°Ëϲµç×ÓÊé > ¾­¹ÜÆäËûµç×ÓÊé > the golden bough >

µÚ50²¿·Ö

the golden bough-µÚ50²¿·Ö

С˵£º the golden bough ×ÖÊý£º ÿҳ4000×Ö

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡



gs¡¡in¡¡virtue¡¡of¡¡their¡¡marriage¡¡with¡¡a¡¡native¡¡princess£»¡¡we¡¡can¡¡understand¡¡not¡¡only¡¡why¡¡foreigners¡¡wore¡¡the¡¡crown¡¡at¡¡Rome£»¡¡but¡¡also¡¡why¡¡foreign¡¡names¡¡occur¡¡in¡¡the¡¡list¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Alban¡¡kings¡£¡¡In¡¡a¡¡state¡¡of¡¡society¡¡where¡¡nobility¡¡is¡¡reckoned¡¡only¡¡through¡¡womenin¡¡other¡¡words£»¡¡where¡¡descent¡¡through¡¡the¡¡mother¡¡is¡¡everything£»¡¡and¡¡descent¡¡through¡¡the¡¡father¡¡is¡¡nothingno¡¡objection¡¡will¡¡be¡¡felt¡¡to¡¡uniting¡¡girls¡¡of¡¡the¡¡highest¡¡rank¡¡to¡¡men¡¡of¡¡humble¡¡birth£»¡¡even¡¡to¡¡aliens¡¡or¡¡slaves£»¡¡provided¡¡that¡¡in¡¡themselves¡¡the¡¡men¡¡appear¡¡to¡¡be¡¡suitable¡¡mates¡£¡¡What¡¡really¡¡matters¡¡is¡¡that¡¡the¡¡royal¡¡stock£»¡¡on¡¡which¡¡the¡¡prosperity¡¡and¡¡even¡¡the¡¡existence¡¡of¡¡the¡¡people¡¡is¡¡supposed¡¡to¡¡depend£»¡¡should¡¡be¡¡perpetuated¡¡in¡¡a¡¡vigorous¡¡and¡¡efficient¡¡form£»¡¡and¡¡for¡¡this¡¡purpose¡¡it¡¡is¡¡necessary¡¡that¡¡the¡¡women¡¡of¡¡the¡¡royal¡¡family¡¡should¡¡bear¡¡children¡¡to¡¡men¡¡who¡¡are¡¡physically¡¡and¡¡mentally¡¡fit£»¡¡according¡¡to¡¡the¡¡standard¡¡of¡¡early¡¡society£»¡¡to¡¡discharge¡¡the¡¡important¡¡duty¡¡of¡¡procreation¡£¡¡Thus¡¡the¡¡personal¡¡qualities¡¡of¡¡the¡¡kings¡¡at¡¡this¡¡stage¡¡of¡¡social¡¡evolution¡¡are¡¡deemed¡¡of¡¡vital¡¡importance¡£¡¡If¡¡they£»¡¡like¡¡their¡¡consorts£»¡¡are¡¡of¡¡royal¡¡and¡¡divine¡¡descent£»¡¡so¡¡much¡¡the¡¡better£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡is¡¡not¡¡essential¡¡that¡¡they¡¡should¡¡be¡¡so¡£

At¡¡Athens£»¡¡as¡¡at¡¡Rome£»¡¡we¡¡find¡¡traces¡¡of¡¡succession¡¡to¡¡the¡¡throne¡¡by¡¡marriage¡¡with¡¡a¡¡royal¡¡princess£»¡¡for¡¡two¡¡of¡¡the¡¡most¡¡ancient¡¡kings¡¡of¡¡Athens£»¡¡namely¡¡Cecrops¡¡and¡¡Amphictyon£»¡¡are¡¡said¡¡to¡¡have¡¡married¡¡the¡¡daughters¡¡of¡¡their¡¡predecessors¡£¡¡This¡¡tradition¡¡is¡¡to¡¡a¡¡certain¡¡extent¡¡confirmed¡¡by¡¡evidence£»¡¡pointing¡¡to¡¡the¡¡conclusion¡¡that¡¡at¡¡Athens¡¡male¡¡kinship¡¡was¡¡preceded¡¡by¡¡female¡¡kinship¡£

