the critique of pure reason-µÚ21²¿·Ö
°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
other¡¡¡a¡¡relation¡¡not¡¡of¡¡consequence£»¡¡but¡¡of¡¡logical¡¡opposition£»¡¡in¡¡so
far¡¡as¡¡the¡¡sphere¡¡of¡¡the¡¡one¡¡proposition¡¡excludes¡¡that¡¡of¡¡the¡¡other¡£
But¡¡it¡¡contains¡¡at¡¡the¡¡same¡¡time¡¡a¡¡relation¡¡of¡¡community£»¡¡in¡¡so¡¡far¡¡as
all¡¡the¡¡propositions¡¡taken¡¡together¡¡fill¡¡up¡¡the¡¡sphere¡¡of¡¡the
cognition¡£¡¡The¡¡disjunctive¡¡judgement¡¡contains£»¡¡therefore£»¡¡the¡¡relation
of¡¡the¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡sphere¡¡of¡¡a¡¡cognition£»¡¡since¡¡the¡¡sphere¡¡of
each¡¡part¡¡is¡¡a¡¡complemental¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡sphere¡¡of¡¡the¡¡other£»¡¡each
contributing¡¡to¡¡form¡¡the¡¡sum¡¡total¡¡of¡¡the¡¡divided¡¡cognition¡£¡¡Take£»¡¡for
example£»¡¡the¡¡proposition£»¡¡¡¨The¡¡world¡¡exists¡¡either¡¡through¡¡blind
chance£»¡¡or¡¡through¡¡internal¡¡necessity£»¡¡or¡¡through¡¡an¡¡external
cause¡£¡¨¡¡Each¡¡of¡¡these¡¡propositions¡¡embraces¡¡a¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡sphere¡¡of
our¡¡possible¡¡cognition¡¡as¡¡to¡¡the¡¡existence¡¡of¡¡a¡¡world£»¡¡all¡¡of¡¡them
taken¡¡together£»¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡sphere¡£¡¡To¡¡take¡¡the¡¡cognition¡¡out¡¡of¡¡one
of¡¡these¡¡spheres£»¡¡is¡¡equivalent¡¡to¡¡placing¡¡it¡¡in¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡others£»
and£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡other¡¡hand£»¡¡to¡¡place¡¡it¡¡in¡¡one¡¡sphere¡¡is¡¡equivalent¡¡to
taking¡¡it¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡rest¡£¡¡There¡¡is£»¡¡therefore£»¡¡in¡¡a¡¡disjunctive
judgement¡¡a¡¡certain¡¡community¡¡of¡¡cognitions£»¡¡which¡¡consists¡¡in¡¡this£»
that¡¡they¡¡mutually¡¡exclude¡¡each¡¡other£»¡¡yet¡¡thereby¡¡determine£»¡¡as¡¡a
whole£»¡¡the¡¡true¡¡cognition£»¡¡inasmuch¡¡as£»¡¡taken¡¡together£»¡¡they¡¡make¡¡up
the¡¡complete¡¡content¡¡of¡¡a¡¡particular¡¡given¡¡cognition¡£¡¡And¡¡this¡¡is
all¡¡that¡¡I¡¡find¡¡necessary£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡sake¡¡of¡¡what¡¡follows£»¡¡to¡¡remark
in¡¡this¡¡place¡£
¡¡¡¡4¡£¡¡The¡¡modality¡¡of¡¡judgements¡¡is¡¡a¡¡quite¡¡peculiar¡¡function£»¡¡with
this¡¡distinguishing¡¡characteristic£»¡¡that¡¡it¡¡contributes¡¡nothing¡¡to¡¡the
content¡¡of¡¡a¡¡judgement¡¡£¨for¡¡besides¡¡quantity£»¡¡quality£»¡¡and¡¡relation£»
there¡¡is¡¡nothing¡¡more¡¡that¡¡constitutes¡¡the¡¡content¡¡of¡¡a¡¡judgement£©£»
but¡¡concerns¡¡itself¡¡only¡¡with¡¡the¡¡value¡¡of¡¡the¡¡copula¡¡in¡¡relation¡¡to
