mary stuart-第31部分

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his　dagger　and　used　it　to　goad　on　his　horse。　　His　horse；　under　this

terrible　stimulus；　acquired　fresh　vigour；　and；　leaping　a　gully

eighteen　feet　deep；　put　between　his　master　and　his　pursuers　a　barrier

which　they　dared　not　cross。



The　murderer　sought　an　asylum　in　France；　where　he　retired　under　the

protection　of　the　Guises。　　There；　as　the　bold　stroke　he　had　attempted

had　acquired　him　a　great　reputation；　some　days　before　the　Massacre　of

St。　Bartholomew；　they　made　him　overtures　to　assassinate　Admiral

Coligny。　　But　Bothwellhaugh　indignantly　repulsed　these　proposals；

saying　that　he　was　the　avenger　of　abuses　and　not　an　assassin；　and

that　those　who　had　to　complain　of　the　admiral　had　only　to　come　and

ask　him　how　he　had　done；　and　to　do　as　he。



As　to　Murray；　he　died　the　night　following　his　wound；　leaving　the

regency　to　the　Earl　of　Lennox；　the　father　of　Darnley：　on　learning　the

news　of　his　death；　Elizabeth　wrote　that　she　had　lost　her　best　friend。



While　these　events　were　passing　in　Scotland；　Mary　Stuart　was　still　a

prisoner；　in　spite　of　the　pressing　and　successive　protests　of　Charles

IX　and　Henry　III。　　Taking　fright　at　the　attempt　made　in　her　favour；

Elizabeth　even　had　her　removed　to　Sheffield　Castle；　round　which　fresh

patrols　were　incessantly　in　motion。



But　days；　months；　years　passed；　and　poor　Mary；　who　had　borne　so

impatiently　her　eleven　months'　captivity　in　Lochleven　Castle；　had

been　already　led　from　prison　to　prison　for　fifteen　or　sixteen　years；

in　spite　of　her　protests　and　those　of　the　French　and　Spanish

ambassadors；　when　she　was　finally　taken　to　Tutbury　Castle　and　placed

under　the　care　of　Sir　Amyas　Paulet；　her　last　gaoler：　there　she　found

for　her　sole　lodging　two　low　and　damp　rooms；　where　little　by　little

what　strength　remained　to　her　was　so　exhausted　that　there　were　days

on　which　she　could　not　walk；　on　account　of　the　pain　in　all　her　limbs。

Then　it　was　that　she　who　had　been　the　queen　of　two　kingdoms；　who　was

born　in　a　gilded　cradle　and　brought　up　in　silk　and　velvet；　was　forced

to　humble　herself　to　ask　of　her　gaoler　a　softer　bed　and　warmer

coverings。　　This　request；　treated　as　an　affair　of　state；　gave　rise　to

negotiations　which　lasted　a　month；　after　which　the　prisoner　was　at

length　granted　what　she　asked。　　And　yet　the　unhealthiness；　cold；　and

privations　of　all　kinds　still　did　not　work　actively　enough　on　that

healthy　and　robust　organisation。　　They　tried　to　convey　to　Paulet　what

a　service　he　would　render　the　Queen　of　England　in　cutting　short　the

existence　of　her　who；　already　condemned　in　her　rival's　mind；　yet

delayed　to　die。　　But　Sir　Amyas　Paulet；　coarse　and　harsh　as　he　was　to

Mary　Stuart；　declared　that；　so　long　as　she　was　with　him　she　would

have　nothing　to　fear　from　poison　or　dagger；　because　he　would　taste

all　the　dishes　served　to　his　prisoner；　and　that　no　one　should

approach　her　but　in　his　presence。　　In　fact；　some　assassins；　sent　by

Leicester；　the　very　same　who　had　aspired　for　a　moment　to　the　hand　of

the　lovely　Mary　Stuart；　were　driven　from　the　castle　directly　its

stern　keeper　had　learned　with　what　intentions　they　had　entered　it。

Elizabeth　had　to　be　patient；　then；　in　contenting　herself　with

tormenting　her　whom　she　could　not　kill；　and　still　hoping　that　a　fresh

