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the snow came and covered all;

  And the green meadow was cold。



O Stork; our garden with snow

  Was hidden away and lost;

Mid the rose…trees that in it grow

  Were withered by snow and frost。







FROM THE LATIN



VIRGIL'S FIRST ECLOGUE





MELIBOEUS。

Tityrus; thou in the shade of a spreading beech…tree reclining;

Meditatest; with slender pipe; the Muse of the woodlands。

We our country's bounds and pleasant pastures relinquish;

We our country fly; thou; Tityrus; stretched in the shadow;

Teachest the woods to resound with the name of the fair

Amaryllis。

 

TITYRUS。

O Meliboeus; a god for us this leisure created;

For he will be unto me a god forever; his altar

Oftentimes shall imbue a tender lamb from our sheepfolds。

He; my heifers to wander at large; and myself; as thou seest;

On my rustic reed to play what I will; hath permitted。



MELIBOEUS。

Truly I envy not; I marvel rather; on all sides

In all the fields is such trouble。  Behold; my goats I am

driving;

Heartsick; further away; this one scarce; Tityrus; lead I;

For having here yeaned twins just now among the dense hazels;

Hope of the flock; ah me! on the naked flint she hath left them。

Often this evil to me; if my mind had not been insensate;

Oak…trees stricken by heaven predicted; as now I remember;

Often the sinister crow from the hollow ilex predicted;

Nevertheless; who this god may be; O Tityrus; tell me。



TITYRUS。

O Meliboeus; the city that they call Rome; I imagined;

Foolish I! to be like this of ours; where often we shepherds

Wonted are to drive down of our ewes the delicate offspring。

Thus whelps like unto dogs had I known; and kids to their

mothers;

Thus to compare great things with small had I been accustomed。

But this among other cities its head as far hath exalted

As the cypresses do among the lissome viburnums。



MELIBOEUS。

And what so great occasion of seeing Rome hath possessed thee?



TITYRUS。

Liberty; which; though late; looked upon me in my inertness;

After the time when my beard fell whiter front me in shaving;

Yet she looked upon me; and came to me after a long while;

Since Amaryllis possesses and Galatea hath left me。

For I will even confess that while Galatea possessed me

Neither care of my flock nor hope of liberty was there。

Though from my wattled folds there went forth many a victim;

And the unctuous cheese was pressed for the city ungrateful;

Never did my right hand return home heavy with money。



MELIBOEUS。

I have wondered why sad thou invokedst the gods; Amaryllis;

And for whom thou didst suffer the apples to hang on the

branches!

Tityrus hence was absent!  Thee; Tityrus; even the pine…trees;

Thee; the very fountains; the very copses were calling。



TITYRUS。

What could I do?  No power had I to escape from my bondage;

Nor had I power elsewhere to recognize gods so propitious。

Here I beheld that youth; to whom each year; Meliboeus;

During twice six days ascends the smoke of our altars。

Here first gave he response to me soliciting favor:

〃Feed as before your heifers; ye boys; and yoke up your

bullocks。〃



MELIBOEUS。

Fortunate old man!  So then thy fields will be left thee;

And large enough for thee; though naked stone and the marish

All thy pasture…lands with the dreggy rush may encompass。

No unaccustomed food thy gravid ewes shall endanger;

Nor of the neighboring flock the dire contagion inject them。

Fortunate old man!  Here among familiar rivers;

And these sacred founts; shalt thou take the shadowy coolness。

On this side; a hedge along the neighboring cross…road;

Where Hyblaean bees ever feed on the flower of the willow;

Often with gentle susurrus to fall asleep shall persuade thee。

Yonder; beneath the high rock; the pruner shall sing to the

breezes;

Nor meanwhile shalt thy heart's delight; the hoarse wood…pigeons;

Nor the turtle…dove cease to mourn from aerial elm…trees。



TITYRUS。

Therefore the agile stags shall sooner feed in the ether;

And the billows leave the fishes bare on the sea…shore。

Sooner; the border…lands of both overpassed; shall the exiled

Parthian drink of the Soane; or the German drink of the Tigris;

Than the face of him shall glide away from my bosom!



MELIBOEUS。

But we hence shall go; a part to the thirsty Afries;

Part to Scythia come; and the rapid Cretan Oaxes;

And to the Britons from all the universe utterly sundered。

Ah; shall I ever; a long time hence; the bounds of my country

And the roof of my lowly cottage covered with greensward

Seeing; with wonder behold;my kingdoms; a handful of

wheat…ears!

Shall an impious soldier possess these lands newly cultured;

And these fields of corn a barbarian?  Lo; whither dicord

Us wretched people hath brought! for whom our fields we have

planted!

