抢占奥运-第7部分
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值慕セ蛘叨谓プ阋源蚱谱罴训姆朗卣笕荨！ �
A vital part of volleyball offense is the spike； a powerful smash over the net。 To spike the ball a player must jump high in the air； using good timing in hitting the ball powerfully and placing it so that it is very difficult to return。 Back…row players may spike if their takeoff is from behind the 3…meter attack line。 A ball well placed； at varying heights and near the net for a teammate to spike it； is called a set。 A tip； or placement； is a lightly hit ball deflected or dropped into the court of the opponents and is used by a spiker to surprise opposing blockers when they anticipate a spike。 Single or multiple blocks are usually employed in volleyball。 In such a defense； one or more front…row players jump up on their side of the net； with hands and arms placed in front of an attacking spiker； to hit back the spiked ball or deflect it to a teammate who can then return it across the net。 In the indoor game； a block； while counting as a touch to regain possession for a team； does not count as one of the three hits a team is allowed on each possession。 A number of skills contribute to successful team play。 One of these is an accurate service； to a weak spot on the opposing side； delivered either with topspin and speed or as a deceptive floater—that is； a ball that seems to wobble and slip uncertainly in the air。 Control is also important in receiving the service； and in recovering a spike and deflecting the ball accurately to fellow team members。
排球进攻中的一个重要环节是扣球，即网上的大力击球。扣球时，运动员须高高地跳起，选择合适的时机大力击球，使对方难以将球救起。后排队员也可以扣球，条件是需在三米线后起跳。把球传到近网处的不同高度，以便队友扣球，称为二传。当对方的拦网队员以为我方可能扣球时，我方的扣球者可以把球转向轻轻地吊入对方场地，以取得奇袭的效果。单人或者多人拦网是排球中常用的技术，在这种防守方式中，一个或者多个前排队员在本方网前跳起，把手臂伸向对方击球者身前以图把球拦回或者使球改变方向，便于本方队友将球击回。在室内比赛中，当拦网使一个队重新得以控球时，不计入本队拥有的三次触球之内。在团体运动中需综合运用多种技能，其中之一就是准确的发球，使球落在对方场内防守最弱的位置。可以发快速的上旋球或者有欺骗性的飘球。飘球是指球在空中摇摆、滑动、方向不定。控制力也是很重要的，无论在接发球、接扣球或者将球准确地传给队友时都是如此。
More about Volleyball
System of volleyball排球的阵容配备：
Five…One （5…1） System 五一配备：
An offensive system that uses five spikers and one setter。
Four…Two （4…2） System 四二配备：
An offensive system using four spikers and two setters。 The setters are spikers when they are in the front row； and setters when they are in the back row。
Six…Two （6…2） System 六二配备：
An offense with four spikers and two spiker/setters。 The setters are setters when they are in the front row； and defenders when they are in the back row。
Spike （hit； smash； kill） 扣球：
l As you leave the floor to jump； pull the hitting arm back with the elbow and hand at shoulder height or higher。
l The hand should be open and relaxed； with the palm facing away from the ear。
l The elbow should swing forward and raise above the head。
l Then the arm and hand swing over the top as the hand contacts the ball。
l This is followed by the palm and fingers； which then snap through the ball。
l Contact point is slightly in front of and as high as possible above the hitting shoulder。
正面上手扣球tennis smash
超手扣球super…hand spike； surpass the block hit； spike over the block
高点扣球high spike
重扣hard spike； powerhouse smash
轻扣half…speed spike； slow spike； pat hit； dink spike
假扣球feint spike
斜线扣球oblique spike； cross spike； crosscourt spike
小斜线扣球inner spike
直线扣球straight spike； line shot
远网扣球distance attack； far…net…toss spike
近网扣球near…net…toss spike
直臂扣球straight arm spike
钩手扣球hook smash； windmill smash
甩腕（扣球动作）snap of wrist
平拉开扣球open spike
原地起跳扣球standing jump spike
助跑起跳扣球running jump spike
quick spike快球：
近体快球quick…A； quick spike from close set
短平快球quick…B； quick spike from flat short set
背快球quick…C； quick spike from backward set； 也叫back one
背平快球（背溜）quick…D； quick spike from backward short set
平拉开扣球open spike； quick spike from flat wide set
前快front slide； quick slide in front of the setter。
quick slide； alternate position spike空间差：
It’s a quick attack that includes a takeoff and a broad jump along the net。
前飞forward flight； front slide：
背飞backward flight； flight behind； back slide
单脚背飞One…footed back slide
delayed spike； spiking after delayed take off； pump时间差：
That’s a play in which an attacker fakes spiking a quick set； and then hits a medium…high set at the same location。