opportunity　would　occur　for　bringing　her　to　trial。　　That　opportunity；

so　long　delayed；　the　fatal　star　of　Mary　Stuart　at　length　brought。



A　young　Catholic　gentleman；　a　last　scion　of　that　ancient　chivalry

which　was　already　dying　out　at　that　time；　excited　by　the

excommunication　of　Pius　V；　which　pronounced　Elizabeth　fallen　from　her

kingdom　on　earth　and　her　salvation　in　heaven；　resolved　to　restore

liberty　to　Mary；　who　thenceforth　was　beginning　to　be　looked　upon；　no

longer　as　a　political　prisoner；　but　as　a　martyr　for　her　faith。

Accordingly；　braving　the　law　which　Elizabeth　had　had　made　in　1585；

and　which　provided　that；　if　any　attempt　on　her　person　was　meditated

by；　or　for；　a　person　who　thought　he　had　claims　to　the　crown　of

England；　a　commission　would　be　appointed　composed　of　twenty…five

members；　which；　to　the　exclusion　of　every　other　tribunal；　would　be

empowered　to　examine　into　the　offence；　and　to　condemn　the　guilty

persons；　whosoever　they　might　be。　　Babington；　not　at　all　discouraged

by　the　example　of　his　predecessors；　assembled　five　of　his　friends；

Catholics　as　zealous　as　himself；　who　engaged　their　life　and　honour　in

the　plot　of　which　he　was　the　head；　and　which　had　as　its　aim　to

assassinate　Elizabeth；　and　as　a　result　to　place　Mary　Stuart　on　the

English　throne。　　But　this　scheme；　well　planned　as　it　was；　was

revealed　to　Walsingham；　who　allowed　the　conspirators　to　go　as　far　as

he　thought　he　could　without　danger；　and　who；　the　day　before　that

fixed　for　the　assassination；　had　them　arrested。



This　imprudent　and　desperate　attempt　delighted　Elizabeth；　for；

according　to　the　letter　of　the　law；　it　finally　gave　her　rival's　life

into　her　hands。　　Orders　were　immediately　given　to　Sir　Amyas　Paulet　to

seize　the　prisoner's　papers　and　to　move　her　to　Fotheringay　Castle。

The　gaoler；　then；　hypocritically　relaxing　his　usual　severity；

suggested　to　Mary　Stuart　that　she　should　go　riding；　under　the　pretext

that　she　had　need　of　an　airing。　　The　poor　prisoner；　who　for　three

years　had　only　seen　the　country　through　her　prison　bars；　joyfully

accepted；　and　left　Tutbury　between　two　guards；　mounted；　for　greater

security；　on　a　horse　whose　feet　were　hobbled。　　These　two　guards　took

her　to　Fotheringay　Castle；　her　new　habitation；　where　she　found　the

apartment　she　was　to　lodge　in　already　hung　in　black。　　Mary　Stuart　had

entered　alive　into　her　tomb。　　As　to　Babington　and　his　accomplices；

they　had　been　already　beheaded。



Meanwhile；　her　two　secretaries；　Curle　and　Nau；　were　arrested；　and　all

her　papers　were　seized　and　sent　to　Elizabeth；　who；　on　her　part；

ordered　the　forty　commissioners　to　assemble；　and　proceed　without

intermission　to　the　trial　of　the　prisoner。　　They　arrived　at

Fotheringay　the　14th　October　1586；　and　next　day；　being　assembled　in

the　great　hall　of　the　castle；　they　began　the　examination。



At　first　Mary　refused　to　appear　before　them；　declaring　that　she　did

not　recognise　the　commissioners　as　judges；　they　not　being　her　peers；

and　not　acknowledging　the　English　law；　which　had　never　afforded　her

protection；　and　which　had　constantly　abandoned　her　to　the　rule　of

force。　　But　seeing　that　they　proceeded　none　the　less；　and　that　every

calumny　was　allowed；　no　one　being　there　to　refute　it；　she　resolved　to

appear　before　the　commissioners。　　We　quote　the　two　interrogatories　to

which　Mary　Stuart　submitted　as　they　are　set　down　in　the　report　of　M。