Further£»¡¡if¡¡I¡¡am¡¡right¡¡in¡¡supposing¡¡that¡¡in¡¡ancient¡¡Latium¡¡the¡¡royal¡¡families¡¡kept¡¡their¡¡daughters¡¡at¡¡home¡¡and¡¡sent¡¡forth¡¡their¡¡sons¡¡to¡¡marry¡¡princesses¡¡and¡¡reign¡¡among¡¡their¡¡wives'¡¡people£»¡¡it¡¡will¡¡follow¡¡that¡¡the¡¡male¡¡descendants¡¡would¡¡reign¡¡in¡¡successive¡¡generations¡¡over¡¡different¡¡kingdoms¡£¡¡Now¡¡this¡¡seems¡¡to¡¡have¡¡happened¡¡both¡¡in¡¡ancient¡¡Greece¡¡and¡¡in¡¡ancient¡¡Sweden£»¡¡from¡¡which¡¡we¡¡may¡¡legitimately¡¡infer¡¡that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡a¡¡custom¡¡practised¡¡by¡¡more¡¡than¡¡one¡¡branch¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Aryan¡¡stock¡¡in¡¡Europe¡£¡¡Many¡¡Greek¡¡traditions¡¡relate¡¡how¡¡a¡¡prince¡¡left¡¡his¡¡native¡¡land£»¡¡and¡¡going¡¡to¡¡a¡¡far¡¡country¡¡married¡¡the¡¡king's¡¡daughter¡¡and¡¡succeeded¡¡to¡¡the¡¡kingdom¡£¡¡Various¡¡reasons¡¡are¡¡assigned¡¡by¡¡ancient¡¡Greek¡¡writers¡¡for¡¡these¡¡migrations¡¡of¡¡the¡¡princes¡£¡¡A¡¡common¡¡one¡¡is¡¡that¡¡the¡¡king's¡¡son¡¡had¡¡been¡¡banished¡¡for¡¡murder¡£¡¡This¡¡would¡¡explain¡¡very¡¡well¡¡why¡¡he¡¡fled¡¡his¡¡own¡¡land£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡is¡¡no¡¡reason¡¡at¡¡all¡¡why¡¡he¡¡should¡¡become¡¡king¡¡of¡¡another¡£¡¡We¡¡may¡¡suspect¡¡that¡¡such¡¡reasons¡¡are¡¡afterthoughts¡¡devised¡¡by¡¡writers£»¡¡who£»¡¡accustomed¡¡to¡¡the¡¡rule¡¡that¡¡a¡¡son¡¡should¡¡succeed¡¡to¡¡his¡¡father's¡¡property¡¡and¡¡kingdom£»¡¡were¡¡hard¡¡put¡¡to¡¡it¡¡to¡¡account¡¡for¡¡so¡¡many¡¡traditions¡¡of¡¡kings'¡¡sons¡¡who¡¡quitted¡¡the¡¡land¡¡of¡¡their¡¡birth¡¡to¡¡reign¡¡over¡¡a¡¡foreign¡¡kingdom¡£¡¡In¡¡Scandinavian¡¡tradition¡¡we¡¡meet¡¡with¡¡traces¡¡of¡¡similar¡¡customs¡£¡¡For¡¡we¡¡read¡¡of¡¡daughters'¡¡husbands¡¡who¡¡received¡¡a¡¡share¡¡of¡¡the¡¡kingdoms¡¡of¡¡their¡¡royal¡¡fathers¡­in¡­law£»¡¡even¡¡when¡¡these¡¡fathers¡­in¡­law¡¡had¡¡sons¡¡of¡¡their¡¡own£»¡¡in¡¡particular£»¡¡during¡¡the¡¡five¡¡generations¡¡which¡¡preceded¡¡Harold¡¡the¡¡Fair¡­haired£»¡¡male¡¡members¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Ynglingar¡¡family£»¡¡which¡¡is¡¡said¡¡to¡¡have¡¡come¡¡from¡¡Sweden£»¡¡are¡¡reported¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Heimskringla¡¡or¡¡Sagas¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Norwegian¡¡Kings¡¡to¡¡have¡¡obtained¡¡at¡¡least¡¡six¡¡provinces¡¡in¡¡Norway¡¡by¡¡marriage¡¡with¡¡the¡¡daughters¡¡of¡¡the¡¡local¡¡kings¡£

