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West…

Wind and Wenonah; daughter of Nokomis。

Ia'goo; a great boaster and story…teller。

Inin'ewug; men; or pawns in the Game of the Bowl。

Ishkoodah'; fire; a comet。

Jee'bi; a ghost; a spirit。

Joss'akeed; a prophet。

Kabibonok'ka; the North…Wind。

Kagh; the hedge…hog。

Ka'go; do not。

Kahgahgee'; the raven。

Kaw; no。

Kaween'; no indeed。

Kayoshk'; the sea…gull。

Kee'go; a fish。

Keeway'din; the Northwest wind; the Home…wind。

Kena'beek; a serpent。

Keneu'; the great war…eagle。

Keno'zha; the pickerel。

Ko'ko…ko'ho; the owl。

Kuntasoo'; the Game of Plum…stones。

Kwa'sind; the Strong Man。

Kwo…ne'she; or Dush…kwo…ne'she; the dragon…fly。

Mahnahbe'zee; the swan。

Mahng; the loon。

Mahn…go…tay'see; loon…hearted; brave。

Mahnomo'nee; wild rice。

Ma'ma; the woodpecker。

Maskeno'zha; the pike。

Me'da; a medicine…man。

Meenah'ga; the blueberry。

Megissog'won; the great Pearl…Feather; a magician; and the Manito

of

     Wealth。

Meshinau'wa; a pipe…bearer。

Minjekah'wun; Hiawatha's mittens。

Minneha'ha; Laughing Water; wife of Hiawatha; a water…fall in a 

stream running into the Mississippi between Fort Snelling and the

     Falls of St。 Anthony。

Minne…wa'wa; a pleasant sound; as of the wind in the trees。

Mishe…Mo'kwa; the Great Bear。

Mishe…Nah'ma; the Great Sturgeon。

Miskodeed'; the Spring…Beauty; the Claytonia Virginica。

Monda'min; Indian corn。

Moon of Bright Nights; April。

Moon of Leaves; May。

Moon of Strawberries; June。

Moon of the Falling Leaves; September。

Moon of Snow…shoes; November。

Mudjekee'wis; the West…Wind; father of Hiawatha。

Mudway…aush'ka; sound of waves on a shore。

Mushkoda'sa; the grouse。

Nah'ma; the sturgeon。

Nah'ma…wusk; spearmint。

Na'gow Wudj'oo; the Sand Dunes of Lake Superior。

Nee…ba…naw'…baigs; water…spirits。

Nenemoo'sha; sweetheart。

Nepah'win; sleep。

Noko'mis; a grandmother; mother of Wenonah。

No'sa; my father。

Nush'ka; look! look!

Odah'min; the strawberry。

Okahah'wis; the fresh…water herring。

Ome'me; the pigeon。

Ona'gon; a bowl。

Onaway'; awake。

Ope'chee; the robin。

Osse'o; Son of the Evening Star。

Owais'sa; the bluebird。

Oweenee'; wife of Osseo。

Ozawa'beek; a round piece of brass or copper in the Game of the

     Bowl。

Pah…puk…kee'na; the grasshopper。

Pau'guk; death。

Pau…Puk…Kee'wis; the handsome Yenadizze; the son of Storm Fool。

Pauwa'ting; Saut Sainte Marie。

Pe'boan; Winter。

Pem'ican; meat of the deer or buffalo dried and pounded。

Pezhekee'; the bison。

Pishnekuh'; the brant。

Pone'mah; hereafter。

Pugasaing'; Game of the Bowl。

Puggawau'gun; a war…club。

Puk…Wudj'ies; little wild men of the woods; pygmies。

Sah…sah…je'wun; rapids。

Sah'wa; the perch。

Segwun'; Spring。

Sha'da; the pelican。

Shahbo'min; the gooseberry。

Shah…shah; long ago。

Shaugoda'ya; a coward。

Shawgashee'; the craw…fish。

Shawonda'see; the South…Wind。

Shaw…shaw; the swallow。

Shesh'ebwug; ducks; pieces in the Game of the Bowl。

Shin'gebis; the diver; or grebe。

Showain' neme'shin; pity me。

Shuh…shuh'gah; the blue heron。

Soan…ge…ta'ha; strong…hearted。

Subbeka'she; the spider。

Sugge'me; the mosquito。

To'tem; family coat…of…arms。

Ugh; yes。

Ugudwash'; the sun…fish。

Unktahee'; the God of Water。

Wabas'so; the rabbit; the North。

Wabe'no; a magician; a juggler。

Wabe'no…wusk; yarrow。

Wa'bun; the East…Wind。

Wa'bun An'nung; the Star of the East; the Morning Star。

Wahono'win; a cry of lamentation。

Wah…wah…tay'see; the fire…fly。

Wam'pum; beads of shell。

Waubewy'on; a white skin wrapper。

Wa'wa; the wild goose。

Waw'beek; a rock。

Waw…be…wa'wa; the white goose。

Wawonais'sa; the whippoorwill。

Way…muk…kwa'na; the caterpillar。

Wen'digoes; giants。

Weno'nah; Hiawatha's mother; daughter of Nokomis。

Yenadiz'ze; an idler and gambler; an Indian dandy。





In the Vale of Tawasentha。 

This valley; now called Norman's Kill; is in Albany County; New 

York。





On the Mountains of the Prairie。

Mr。 Catlin; in his Letters and Notes on the Manners; Customs; and



Condition of the North American Indians; Vol。 II p。 160; gives an



interesting account of the Coteau des Prairies; and the Red Pipe…

stone Quarry。  He says:



〃Here (according to their traditions) happened the mysterious

birth 

of the red pipe; which has blown its fumes of peace and war to

the 

remotest corners of the continent; which has visited every

warrior; 

and passed through its reddened stem the irrevocable oath of war

and 

desolation。  And here; also; the peace…breathing calumet was

born; 

and fringed with the eagle's quills; which has shed its thrilling



fumes over the land; and soothed the fury of the relentless

savage。



〃The Great Spirit at an ancient period here called the Indian 

nations together; and; standing on the precipice of the red pipe…

stone rock; broke from its wall a piece; and made a huge pipe by 

turning it in his hand; which he smoked over them; and to the

North; 

the South; the East; and the West; and told them that this stone

was 

red;that it was their flesh;that they must use it for their 

pipes of peace;that it belonged to them all; and that the

war…club 

and scalping…knife must not be raised on its ground。  At the last



whiff of his pipe his head went into a great cloud; and the whole



surface of the rock for several miles was melted and glazed; two 

great ovens were opened beneath; and two women (guardian spirits

of 

the place) entered them in a blaze of fire; and they are heard

there 

yet (Tso…mec…cos…tee aud Tso…me…cos…te…won…dee); answering to the



invocations of the high…priests or medicine…men; who consult them



when they are visitors to this sacred place。〃





Hark you; Bear! you are a coward。 

This anecdote is from Heckewelder。  In his account of the Indian 

Nations; he describes an Indian hunter as addressing a bear in 

nearly these words。  〃I was present;〃 he says; 〃at the delivery

of 

this curious invective; when the hunter had despatched the bear;

I 

asked him how he thought that poor animal could understand what

he 

said to it。  'O;' said he in answer; 'the bear understood me very



well; did you not observe how ashamed he looked while I was 

upbraiding him?〃'Transactions of the American Philosophical 

Society; Vol。 I。 p。 240。





Hush! the Naked Bear will hear thee! 

Heckewelder; in a letter published in the Transactions of the 

American Philosophical Society; Vol。 IV。 p。 260; speaks of this 

tradition as prevalent among the Mohicans and Delawares。



〃Their reports;〃 he says; 〃run thus: that among all animals that

had 

been formerly in this country; this was the most ferocious; that

it 

was much larger than the largest of the common bears; and

remarkably 

long…bodied; all over (except a spot of hair on its back of a

white 

color) naked。 。 。 。 。



〃The history of this animal used to be a subject of conversation 

among the Indians; especially when in the woods a hunting。  I

have 

also heard them say to their children when crying: 'Hush! the

naked 

bear will hear you; be upon you; and devour you;'〃





Where the Falls of Minnehaha; etc。 

〃The scenery about Fort Snelling is rich in beauty。  The Falls of



St。 Anthony are familiar to travellers; and to readers of Indian 

sketches。  Between the fort and these falls are the 'Little

Falls;' 

forty feet in height; on a stream that empties into the

Mississippi。  

The Indians called them Mine…hah…hah; or 'laughing waters。'〃 

MRS。 

EASTMAN'S Dacotah; or Legends of the Sioux; Introd。; p。 ii。





Sand Hills of the Nagow Wudjoo。 

A description of the Grand Sable; or great sand…dunes of Lake 

Superior; is given in Foster and Whitney's Report on the Geology

of 

the Lake Superior Land District; Part II。 p。 131。



〃The Grand Sable possesses a scenic interest little inferior to

that 

of the Pictured Rocks。  The explorer passes abruptly from a coast

of 

consolidated sand to one of loose materials; and although in the

one 

case the cliffs are less precipitous; yet in the other they

attain a 

higher altitude。  He sees before him a long reach of coast; 

resembling a vast sand…bank; more than three hundred and fifty

feet 

in height; without a trace of vegetation。  Ascending to the top; 

rounded hillocks of blown sand are observed; with occasional

clumps 

of trees standing out like oases in the desert。〃





Onaway! Awake; beloved! 

The original of this song may be found in Littell's Living Age;

Vol。 

XXV。 p。 45。





On the Red Swan floating; flying。

The fanciful tradition of the Red Swan may be found in

Schoolcraft's 

Algic Researches; Vol。 II。 p。 9。  Three brothers were hunting on

a 

wager to see who would bring home the first game。



〃They were to shoot no other animal;〃 so the legend says; 〃but

such 

as each was in the habit of killing。  They set out different

ways: 

Odjibwa; the youngest; had not gone far before he saw a bear; an 

animal he was not to kill; by the agreement。  He followed him

close; 

and drove an arrow through him; which brought him to the ground。 



Although contrary to the bet; he immediately commenced skinning

him; 

when suddenly something red tinged all the air around him。  He 

rubbed his eyes; thinking he was perhaps deceived; but without 

effect; for the red hue continued。  At length he heard a strange 

noise at a distance。  It first appeared like a human voice; but 

after following the sound for some distance; he reached the

shores 

of a lake; and soon saw the object he was looking for。  At a 

distance out in the lake sat a most beautiful Red Swan; whose 

plumage glittered in the sun; and who would now and then make the



same noise he had heard。  He was within long bow…shot; and;

pulling 

the arrow from the bowstring up to his ear; took deliberate a

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