04道德经英译本85种-第39部分
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What is to be weakened
Is first made strong;
What will be thrown over
Is first raised up;
What will be withdrawn
Is first bestowed。
This indeed is
Subtle Light;
The gentle way
Will overcome
The hard and strong。
As fish should not
Get out of pools;
The realm's edged tools
Should not be shown
To anybody。
37
The Way is always still; at rest;
And yet does everything that's done。
If then the king and nobles could
Retain its potency for good;
The creatures all would be transformed。
But if; the change once made in them;
They still inclined to do their work;
I should restrain them then
By means of that unique
Original simplicity
Found in the Virgin Block;
Which brings disinterest;
With stillness in its train;
And so; an ordered world。
38
A man of highest virtue
Will not display it as his own;
His virtue then is real。
Low virtue makes one miss no chance
To show his virtue off;
His virtue then is naught。
High virtue is at rest;
It knows no need to act。
Low virtue is a busyness
Pretending to accomplishment。
Compassion at its best
Consists in honest deeds;
Morality at best
Is something done; aforethought;
High etiquette; when acted out
Without response from others;
Constrains a man to bare his arms
And make them do their duty!
Truly; once the Way is lost;
There comes then virtue;
Virtue lost; comes then compassion;
After that morality;
And when that's lost; there's etiquette;
The husk of all good faith;
The rising point of anarchy。
Foreknowledge is; they say;
The Doctrine come to flower;
But better yet; it is
The starting point of silliness。
So once full…grown; a man will take
The meat and not the husk;
The fruit and not the flower。
Rejecting one; he takes the other。
39
These things in ancient times received the One:
The sky obtained it and was clarified;
The earth received it and was settled firm;
The spirits got it and were energized;
The valleys had it; filled to overflow;
All things; as they partook it came alive;
The nobles and the king imbibed the One
In order that the realm might upright be;
Such things were then accomplished by the One。
Without its clarity the sky might break;
Except it were set firm; the earth might shake;
Without their energy the gods would pass;
Unless kept full; the valleys might go dry;
Except for life; all things would pass away;
Unless the One did lift and hold them high;
The nobles and the king might trip and fall。
The humble folk support the mighty ones;
They are base on which the highest rest。
The nobles and the king speak of themselves
As 〃orphans;〃 〃desolate〃 and 〃needy ones。〃
Does this not indicate that they depend
Upon the lowly people for support?
Truly a cart is more than the sum of its parts。
Better to rumble like rocks
Than to tinkle like jade。
40
The movement of the Way is a return;
In weakness lies its major usefulness。
From What…is all the world of things was born
But What…is sprang in turn from What…is…not。
41
On hearing of the Way; the best of men
Will earnestly explore its length。
The mediocre person learns of it
And takes it up and sets it down。
But vulgar people; when they hear the news;
Will laugh out loud; and if they did not laugh;
It would not be the Way。
And so there is a proverb:
〃When going looks like coming back;
The clearest road is mighty dark。〃
Today; the Way that's plain looks rough;
And lofty virtue like a chasm;
The purest innocence like shame;
The broadest power not enough;
Established goodness knavery;
Substantial worth like shifting tides。
Great space has no corners;
Great powers come late;
Great music is soft sound;
The great Form no shape。
The Way is obscure and unnamed;
It is a skilled investor; nonetheless;
The master of accomplishment。
42
The Way begot one;
And the one; two;
Then the two begot three
And three; all else。
All things bear the shade on their backs
And the sun in their arms;
By the blending of breath
From the sun and the shade;
Equilibrium comes to the world。
Orphaned; or needy; or desolate; these
Are conditions much feared and disliked;
Yet in public address; the king
And the nobles account themselves thus。
So a loss sometimes benefits one
Or a benefit proves to be loss。
What others have taught
I also shall teach:
If a violent man does not come
To a violent death;
I shall choose him to teach me。
43
The softest of stuff in the world
Penetrates quickly the hardest;
Insubstantial; it enters
Where no room is。
By this I know the benefit
Of something done by quiet being;
In all the world but few can know
Accomplishment apart from work;
Instruction when no words are used。
44
Which is dearer; fame or self?