thought¡¡in¡¡general¡£¡¡Problematical¡¡judgements¡¡are¡¡those¡¡in¡¡which¡¡the
affirmation¡¡or¡¡negation¡¡is¡¡accepted¡¡as¡¡merely¡¡possible¡¡£¨ad¡¡libitum£©¡£
In¡¡the¡¡assertorical£»¡¡we¡¡regard¡¡the¡¡proposition¡¡as¡¡real¡¡£¨true£©£»¡¡in
the¡¡apodeictical£»¡¡we¡¡look¡¡on¡¡it¡¡as¡¡necessary¡£*¡¡Thus¡¡the¡¡two¡¡judgements
£¨antecedens¡¡et¡¡consequens£©£»¡¡the¡¡relation¡¡of¡¡which¡¡constitutes¡¡a
hypothetical¡¡judgement£»¡¡likewise¡¡those¡¡£¨the¡¡members¡¡of¡¡the¡¡division£©
in¡¡whose¡¡reciprocity¡¡the¡¡disjunctive¡¡consists£»¡¡are¡¡only¡¡problematical¡£
In¡¡the¡¡example¡¡above¡¡given¡¡the¡¡proposition£»¡¡¡¨There¡¡exists¡¡perfect
justice£»¡¨¡¡is¡¡not¡¡stated¡¡assertorically£»¡¡but¡¡as¡¡an¡¡ad¡¡libitum
judgement£»¡¡which¡¡someone¡¡may¡¡choose¡¡to¡¡adopt£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡consequence
alone¡¡is¡¡assertorical¡£¡¡Hence¡¡such¡¡judgements¡¡may¡¡be¡¡obviously¡¡false£»
and¡¡yet£»¡¡taken¡¡problematically£»¡¡be¡¡conditions¡¡of¡¡our¡¡cognition¡¡of
the¡¡truth¡£¡¡Thus¡¡the¡¡proposition£»¡¡¡¨The¡¡world¡¡exists¡¡only¡¡by¡¡blind
chance£»¡¨¡¡is¡¡in¡¡the¡¡disjunctive¡¡judgement¡¡of¡¡problematical¡¡import¡¡only£º
that¡¡is¡¡to¡¡say£»¡¡one¡¡may¡¡accept¡¡it¡¡for¡¡the¡¡moment£»¡¡and¡¡it¡¡helps¡¡us
£¨like¡¡the¡¡indication¡¡of¡¡the¡¡wrong¡¡road¡¡among¡¡all¡¡the¡¡roads¡¡that¡¡one
can¡¡take£©¡¡to¡¡find¡¡out¡¡the¡¡true¡¡proposition¡£¡¡The¡¡problematical
proposition¡¡is£»¡¡therefore£»¡¡that¡¡which¡¡expresses¡¡only¡¡logical
possibility¡¡£¨which¡¡is¡¡not¡¡objective£©£»¡¡that¡¡is£»¡¡it¡¡expresses¡¡a¡¡free
choice¡¡to¡¡admit¡¡the¡¡validity¡¡of¡¡such¡¡a¡¡proposition¡¡¡a¡¡merely¡¡arbitrary
reception¡¡of¡¡it¡¡into¡¡the¡¡understanding¡£¡¡The¡¡assertorical¡¡speaks¡¡of
logical¡¡reality¡¡or¡¡truth£»¡¡as£»¡¡for¡¡example£»¡¡in¡¡a¡¡hypothetical
syllogism£»¡¡the¡¡antecedens¡¡presents¡¡itself¡¡in¡¡a¡¡problematical¡¡form¡¡in
the¡¡major£»¡¡in¡¡an¡¡assertorical¡¡form¡¡in¡¡the¡¡minor£»¡¡and¡¡it¡¡shows¡¡that¡¡the
proposition¡¡is¡¡in¡¡harmony¡¡with¡¡the¡¡laws¡¡of¡¡the¡¡understanding¡£¡¡The
apodeictical¡¡proposition¡¡cogitates¡¡the¡¡assertorical¡¡as¡¡determined¡¡by
these¡¡very¡¡laws¡¡of¡¡the¡¡understanding£»¡¡consequently¡¡as¡¡affirming¡¡a
priori£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡this¡¡manner¡¡it¡¡expresses¡¡logical¡¡necessity¡£¡¡Now¡¡because
all¡¡is¡¡here¡¡gradually¡¡incorporated¡¡with¡¡the¡¡understanding¡¡¡inasmuch¡¡as
in¡¡the¡¡first¡¡place¡¡we¡¡judge¡¡problematically£»¡¡then¡¡accept
assertorically¡¡our¡¡judgement¡¡as¡¡true£»¡¡lastly£»¡¡affirm¡¡it¡¡as¡¡inseparably