Thus¡¡it¡¡would¡¡seem¡¡that¡¡among¡¡some¡¡Aryan¡¡peoples£»¡¡at¡¡a¡¡certain¡¡stage¡¡of¡¡their¡¡social¡¡evolution£»¡¡it¡¡has¡¡been¡¡customary¡¡to¡¡regard¡¡women¡¡and¡¡not¡¡men¡¡as¡¡the¡¡channels¡¡in¡¡which¡¡royal¡¡blood¡¡flows£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡bestow¡¡the¡¡kingdom¡¡in¡¡each¡¡successive¡¡generation¡¡on¡¡a¡¡man¡¡of¡¡another¡¡family£»¡¡and¡¡often¡¡of¡¡another¡¡country£»¡¡who¡¡marries¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡princesses¡¡and¡¡reigns¡¡over¡¡his¡¡wife's¡¡people¡£¡¡A¡¡common¡¡type¡¡of¡¡popular¡¡tale£»¡¡which¡¡relates¡¡how¡¡an¡¡adventurer£»¡¡coming¡¡to¡¡a¡¡strange¡¡land£»¡¡wins¡¡the¡¡hand¡¡of¡¡the¡¡king's¡¡daughter¡¡and¡¡with¡¡her¡¡the¡¡half¡¡or¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡of¡¡the¡¡kingdom£»¡¡may¡¡well¡¡be¡¡a¡¡reminiscence¡¡of¡¡a¡¡real¡¡custom¡£

Where¡¡usages¡¡and¡¡ideas¡¡of¡¡this¡¡sort¡¡prevail£»¡¡it¡¡is¡¡obvious¡¡that¡¡the¡¡kingship¡¡is¡¡merely¡¡an¡¡appanage¡¡of¡¡marriage¡¡with¡¡a¡¡woman¡¡of¡¡the¡¡blood¡¡royal¡£¡¡The¡¡old¡¡Danish¡¡historian¡¡Saxo¡¡Grammaticus¡¡puts¡¡this¡¡view¡¡of¡¡the¡¡kingship¡¡very¡¡clearly¡¡in¡¡the¡¡mouth¡¡of¡¡Hermutrude£»¡¡a¡¡legendary¡¡queen¡¡of¡¡Scotland¡£¡¡Indeed¡¡she¡¡was¡¡a¡¡queen£»¡¡says¡¡Hermutrude£»¡¡and¡¡but¡¡that¡¡her¡¡sex¡¡gainsaid¡¡it£»¡¡might¡¡be¡¡deemed¡¡a¡¡king£»¡¡nay¡¡£¨and¡¡this¡¡is¡¡yet¡¡truer£©£»¡¡whomsoever¡¡she¡¡thought¡¡worthy¡¡of¡¡her¡¡bed¡¡was¡¡at¡¡once¡¡a¡¡king£»¡¡and¡¡she¡¡yielded¡¡her¡¡kingdom¡¡with¡¡herself¡£¡¡Thus¡¡her¡¡sceptre¡¡and¡¡her¡¡hand¡¡went¡¡together¡£¡¡The¡¡statement¡¡is¡¡all¡¡the¡¡more¡¡significant¡¡because¡¡it¡¡appears¡¡to¡¡reflect¡¡the¡¡actual¡¡practice¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Pictish¡¡kings¡£¡¡We¡¡know¡¡from¡¡the¡¡testimony¡¡of¡¡Bede¡¡that£»¡¡whenever¡¡a¡¡doubt¡¡arose¡¡as¡¡to¡¡the¡¡succession£»¡¡the¡¡Picts¡¡chose¡¡their¡¡kings¡¡from¡¡the¡¡female¡¡rather¡¡than¡¡the¡¡male¡¡line¡£

The¡¡personal¡¡qualities¡¡which¡¡recommended¡¡a¡¡man¡¡for¡¡a¡¡royal¡¡alliance¡¡and¡¡succession¡¡to¡¡the¡¡throne¡¡would¡¡naturally¡¡vary¡¡according¡¡to¡¡the¡¡popular¡¡ideas¡¡of¡¡the¡¡time¡¡and¡¡the¡¡character¡¡of¡¡the¡¡king¡¡or¡¡his¡¡substitute£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡is¡¡reasonable¡¡to¡¡suppose¡¡that¡¡among¡¡them¡¡in¡¡early¡¡society¡¡physical¡¡strength¡¡and¡¡beauty¡¡would¡¡hold¡¡a¡¡prominent¡¡place¡£