Which is worth more; man or pelf?
Which would hurt more; gain or loss?
The mean man pays the highest price;
The hoarder takes the greatest loss;
A man content is never shamed;
And self…restrained; is not in danger:
He will live forever。
45
Most perfect; yet it seems
Imperfect; incomplete:
Its use is not impaired。
Filled up; and yet it seems
Poured out; an empty void:
It never will run dry。
The straightest; yet it seems
To deviate; to bend;
The highest skill and yet
It looks like clumsiness。
The utmost eloquence;
It sounds like stammering。
As movement overcomes
The cold; and stillness; heat;
The Wise Man; pure and still;
Will rectify the world。
46
When the Way rules the world;
Coach horses fertilize the fields;
When the Way does not rule;
War horses breed in the parks。
No sin can exceed
Incitement to envy;
No calamity's worse
Than to be discontented;
Nor is there an omen
More dreadful than coveting。
But once be contented;
And truly you'll always be so。
47
The world may be known
Without leaving the house;
The Way may be seen
Apart from the windows。
The further you go;
The less you will know。
Accordingly; the Wise Man
Knows without going;
Sees without seeing;
Does without doing。
48
The student learns by daily increment。
The Way is gained by daily loss;
Loss upon loss until
At last comes rest。
By letting go; it all gets done;
The world is won by those who let it go!
But when you try and try;
The world is then beyond the winning。
49
The Wise Man's mind is free
But tuned to people's need:
〃Alike to be good and bad
I must be good;
For Virtue is goodness。
To honest folk
And those dishonest ones
Alike; I proffer faith;
For Virtue is faithful。〃
The Wise Man; when abroad;
Impartial to the world;
Does not divide or judge。
But people everywhere
Mark well his ears and eyes;
For wise men hear and see
As little children do。
50
On leaving life; to enter death:
Thirteen members form a living body;
A corpse has thirteen; too:
Thirteen spots by which a man may pass
From life to death。 Why so?
Because his way of life
Is much too gross。
As I have heard; the man who knows
On land how best to be at peace
Will never meet a tiger or a buffalo;
In battle; weapons do not touch his skin。
There is no place the tiger's claws can grip;
Or with his horn; the buffalo can jab;
Or where the soldier can insert his sword。
Why so? In him there is no place of death。
51
The Way brings forth;
Its virtue fosters them;
With matter they take shape;
And circumstance perfects them all:
That is why all things
Do honor the Way
And venerate its power。
The exaltation of the Way;
The veneration of its power;
Come not by fate or decree;
But always just because
By nature it is so。
So when the Way brings forth;
Its power fosters all:
They grow; are reared;
And fed and housed until
They come to ripe maturity。
You shall give life to things
But never possess them;
Your work shall depend on none;
You shall be chief but never lord。
This describes the mystic power。
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52
It began with a matrix:
The world had a mother
Whose sons can be known
As ever; by her。
But if you know them;
You'll keep close to her
As long as you live
And suffer no harm。
Stop up your senses;
Close up your doors;
Be not exhausted
As long as you live。
Open your senses;
Be busier still:
To the end of your days
There's no help for you。
You are bright; it is said;
If you see what is small;
A store of small strengths
Makes you strong。
By the use of its light;
Make your eyes again bright
From evil to lead you away。
This is called 〃practicing constancy。〃
53
When I am walking on the mighty Way;
Let me but know the very least I may;
And I shall only fear to leave the road。
The mighty Way is easy underfoot;
But people still prefer the little paths。
The royal court is dignified; sedate;
While farmers' fields are overgrown with weeds;
The granaries are empty and yet they
Are clad in rich…embroidered silken gowns。
They have sharp swords suspended at their sides;
With glutted wealth; they gorge with food and drink。
It is; the people say;
The boastfulness of brigandage;
But surely not the Way!
54
Set firm in the Way: none