Set二传：
l Start in the ready position facing the target。
l Spread fingers in the shape of the ball above the head。
l Form a triangle with thumbs and pointerfingers （hands should not be touching）
l Place hands directly in front of the face close to the forehead。 This position is called neutral and is always the starting position for the set。
volley pass； overhand pass双手头顶传球
set attack平传：
When a setter attempts to score rather than set the ball to a setter。 Also called a shoot set。
back set背传：
A set delivered behind the setter。 A set made when the setter's back is towards the hitter。
release set调整传球：
High set； usually delivered to the left sideline； when the play goes awry。
Pass and dig一传和救球：
The basic skill is called the 〃pass〃 when receiving the serve； and the 〃dig〃 when handling an opponent's attack。
l Start in the 〃Ready Position〃
l Straight arms away from the body
l Extend legs and move arms from shoulders
l Contact the ball on the FOREARMS
l Finish with hands pointing to target
pass一传：
Receiving a serve or the first contact of the ball with the intent to control the ball to another player。
dig救球：
Passing a spiked or rapidly hit ball。 Slang for the art of retrieving an attacked ball close to the floor。
dive鱼跃救球：
A defensive retrieval technique in which a player extends for a ball near the floor； causing both feet to leave the floor。 The player contacts the ball with one or both arms and slides on the abdomen and thighs。
pancake单手前扑救球：
That’s a one…handed defensive technique in which the player flattens his hand against the floor in order to save the ball。
collapse半翻滚救球：
It’s a defensive posture where a defensive player sits over one heel while playing a ball and rolls on his back。 Used to play balls close to the floor and to cushion hard spikes during retrieval attempts； this skill is also known as a half roll。
extension roll翻滚救球：
That’s a defensive retrieval technique similar to a dive； except that after contacting the ball with either one or two arms； the player turns as the body contacts the floor and rolls as the momentum of the movement carries the feet over the shoulder； returning the player to his or her feet。
Serve发球：
l Stand facing the net with the foot opposite the hitting hand forward。
l The ball is held at waist level。
l The player leans forward as they swing their arm foreward and contact the ball。
l The hand holding the ball is dropped just before the contact。
l The player hits underneath the ball with the fist or heel of the hand。
l The hitting arm follows through in the direction of the target。
underarm （underhand） serve下手发球：
A serve performed with an underhand striking action。 The ball is usually contacted with the heel of the hand。
overhand serve上手发球：
Serving the ball and striking it with the hand above the shoulder。 A serve performed with an overhand throwing action。
round…house （windmill） serve 抡臂发球：
The arm moves in a windmill action； and the ball is contacted directly over the hitting shoulder。
jump serve跳发球
The server uses an approach； toss； takeoff and serves the ball with a spiking motion while in the air。
跑动发球running serve
floater飘球：
A serve with no spin that follows an erratic path。 The ball is hit with only a momentary point of contact and very little follow through。
勾手飘球hook float
上手飘球overhand float
砍式发球chopping serve
spin serve旋转球：
The server contacts the lower mid…section of the center of the ball； he uses the heel of the hand to initially contact the ball and then uses wrist snap to roll the hand over the ball； imparting topspin。
ceiling serve； lobbing serve； sky ball serve高吊球：
An underhand serve that is hit so high it looks like it is falling straight down。
Block拦网：
l Seal the net with your hands； thumbs pointing to the ceiling a balls width apart； and arms locked。
l Whenever possible extend your arms across the net （penetration）。
l Keep your shoulders square to the net。
l When you move along the net to block； plant so that you jump straight up and down。
l Land in the same place from where you jump。
l Seal and be square to the net。
single block单人拦网：
double block双人拦网：
triple…block三人拦网：
Tactics战术：
multiple…attack多点进攻：
Offense cons
