lavengro-第34部分
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understood the contents of the book; and well did they correspond
with all those ideas in which I had indulged connected with the
Danes。 For the book was a book of ballads; about the deeds of
knights and champions; and men of huge stature; ballads which from
time immemorial had been sung in the North; and which some two
centuries before the time of which I am speaking had been collected
by one Anders Vedel; who lived with a certain Tycho Brahe; and
assisted him in making observations upon the heavenly bodies; at a
place called Uranias Castle; on the little island of Hveen; in the
Cattegat。
CHAPTER XXIII
The two individuals … The long pipe … The Germans … Werther … The
female Quaker … Suicide … Gibbon … Jesus of Bethlehem … Fill your
glass … Shakespeare … English at Minden … Melancholy Swayne Vonved
… The fifth dinner … Strange doctrines … Are you happy? … Improve
yourself in German。
IT might be some six months after the events last recorded; that
two individuals were seated together in a certain room; in a
certain street of the old town which I have so frequently had
occasion to mention in the preceding pages; one of them was an
elderly; and the other a very young man; and they sat on either
side of a fireplace; beside a table on which were fruit and wine;
the room was a small one; and in its furniture exhibited nothing
remarkable。 Over the mantelpiece; however; hung a small picture
with naked figures in the foreground; and with much foliage behind。
It might not have struck every beholder; for it looked old and
smoke…dried; but a connoisseur; on inspecting it closely; would
have pronounced it to be a judgment of Paris; and a masterpiece of
the Flemish school。
The forehead of the elder individual was high; and perhaps appeared
more so than it really was; from the hair being carefully brushed
back; as if for the purpose of displaying to the best advantage
that part of the cranium; his eyes were large and full; and of a
light brown; and might have been called heavy and dull; had they
not been occasionally lighted up by a sudden gleam … not so
brilliant however as that which at every inhalation shone from the
bowl of the long clay pipe which he was smoking; but which; from a
certain sucking sound which about this time began to be heard from
the bottom; appeared to be giving notice that it would soon require
replenishment from a certain canister; which; together with a
lighted taper; stood upon the table beside him。
'You do not smoke?' said he; at length; laying down his pipe; and
directing his glance to his companion。
Now there was at least one thing singular connected with this last;
namely; the colour of his hair; which; notwithstanding his extreme
youth; appeared to be rapidly becoming gray。 He had very long
limbs; and was apparently tall of stature; in which he differed
from his elderly companion; who must have been somewhat below the
usual height。
'No; I can't smoke;' said the youth; in reply to the observation of
the other; 'I have often tried; but could never succeed to my
satisfaction。'
'Is it possible to become a good German without smoking?' said the
senior; half speaking to himself。
'I daresay not;' said the youth; 'but I shan't break my heart on
that account。'
'As for breaking your heart; of course you would never think of
such a thing; he is a fool who breaks his heart on any account; but
it is good to be a German; the Germans are the most philosophic
people in the world; and the greatest smokers: now I trace their
philosophy to their smoking。'
'I have heard say their philosophy is all smoke … is that your
opinion?'