united¡¡with¡¡the¡¡understanding£»¡¡that¡¡is£»¡¡as¡¡necessary¡¡and¡¡apodeictical¡
we¡¡may¡¡safely¡¡reckon¡¡these¡¡three¡¡functions¡¡of¡¡modality¡¡as¡¡so¡¡many
momenta¡¡of¡¡thought¡£
¡¡¡¡*Just¡¡as¡¡if¡¡thought¡¡were¡¡in¡¡the¡¡first¡¡instance¡¡a¡¡function¡¡of¡¡the
understanding£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡second£»¡¡of¡¡judgement£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡third£»¡¡of¡¡reason¡£¡¡A
remark¡¡which¡¡will¡¡be¡¡explained¡¡in¡¡the¡¡sequel¡£
¡¡¡¡SECTION¡¡III¡£¡¡Of¡¡the¡¡Pure¡¡Conceptions¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Understanding£»¡¡or
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Categories¡£¡¡SS¡¡6
¡¡¡¡General¡¡logic£»¡¡as¡¡has¡¡been¡¡repeatedly¡¡said£»¡¡makes¡¡abstraction¡¡of¡¡all
content¡¡of¡¡cognition£»¡¡and¡¡expects¡¡to¡¡receive¡¡representations¡¡from¡¡some
other¡¡quarter£»¡¡in¡¡order£»¡¡by¡¡means¡¡of¡¡analysis£»¡¡to¡¡convert¡¡them¡¡into
conceptions¡£¡¡On¡¡the¡¡contrary£»¡¡transcendental¡¡logic¡¡has¡¡lying¡¡before¡¡it
the¡¡manifold¡¡content¡¡of¡¡a¡¡priori¡¡sensibility£»¡¡which¡¡transcendental
aesthetic¡¡presents¡¡to¡¡it¡¡in¡¡order¡¡to¡¡give¡¡matter¡¡to¡¡the¡¡pure
conceptions¡¡of¡¡the¡¡understanding£»¡¡without¡¡which¡¡transcendental¡¡logic
would¡¡have¡¡no¡¡content£»¡¡and¡¡be¡¡therefore¡¡utterly¡¡void¡£¡¡Now¡¡space¡¡and
time¡¡contain¡¡an¡¡infinite¡¡diversity¡¡of¡¡determinations¡¡of¡¡pure¡¡a
priori¡¡intuition£»¡¡but¡¡are¡¡nevertheless¡¡the¡¡condition¡¡of¡¡the¡¡mind's
receptivity£»¡¡under¡¡which¡¡alone¡¡it¡¡can¡¡obtain¡¡representations¡¡of
objects£»¡¡and¡¡which£»¡¡consequently£»¡¡must¡¡always¡¡affect¡¡the¡¡conception¡¡of
these¡¡objects¡£¡¡But¡¡the¡¡spontaneity¡¡of¡¡thought¡¡requires¡¡that¡¡this
diversity¡¡be¡¡examined¡¡after¡¡a¡¡certain¡¡manner£»¡¡received¡¡into¡¡the
mind£»¡¡and¡¡connected£»¡¡in¡¡order¡¡afterwards¡¡to¡¡form¡¡a¡¡cognition¡¡out¡¡of
it¡£¡¡This¡¡Process¡¡I¡¡call¡¡synthesis¡£
¡¡¡¡By¡¡the¡¡word¡¡synthesis£»¡¡in¡¡its¡¡most¡¡general¡¡signification£»¡¡I
understand¡¡the¡¡process¡¡of¡¡joining¡¡different¡¡representations¡¡to¡¡each
other¡¡and¡¡of¡¡comprehending¡¡their¡¡diversity¡¡in¡¡one¡¡cognition¡£¡¡This
synthesis¡¡is¡¡pure¡¡when¡¡the¡¡diversity¡¡is¡¡not¡¡given¡¡empirically¡¡but¡¡a
priori¡¡£¨as¡¡that¡¡in¡¡space¡¡and¡¡time£©¡£¡¡Our¡¡representations¡¡must¡¡be
given¡¡previously¡¡to¡¡any¡¡analysis¡¡of¡¡them£»¡¡and¡¡no¡¡conceptions¡¡can
arise£»¡¡quoad¡¡their¡¡content£»¡¡analytically¡£¡¡But¡¡the¡¡synthesis¡¡of¡¡a
diversity¡¡£¨be¡¡it¡¡given¡¡a¡¡priori¡¡or¡¡empirically£©¡¡is¡¡the¡¡first¡¡requisite