Sometimes¡¡apparently¡¡the¡¡right¡¡to¡¡the¡¡hand¡¡of¡¡the¡¡princess¡¡and¡¡to¡¡the¡¡throne¡¡has¡¡been¡¡determined¡¡by¡¡a¡¡race¡£¡¡The¡¡Alitemnian¡¡Libyans¡¡awarded¡¡the¡¡kingdom¡¡to¡¡the¡¡fleetest¡¡runner¡£¡¡Amongst¡¡the¡¡old¡¡Prussians£»¡¡candidates¡¡for¡¡nobility¡¡raced¡¡on¡¡horseback¡¡to¡¡the¡¡king£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡one¡¡who¡¡reached¡¡him¡¡first¡¡was¡¡ennobled¡£¡¡According¡¡to¡¡tradition¡¡the¡¡earliest¡¡games¡¡at¡¡Olympia¡¡were¡¡held¡¡by¡¡Endymion£»¡¡who¡¡set¡¡his¡¡sons¡¡to¡¡run¡¡a¡¡race¡¡for¡¡the¡¡kingdom¡£¡¡His¡¡tomb¡¡was¡¡said¡¡to¡¡be¡¡at¡¡the¡¡point¡¡of¡¡the¡¡racecourse¡¡from¡¡which¡¡the¡¡runners¡¡started¡£¡¡The¡¡famous¡¡story¡¡of¡¡Pelops¡¡and¡¡Hippodamia¡¡is¡¡perhaps¡¡only¡¡another¡¡version¡¡of¡¡the¡¡legend¡¡that¡¡the¡¡first¡¡races¡¡at¡¡Olympia¡¡were¡¡run¡¡for¡¡no¡¡less¡¡a¡¡prize¡¡than¡¡a¡¡kingdom¡£

These¡¡traditions¡¡may¡¡very¡¡well¡¡reflect¡¡a¡¡real¡¡custom¡¡of¡¡racing¡¡for¡¡a¡¡bride£»¡¡for¡¡such¡¡a¡¡custom¡¡appears¡¡to¡¡have¡¡prevailed¡¡among¡¡various¡¡peoples£»¡¡though¡¡in¡¡practice¡¡it¡¡has¡¡degenerated¡¡into¡¡a¡¡mere¡¡form¡¡or¡¡pretence¡£¡¡Thus¡¡there¡¡is¡¡one¡¡race£»¡¡called¡¡the¡¡'Love¡¡Chase£»'¡¡which¡¡may¡¡be¡¡considered¡¡a¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡form¡¡of¡¡marriage¡¡among¡¡the¡¡Kirghiz¡£¡¡In¡¡this¡¡the¡¡bride£»¡¡armed¡¡with¡¡a¡¡formidable¡¡whip£»¡¡mounts¡¡a¡¡fleet¡¡horse£»¡¡and¡¡is¡¡pursued¡¡by¡¡all¡¡the¡¡young¡¡men¡¡who¡¡make¡¡any¡¡pretensions¡¡to¡¡her¡¡hand¡£¡¡She¡¡will¡¡be¡¡given¡¡as¡¡a¡¡prize¡¡to¡¡the¡¡one¡¡who¡¡catches¡¡her£»¡¡but¡¡she¡¡has¡¡the¡¡right£»¡¡besides¡¡urging¡¡on¡¡her¡¡horse¡¡to¡¡the¡¡utmost£»¡¡to¡¡use¡¡her¡¡whip£»¡¡often¡¡with¡¡no¡¡mean¡¡force£»¡¡to¡¡keep¡¡off¡¡those¡¡lovers¡¡who¡¡are¡¡unwelcome¡¡to¡¡her£»¡¡and¡¡she¡¡will¡¡probably¡¡favour¡¡the¡¡one¡¡whom¡¡she¡¡has¡¡already¡¡chosen¡¡in¡¡her¡¡heart¡£¡¡The¡¡race¡¡for¡¡the¡¡bride¡¡is¡¡found¡¡also¡¡among¡¡the¡¡Koryaks¡¡of¡¡North¡­eastern¡¡Asia¡£¡¡It¡¡takes¡¡place¡¡in¡¡a¡¡large¡¡tent£»¡¡round¡¡which¡¡many¡¡separate¡¡compartments¡¡called¡¡pologs¡¡are¡¡arranged¡¡in¡¡a¡¡continuous¡¡circle¡£¡¡The¡¡girl¡¡gets¡¡a¡¡start¡¡and¡¡is¡¡clear¡¡of¡¡the¡¡marriage¡¡if¡¡she¡¡can¡¡run¡¡through¡¡all¡¡the¡¡compartments¡¡without¡¡being¡¡caught¡¡by¡¡the¡¡bridegroom¡£¡¡The¡¡women¡¡of¡¡the¡¡encampment¡¡place¡¡every¡¡obstacle¡¡in¡¡the¡¡man's¡¡way£»¡¡tripping¡¡him¡¡up£»¡¡belabouring¡¡him¡¡with¡¡switches£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡forth£»¡¡so¡¡that¡¡he¡¡has¡¡little¡¡chance¡¡of¡¡succeeding¡¡unless¡¡the¡¡girl¡¡wishes¡¡it¡¡and¡¡waits¡¡for¡¡him¡£¡¡Similar¡¡customs¡¡appear¡¡to¡¡have¡¡been¡¡practised¡¡by¡¡all¡¡the¡¡Teutonic¡¡peoples£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡German£»¡¡Anglo¡­Saxon£»¡¡and¡¡Norse¡¡languages¡¡possess¡¡in¡¡common¡¡a¡¡word¡¡for¡¡marriage¡¡which¡¡means¡¡simply¡¡bride¡­race¡£¡¡Moreover£»¡¡traces¡¡of¡¡the¡¡custom¡¡survived¡¡into¡¡modern¡¡times¡£