'Why; no; but smoking has a sedative effect upon the nerves; and
enables a man to bear the sorrows of this life (of which every one
has his share) not only decently; but dignifiedly。 Suicide is not
a national habit in Germany as it is in England。'
'But that poor creature; Werther; who committed suicide; was a
German。'
'Werther is a fictitious character; and by no means a felicitous
one; I am no admirer either of Werther or his author。 But I should
say that; if there ever was a Werther in Germany; he did not smoke。
Werther; as you very justly observe; was a poor creature。'
'And a very sinful one; I have heard my parents say that suicide is
a great crime。'
'Broadly; and without qualification; to say that suicide is a
crime; is speaking somewhat unphilosophically。 No doubt suicide;
under many circumstances; is a crime; a very heinous one。 When the
father of a family; for example; to escape from certain
difficulties; commits suicide; he commits a crime; there are those
around him who look to him for support; by the law of nature; and
he has no right to withdraw himself from those who have a claim
upon his exertions; he is a person who decamps with other people's
goods as well as his own。 Indeed; there can be no crime which is
not founded upon the depriving others of something which belongs to
them。 A man is hanged for setting fire to his house in a crowded
city; for he burns at the same time or damages those of other
people; but if a man who has a house on a heath sets fire to it; he
is not hanged; for he has not damaged or endangered any other
individual's property; and the principle of revenge; upon which all
punishment is founded; has not been aroused。 Similar to such a
case is that of the man who; without any family ties; commits
suicide; for example; were I to do the thing this evening; who
would have a right to call me to account? I am alone in the world;
have no family to support; and; so far from damaging any one;
should even benefit my heir by my accelerated death。 However; I am
no advocate for suicide under any circumstances; there is something
undignified in it; unheroic; un…Germanic。 But if you must commit
suicide … and there is no knowing to what people may be brought …
always contrive to do it as decorously as possible; the decencies;
whether of life or of death; should never be lost sight of。 I
remember a female Quaker who committed suicide by cutting her
throat; but she did it decorously and decently: kneeling down over
a pail; so that not one drop fell upon the floor; thus exhibiting
in her last act that nice sense of neatness for which Quakers are
distinguished。 I have always had a respect for that woman's
memory。'
And here; filling his pipe from the canister; and lighting it at
the taper; he recommenced smoking calmly and sedately。
'But is not suicide forbidden in the Bible?' the youth demanded。
'Why; no; but what though it were! … the Bible is a respectable
book; but I should hardly call it one whose philosophy is of the
soundest。 I have said that it is a respectable book; I mean
respectable from its antiquity; and from containing; as Herder
says; 〃the earliest records of the human race;〃 though those
records are far from being dispassionately written; on which
account they are of less value than they otherwise might have been。
There is too much passion in the Bible; too much violence; now; to
come to all truth; especially historic truth; requires cool
dispassionate investigation; for which the Jews do not appear to
have ever been famous。 We are ourselves not famous for it; for we
are a passionate people; the Germans are not … they are not a
passionate people … a people celebrated for their oaths; we are。
The Germans have many excellent historic writers; we 。 。 。 'tis
true we have Gibbon 。 。 。 You have been reading Gibbon … what do
you think of him?'
'I think him a very wonderful writer。'
'He is a wonderful writer … one SUI GENERIS … uniting the
perspicuity of the English … for we are perspicuous … with the cool
dispassionate reasoning of the Germans。 Gibbon sought after the
truth; found it; and made it clear。'
'Then you think Gibbon a truthful writer?'
'Why; yes; who shall convict Gibbon of falsehood? Many people have
endeavoured to convict Gibbon of falsehood; they have followed him
in his researches; and have never found him once tripping。 Oh; he
is a wonderful writer! his power of condensation is admirable; the
lore of the whole world is to be found in his pages。 Sometimes in
a single note he has given us the result of the study of years; or;
to speak metaphorically; 〃he has ransacked a thousand Gulistans;
and has condensed all his fragrant booty into a single drop of
otto。〃'
'But was not Gibbon an enemy to the Christian faith?'
'Why; no; he was rather an enemy to priestcraft; so am I; and when
I say the philosophy of the Bible is in many respects unsound; I
always wish to make an exception in favour of that part of it which
contains the life and sayings of Jesus of Bethlehem; to which I
must always concede my unqualified admiration … of Jesus; mind you;
for with his followers and their dogmas I have nothing to do。 Of
all historic characters Jesus is the most beautiful and the most
heroic。 I have always been a friend to hero…worship; it is the
only rational one; and has always been in use amongst civilised
people … the worship of spirits is synonymous with barbarism … it
is mere fetish; the savages of West Africa are all spirit…
worshippers。 But there is something philosophic in the worship of
the heroes of the human race; and the true hero is the benefactor。
Brahma; Jupiter; Bacchus; were all benefactors; and; therefore;
entitled to the worship of their respective peoples。 The Celts
worshipped Hesus; who taught them to plough; a highly useful art。
We; who have attained a much higher state of civilisation than the
Celts ever did; worship Jesus; the first who endeavoured to teach
men to behave decently and decorously under all circumstances; who
w