement； Stromateis i。 16。 75： Celmis； again； and Damnameneus； the first of the Idaean Dactyls； discovered iron in Cyprus； but bronze smelting was discovered by Delas； another Idaean； though Hesiod calls him Scythes （1）。
ENDNOTES：
（1） Or perhaps ‘a Scythian'。
THE THEOGONY （1；041 lines）
（ll。 1…25） From the Heliconian Muses let us begin to sing； who hold the great and holy mount of Helicon； and dance on soft feet about the deep…blue spring and the altar of the almighty son of Cronos； and； when they have washed their tender bodies in Permessus or in the Horse's Spring or Olmeius； make their fair； lovely dances upon highest Helicon and move with vigorous feet。 Thence they arise and go abroad by night； veiled in thick mist； and utter their song with lovely voice； praising Zeus the aegis… holder and queenly Hera of Argos who walks on golden sandals and the daughter of Zeus the aegis…holder bright…eyed Athene； and Phoebus Apollo； and Artemis who delights in arrows； and Poseidon the earth…holder who shakes the earth； and reverend Themis and quick…glancing （1） Aphrodite； and Hebe with the crown of gold； and fair Dione； Leto； Iapetus； and Cronos the crafty counsellor； Eos and great Helius and bright Selene； Earth too； and great Oceanus； and dark Night； and the holy race of all the other deathless ones that are for ever。 And one day they taught Hesiod glorious song while he was shepherding his lambs under holy Helicon； and this word first the goddesses said to me the Muses of Olympus； daughters of Zeus who holds the aegis：
（ll。 26…28） ‘Shepherds of the wilderness； wretched things of shame； mere bellies； we know how to speak many false things as though they were true； but we know； when we will； to utter true things。'
（ll。 29…35） So said the ready…voiced daughters of great Zeus； and they plucked and gave me a rod； a shoot of sturdy laurel； a marvellous thing； and breathed into me a divine voice to celebrate things that shall be and things there were aforetime； and they bade me sing of the race of the blessed gods that are eternally； but ever to sing of themselves both first and last。 But why all this about oak or stone？ （2）
（ll。 36…52） Come thou； let us begin with the Muses who gladden the great spirit of their father Zeus in Olympus with their songs； telling of things that are and that shall be and that were aforetime with consenting voice。 Unwearying flows the sweet sound from their lips； and the house of their father Zeus the loud…thunderer is glad at the lily…like voice of the goddesses as it spread abroad； and the peaks of snowy Olympus resound； and the homes of the immortals。 And they uttering their immortal voice； celebrate in song first of all the reverend race of the gods from the beginning； those whom Earth and wide Heaven begot； and the gods sprung of these； givers of good things。 Then； next； the goddesses sing of Zeus； the father of gods and men； as they begin and end their strain； how much he is the most excellent among the gods and supreme in power。 And again； they chant the race of men and strong giants； and gladden the heart of Zeus within Olympus； the Olympian Muses； daughters of Zeus the aegis…holder。
（ll。 53…74） Them in Pieria did Mnemosyne （Memory）； who reigns over the hills of Eleuther； bear of union with the father； the son of Cronos； a forgetting of ills and a rest from sorrow。 For nine nights did wise Zeus lie with her； entering her holy bed remote from the immortals。 And when a year was passed and the seasons came round as the months waned； and many days were accomplished； she bare nine daughters； all of one mind； whose hearts are set upon song and their spirit free from care； a little way from the topmost peak of snowy Olympus。 There are their bright dancing…places and beautiful homes； and beside them the Graces and Himerus （Desire） live in delight。 And they； uttering through their lips a lovely voice； sing the laws of all and the goodly ways of the immortals； uttering their lovely voice。 Then went they to Olympus； delighting in their sweet voice； with heavenly song； and the dark earth resounded about them as they chanted； and a lovely sound rose up beneath their feet as they went to their father。 And he was reigning in heaven； himself holding the lightning and glowing thunderbolt； when he had overcome by might his father Cronos； and he distributed fairly to the immortals their portions and declared their privileges。
（ll。 75…103） These things； then； the Muses sang who dwell on Olympus； nine daughters begotten by great Zeus； Cleio and Euterpe； Thaleia； Melpomene and Terpsichore； and Erato and Polyhymnia and Urania and Calliope （3）； who is the chiefest of them all； for she attends on worshipful princes： whomsoever of heaven…nourished princes the daughters of great Zeus honour； and behold him at his birth； they pour sweet dew upon his tongue； and from his lips flow gracious words。 All the people look towards him while he settles causes with true judgements： and he； speaking surely； would soon make wise end even of a great quarrel； for therefore are there princes wise in heart； because when the people are being misguided in their assembly； they set right the matter again with ease； persuading them with gentle words。 And when he passes through a gathering； they greet him as a god with gentle reverence； and he is conspicuous amongst the assembled： such is the holy gift of the Muses to men。 For it is through the Muses and far…shooting Apollo that there are singers and harpers upon the earth； but princes are of Zeus； and happy is he whom the Muses love： sweet flows speech from his mouth。 For though a man have sorrow and grief in his newly…troubled soul and live in dread because his heart is distressed； yet； when a singer； the servant of the Muses； chants the glorious deeds of men of old and the blessed gods who inhabit Olympus； at once he forgets his heaviness and remembers not his sorrows at all； but the gifts of the goddesses soon turn him away from these。
（ll。 104…115） Hail； children of Zeus！ Grant lovely song and celebrate the holy race of the deathless gods who are for ever； those that were born of Earth and starry Heaven and gloomy Night and them that briny Sea did rear。 Tell how at the first gods and earth came to be； and rivers； and the boundless sea with its raging swell； and the gleaming stars； and the wide heaven above； and the gods who were born of them； givers of good things； and how they divided their wealth； and how they shared their honours amongst them； and also how at the first they took many…folded Olympus。 These things declare to me from the beginning； ye Muses who dwell in the house of Olympus； and tell me which of them first came to be。
（ll。 116…138） Verily at the first Chaos came to be； but next wide…bosomed Earth； the ever…sure foundations of all （4） the deathless ones who hold the peaks of snowy Olympus； and dim Tartarus in the depth of the wide…pathed Earth； and Eros （Love）； fairest among the deathless gods； who unner