for¡¡the¡¡production¡¡of¡¡a¡¡cognition£»¡¡which¡¡in¡¡its¡¡beginning£»¡¡indeed£»¡¡may
be¡¡crude¡¡and¡¡confused£»¡¡and¡¡therefore¡¡in¡¡need¡¡of¡¡analysis¡¡¡still£»
synthesis¡¡is¡¡that¡¡by¡¡which¡¡alone¡¡the¡¡elements¡¡of¡¡our¡¡cognitions¡¡are
collected¡¡and¡¡united¡¡into¡¡a¡¡certain¡¡content£»¡¡consequently¡¡it¡¡is¡¡the
first¡¡thing¡¡on¡¡which¡¡we¡¡must¡¡fix¡¡our¡¡attention£»¡¡if¡¡we¡¡wish¡¡to
investigate¡¡the¡¡origin¡¡of¡¡our¡¡knowledge¡£
¡¡¡¡Synthesis£»¡¡generally¡¡speaking£»¡¡is£»¡¡as¡¡we¡¡shall¡¡afterwards¡¡see£»¡¡the
mere¡¡operation¡¡of¡¡the¡¡imagination¡¡¡a¡¡blind¡¡but¡¡indispensable
function¡¡of¡¡the¡¡soul£»¡¡without¡¡which¡¡we¡¡should¡¡have¡¡no¡¡cognition
whatever£»¡¡but¡¡of¡¡the¡¡working¡¡of¡¡which¡¡we¡¡are¡¡seldom¡¡even¡¡conscious¡£
But¡¡to¡¡reduce¡¡this¡¡synthesis¡¡to¡¡conceptions¡¡is¡¡a¡¡function¡¡of¡¡the
understanding£»¡¡by¡¡means¡¡of¡¡which¡¡we¡¡attain¡¡to¡¡cognition£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡proper
meaning¡¡of¡¡the¡¡term¡£
¡¡¡¡Pure¡¡synthesis£»¡¡represented¡¡generally£»¡¡gives¡¡us¡¡the¡¡pure
conception¡¡of¡¡the¡¡understanding¡£¡¡But¡¡by¡¡this¡¡pure¡¡synthesis£»¡¡I¡¡mean
that¡¡which¡¡rests¡¡upon¡¡a¡¡basis¡¡of¡¡a¡¡priori¡¡synthetical¡¡unity¡£¡¡Thus£»¡¡our
numeration¡¡£¨and¡¡this¡¡is¡¡more¡¡observable¡¡in¡¡large¡¡numbers£©¡¡is¡¡a
synthesis¡¡according¡¡to¡¡conceptions£»¡¡because¡¡it¡¡takes¡¡place¡¡according
to¡¡a¡¡common¡¡basis¡¡of¡¡unity¡¡£¨for¡¡example£»¡¡the¡¡decade£©¡£¡¡By¡¡means¡¡of¡¡this
conception£»¡¡therefore£»¡¡the¡¡unity¡¡in¡¡the¡¡synthesis¡¡of¡¡the¡¡manifold
becomes¡¡necessary¡£
¡¡¡¡By¡¡means¡¡of¡¡analysis¡¡different¡¡representations¡¡are¡¡brought¡¡under¡¡one
conception¡¡¡an¡¡operation¡¡of¡¡which¡¡general¡¡logic¡¡treats¡£¡¡On¡¡the¡¡other
hand£»¡¡the¡¡duty¡¡of¡¡transcendental¡¡logic¡¡is¡¡to¡¡reduce¡¡to¡¡conceptions£»
not¡¡representations£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡pure¡¡synthesis¡¡of¡¡representations¡£¡¡The
first¡¡thing¡¡which¡¡must¡¡be¡¡given¡¡to¡¡us¡¡for¡¡the¡¡sake¡¡of¡¡the¡¡a¡¡priori
cognition¡¡of¡¡all¡¡objects£»¡¡is¡¡the¡¡diversity¡¡of¡¡the¡¡pure¡¡intuition£»
the¡¡synthesis¡¡of¡¡this¡¡diversity¡¡by¡¡means¡¡of¡¡the¡¡imagination¡¡is¡¡the
second£»¡¡but¡¡this¡¡gives£»¡¡as¡¡yet£»¡¡no¡¡cognition¡£¡¡The¡¡conceptions¡¡which
give¡¡unity¡¡to¡¡this¡¡pure¡¡synthesis£»¡¡and¡¡which¡¡consist¡¡solely¡¡in¡¡the
representation¡¡of¡¡this¡¡necessary¡¡synthetical¡¡unity£»¡¡furnish¡¡the
third¡¡requisite¡¡for¡¡the¡¡cognition¡¡of¡¡an¡¡object£»¡¡and¡¡these
conceptions¡¡are¡¡given¡¡by¡¡the¡¡understanding¡£
¡¡¡¡The¡¡same¡¡function¡¡which¡¡gives¡¡unity¡¡to¡¡the¡¡different