Graft; Meliboeus; thy pear…trees now; put in order thy

vine…yards。

Go; my goats; go hence; my flocks so happy aforetime。

Never again henceforth outstretched in my verdurous cavern

Shall I behold you afar from the bushy precipice hanging。

Songs no more shall I sing; not with me; ye goats; as your

shepherd;

Shall ye browse on the bitter willow or blooming laburnum。



TITYRUS。

Nevertheless; this night together with me canst thou rest thee

Here on the verdant leaves; for us there are mellowing apples;

Chestnuts soft to the touch; and clouted cream in abundance;

And the high roofs now of the villages smoke in the distance;

And from the lofty mountains are falling larger the shadows。







OVID IN EXILE



AT TOMIS; IN BESSARABIA; NEAR THE MOUTHS OF THE DANUBE。



TRISTIA; Book III。; Elegy X。



Should any one there in Rome remember Ovid the exile;

  And; without me; my name still in the city survive;



Tell him that under stars which never set in the ocean

  I am existing still; here in a barbarous land。



Fierce Sarmatians encompass me round; and the Bessi and Getae;

  Names how unworthy to be sung by a genius like mine!



Yet when the air is warm; intervening Ister defends us:

  He; as he flows; repels inroads of war with his waves。



But when the dismal winter reveals its hideous aspect;

  When all the earth becomes white with a marble…like frost;



And when Boreas is loosed; and the snow hurled under Arcturus;

  Then these nations; in sooth; shudder and shiver with cold。



Deep lies the snow; and neither the sun nor the rain can dissolve

it;

  Boreas hardens it still; makes it forever remain。



Hence; ere the first ha…s melted away; another succeeds it;

 And two years it is wont; in many places; to lie。



And so great is the power of the Northwind awakened; it levels

  Lofty towers with the ground; roofs uplifted bears off。



Wrapped in skins; and with trousers sewed; they contend with the 

weather;

  And their faces alone of the whole body are seen。



Often their tresses; when shaken; with pendent icicles tinkle;

  And their whitened beards shine with the gathering frost。



Wines consolidate stand; preserving the form of the vessels;

  No more draughts of wine;pieces presented they drink。



Why should I tell you how all the rivers are frozen and solid;

  And from out of the lake frangible water is dug?



Ister;no narrower stream than the river that bears the

papyrus;

  Which through its many mouths mingles its waves with the deep;



Ister; with hardening winds; congeals its cerulean waters;

  Under a roof of ice; winding its way to the sea。



There where ships have sailed; men go on foot; and the billows;

  Solid made by the frost; hoof…beats of horses indent。



Over unwonted bridges; with water gliding beneath them;

  The Sarmatian steers drag their barbarian carts。



Scarcely shall I be believed; yet when naught is gained by a

falsehood;

  Absolute credence then should to a witness be given。



I have beheld the vast Black Sea of ice all compacted;

  And a slippery crust pressing its motionless tides。



'T is not enough to have seen; I have trodden this indurate

ocean;

  Dry shod passed my foot over its uppermost wave。



If thou hadst had of old such a sea as this is; Leander!

  Then thy death had not been charged as a crime to the Strait。



Nor can the curved dolphins uplift themselves from the water;

  All their struggles to rise merciless winter prevents;



And though Boreas sound with roar of wings in commotion;

  In the blockaded gulf never a wave will there be;



And the ships will stand hemmed in by the frost; as in marble;

  Nor will the oar have power through the stiff waters to cleave。



Fast…bound in the ice have I seen the fishes adhering;

  Yet notwithstanding this some of them still were alive。



Hence; if the savage strength of omnipotent Boreas freezes

  Whether the salt…sea wave; whether the refluent stream;



Straightway;the Ister made level by arid blasts of the

North…wind;

  Comes the barbaric foe borne on his swift…footed steed;



Foe; that powerful made by his steed and his far…flying arrows;

  All the neighboring land void of inhabitants makes。



Some take flight; and none being left to defend their

possessions;

  Unprotected; their goods pillage and plunder become;



Cattle and creaking carts; the little wealth of the country;

  And what riches beside indigent peasants possess。



Some as captives are driven along; their hands bound behind them;

  Looking backward in vain toward their Lares and lands。



Others; transfixed with barbed arrows; in agony perish;

  For the swift arrow…heads all have in poison been dipped。



What they cannot carry or lead away they demolish;

  And the hostile flames burn up the innocent cots。



Even when there is peace; the fear of war is impending;

  None; with the ploughshare pressed; furrows the soil any more。



Either this region sees; or fears a foe that it sees not;

  And the sluggish land slumbers in utter neglect。


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