de　Bellievre　to　M。　de　Villeroy。　　M。　de　Bellievre；　as　we　shall　see

later；　had　been　specially　sent　by　King　Henry　III　to　Elizabeth。

＇Intelligence　for　M。　Villeroy　of　what　was　done　in　England　by　M。　de

Bellievre　about　the　affairs　of　the　Queen　of　Scotland；　in　the　months

of　November　and　December　1586　and　January　1587。＇



The　said　lady　being　seated　at　the　end　of　the　table　in　the　said　hall；

and　the　said　commissioners　about　her



The　Queen　of　Scotland　began　to　speak　in　these　terms：



〃I　do　not　admit　that　any　one　of　you　here　assembled　is　my　peer　or　my

judge　to　examine　me　upon　any　charge。　　Thus　what　I　do；　and　now　tell

you；　is　of　my　own　free　will；　taking　God　to　witness　that　I　am　innocent

and　pure　in　conscience　of　the　accusations　and　slanders　of　which　they

wish　to　accuse　me。　　For　I　am　a　free　princess　and　born　a　queen；

obedient　to　no　one；　save　to　God；　to　whom　alone　I　must　give　an　account

of　my　actions。　　This　is　why　I　protest　yet　again　that　my　appearance

before　you　be　not　prejudicial　either　to　me；　or　to　the　kings；　princes

and　potentates；　my　allies；　nor　to　my　son；　and　I　require　that　my

protest　be　registered；　and　I　demand　the　record　of　it。〃



Then　the　chancellor；　who　was　one　of　the　commissioners；　replied　in　his

turn；　and　protested　against　the　protestation；　then　he　ordered　that

there　should　be　read　over　to　the　Queen　of　Scotland　the　commission　in

virtue　of　which　they　were　proceedinga　commission　founded　on　the

statutes　and　law　of　the　kingdom。



But　to　this　Mary　Stuart　made　answer　that　she　again　protested；　that

the　said　statutes　and　laws　were　without　force　against　her；　because

these　statutes　and　laws　are　not　made　for　persons　of　her　condition。



To　this　the　chancellor　replied　that　the　commission　intended　to

proceed　against　her；　even　if　she　refused　to　answer；　and　declared　that

the　trial　should　proceed；　for　she　was　doubly　subject　to　indictment；

the　conspirators　having　not　only　plotted　in　her　favour；　but　also　with

her　consent：　to　which　the　said　Queen　of　Scotland　responded　that　she

had　never　even　thought　of　it。



Upon　this；　the　letters　it　was　alleged　she　had　written　to　Babington

and　his　answers　were　read　to　her。



Mary　Stuart　then　affirmed　that　she　had　never　seen　Babington；　that　she

had　never　had　any　conference　with　him；　had　never　in　her　life　received

a　single　letter　from　him；　and　that　she　defied　anyone　in　the　world　to

maintain　that　she　had　ever　done　anything　to　the　prejudice　of　the　said

Queen　of　England；　that　besides；　strictly　guarded　as　she　was；　away

from　all　news；　withdrawn　from　and　deprived　of　those　nearest　her；

surrounded　with　enemies；　deprived　finally　of　all　advice；　she　had　been

unable　to　participate　in　or　to　consent　to　the　practices　of　which　she

was　accused；　that　there　are；　besides；　many　persons　who　wrote　to　her

what　she　had　no　knowledge　of；　and　that　she　had　received　a　number　of

letters　without　knowing　whence　they　came　to　her。



Then　Babington's　confession　was　read　to　her；　but　she　replied　that　she

did　not　know　what　was　meant；　that　besides；　if　Babington　and　his

accomplices　had　said　such　things；　they　were　base　men；　false　and

liars。



〃Besides；〃　added　she；　〃show　me　my　handwriting　and　my　signature；　since

you　say　that　I　wrote　to　Babington；　and　not　copies　counterfeited　like

these　which　you　have　filled　at　your　leisure　with　the　falsehoods　it

has　plea