representation¡¡in¡¡a¡¡judgement£»¡¡gives¡¡also¡¡unity¡¡to¡¡the¡¡mere
synthesis¡¡of¡¡different¡¡representations¡¡in¡¡an¡¡intuition£»¡¡and¡¡this¡¡unity
we¡¡call¡¡the¡¡pure¡¡conception¡¡of¡¡the¡¡understanding¡£¡¡Thus£»¡¡the¡¡same
understanding£»¡¡and¡¡by¡¡the¡¡same¡¡operations£»¡¡whereby¡¡in¡¡conceptions£»
by¡¡means¡¡of¡¡analytical¡¡unity£»¡¡it¡¡produced¡¡the¡¡logical¡¡form¡¡of¡¡a
judgement£»¡¡introduces£»¡¡by¡¡means¡¡of¡¡the¡¡synthetical¡¡unity¡¡of¡¡the
manifold¡¡in¡¡intuition£»¡¡a¡¡transcendental¡¡content¡¡into¡¡its
representations£»¡¡on¡¡which¡¡account¡¡they¡¡are¡¡called¡¡pure¡¡conceptions
of¡¡the¡¡understanding£»¡¡and¡¡they¡¡apply¡¡a¡¡priori¡¡to¡¡objects£»¡¡a¡¡result¡¡not
within¡¡the¡¡power¡¡of¡¡general¡¡logic¡£
¡¡¡¡In¡¡this¡¡manner£»¡¡there¡¡arise¡¡exactly¡¡so¡¡many¡¡pure¡¡conceptions¡¡of
the¡¡understanding£»¡¡applying¡¡a¡¡priori¡¡to¡¡objects¡¡of¡¡intuition¡¡in
general£»¡¡as¡¡there¡¡are¡¡logical¡¡functions¡¡in¡¡all¡¡possible¡¡judgements¡£
For¡¡there¡¡is¡¡no¡¡other¡¡function¡¡or¡¡faculty¡¡existing¡¡in¡¡the
understanding¡¡besides¡¡those¡¡enumerated¡¡in¡¡that¡¡table¡£¡¡These
conceptions¡¡we¡¡shall£»¡¡with¡¡Aristotle£»¡¡call¡¡categories£»¡¡our¡¡purpose
being¡¡originally¡¡identical¡¡with¡¡his£»¡¡notwithstanding¡¡the¡¡great
difference¡¡in¡¡the¡¡execution¡£
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡TABLE¡¡OF¡¡THE¡¡CATEGORIES
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Of¡¡Quantity¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Of¡¡Quality
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Unity¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Reality
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Plurality¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Negation
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Totality¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Limitation
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Of¡¡Relation
¡¡¡¡¡¡Of¡¡Inherence¡¡and¡¡Subsistence¡¡£¨substantia¡¡et¡¡accidens£©
¡¡¡¡¡¡Of¡¡Causality¡¡and¡¡Dependence¡¡£¨cause¡¡and¡¡effect£©
¡¡¡¡¡¡Of¡¡Community¡¡£¨reciprocity¡¡between¡¡the¡¡agent¡¡and¡¡patient£©
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Of¡¡Modality
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Possibility¡¡¡¡¡Impossibility
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Existence¡¡¡¡¡Non¡existence
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Necessity¡¡¡¡¡Contingence
¡¡¡¡This£»¡¡then£»¡¡is¡¡a¡¡catalogue¡¡of¡¡all¡¡the¡¡originally¡¡