Thus¡¡it¡¡appears¡¡that¡¡the¡¡right¡¡to¡¡marry¡¡a¡¡girl£»¡¡and¡¡especially¡¡a¡¡princess£»¡¡has¡¡often¡¡been¡¡conferred¡¡as¡¡a¡¡prize¡¡in¡¡an¡¡athletic¡¡contest¡£¡¡There¡¡would¡¡be¡¡no¡¡reason£»¡¡therefore£»¡¡for¡¡surprise¡¡if¡¡the¡¡Roman¡¡kings£»¡¡before¡¡bestowing¡¡their¡¡daughters¡¡in¡¡marriage£»¡¡should¡¡have¡¡resorted¡¡to¡¡this¡¡ancient¡¡mode¡¡of¡¡testing¡¡the¡¡personal¡¡qualities¡¡of¡¡their¡¡future¡¡sons¡­in¡­law¡¡and¡¡successors¡£¡¡If¡¡my¡¡theory¡¡is¡¡correct£»¡¡the¡¡Roman¡¡king¡¡and¡¡queen¡¡personated¡¡Jupiter¡¡and¡¡his¡¡divine¡¡consort£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡the¡¡character¡¡of¡¡these¡¡divinities¡¡went¡¡through¡¡the¡¡annual¡¡ceremony¡¡of¡¡a¡¡sacred¡¡marriage¡¡for¡¡the¡¡purpose¡¡of¡¡causing¡¡the¡¡crops¡¡to¡¡grow¡¡and¡¡men¡¡and¡¡cattle¡¡to¡¡be¡¡fruitful¡¡and¡¡multiply¡£¡¡Thus¡¡they¡¡did¡¡what¡¡in¡¡more¡¡northern¡¡lands¡¡we¡¡may¡¡suppose¡¡the¡¡King¡¡and¡¡Queen¡¡of¡¡May¡¡were¡¡believed¡¡to¡¡do¡¡in¡¡days¡¡of¡¡old¡£¡¡Now¡¡we¡¡have¡¡seen¡¡that¡¡the¡¡right¡¡to¡¡play¡¡the¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡King¡¡of¡¡May¡¡and¡¡to¡¡wed¡¡the¡¡Queen¡¡of¡¡May¡¡has¡¡sometimes¡¡been¡¡determined¡¡by¡¡an¡¡athletic¡¡contest£»¡¡particularly¡¡by¡¡a¡¡race¡£¡¡This¡¡may¡¡have¡¡been¡¡a¡¡relic¡¡of¡¡an¡¡old¡¡marriage¡¡custom¡¡of¡¡the¡¡sort¡¡we¡¡have¡¡examined£»¡¡a¡¡custom¡¡designed¡¡to¡¡test¡¡the¡¡fitness¡¡of¡¡a¡¡candidate¡¡for¡¡matrimony¡£¡¡Such¡¡a¡¡test¡¡might¡¡reasonably¡¡be¡¡applied¡¡with¡¡peculiar¡¡rigour¡¡to¡¡the¡¡king¡¡in¡¡order¡¡to¡¡ensure¡¡that¡¡no¡¡personal¡¡defect¡¡should¡¡incapacitate¡¡him¡¡for¡¡the¡¡performance¡¡of¡¡those¡¡sacred¡¡rites¡¡and¡¡ceremonies¡¡on¡¡which£»¡¡even¡¡more¡¡than¡¡on¡¡the¡¡despatch¡¡of¡¡his¡¡civil¡¡and¡¡military¡¡duties£»¡¡the¡¡safety¡¡and¡¡prosperity¡¡of¡¡the¡¡community¡¡were¡¡believed¡¡to¡¡depend¡£¡¡And¡¡it¡¡would¡¡be¡¡natural¡¡to¡¡require¡¡of¡¡him¡¡that¡¡from¡¡time¡¡to¡¡time¡¡he¡¡should¡¡submit¡¡himself¡¡afresh¡¡to¡¡the¡¡same¡¡ordeal¡¡for¡¡the¡¡sake¡¡of¡¡publicly¡¡demonstrating¡¡that¡¡he¡¡was¡¡still¡¡equal¡¡to¡¡the¡¡discharge¡¡of¡¡his¡¡high¡¡calling¡£¡¡A¡¡relic¡¡of¡¡that¡¡test¡¡perhaps¡¡survived¡¡in¡¡the¡¡ceremony¡¡known¡¡as¡¡the¡¡Flight¡¡of¡¡the¡¡King¡¡£¨regifugium£©£»¡¡which¡¡continued¡¡to¡¡be¡¡annually¡¡observed¡¡at¡¡Rome¡¡down¡¡to¡¡imperial¡¡times¡£¡¡On¡¡the¡¡twenty¡­fourth¡¡day¡¡of¡¡February¡¡a¡¡sacrifice¡¡used¡¡to¡¡be¡¡offered¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Comitium£»¡¡and¡¡when¡¡it¡¡was¡¡over¡¡the¡¡King¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Sacred¡¡Rites¡¡fled¡¡from¡¡the¡¡Forum¡£¡¡We¡¡may¡¡conjecture¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Flight¡¡of¡¡the¡¡King¡¡was¡¡originally¡¡a¡¡race¡¡for¡¡an¡¡annual¡¡kingship£»¡¡which¡¡may¡¡have¡¡been¡¡awarded¡¡as¡¡a¡¡prize¡¡to¡¡the¡¡fleetest¡¡runner¡£¡¡At¡¡the¡¡end¡¡of¡¡the¡¡year¡¡the¡¡king¡¡might¡¡run¡¡again¡¡for¡¡a¡¡second¡¡term¡¡of¡¡office£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡on£»¡¡until¡¡he¡¡was¡¡defeated¡¡and¡¡deposed¡¡or¡¡perhaps¡¡slain¡£¡¡In¡¡this¡¡way¡¡what¡¡had¡¡once¡¡been¡¡a¡¡race¡¡would¡¡tend¡¡to¡¡assume¡¡the¡¡character¡¡of¡¡a¡¡flight¡¡and¡¡a¡¡pursuit¡£¡¡The¡¡king¡¡would¡¡be¡¡given¡¡a¡¡start£»¡¡he¡¡ran¡¡and¡¡his¡¡competitors¡¡ran¡¡after¡¡him£»¡¡and¡¡if¡¡he¡¡were¡¡overtaken¡¡he¡¡had¡¡to¡¡yield¡¡the¡¡crown¡¡and¡¡perhaps¡¡his¡¡life¡¡to¡¡the¡¡lightest¡¡of¡¡foot¡¡among¡¡them¡£¡¡In¡¡time¡¡a¡¡man¡¡of¡¡masterful¡¡character¡¡might¡¡succeed¡¡in¡¡seating¡¡himself¡¡permanently¡¡on¡¡the¡¡throne¡¡and¡¡reducing¡¡the¡¡annual¡¡race¡¡or¡¡flight¡¡to¡¡the¡¡empty¡¡form¡¡which¡¡it¡¡seems¡¡always¡¡to¡¡have¡¡been¡¡within¡¡historical¡¡times¡£¡¡The¡¡rite¡¡was¡¡sometimes¡¡interpreted¡¡as¡¡a¡¡commemoration¡¡of¡¡the¡¡expulsion¡¡of¡¡the¡¡kings¡¡from¡¡Rome£»¡¡but¡¡this¡¡appears¡¡to¡¡have¡¡been¡¡a¡¡mere¡¡afterthought¡¡devised¡¡to¡¡explain¡¡a¡¡ceremo

·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©

Äã¿ÉÄÜϲ»¶µÄ