anomalies and curiosities of medicine-第161部分

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crews；　two　pairs　of　compasses；　a　key；　an　iron　pin；　a　ring；　a　brass　pommel　weighing　nine　ounces；　and　many　other　articles。　The　celebrated　Dr。　Lettsom；　in　1802；　spoke　of　an　idiot　who　swallowed　four　pounds　of　old　nails　and　a　pair　of　compasses。　A　lunatic　in　England　e　swallowed　ten　ounces　of　screws　and　bits　of　crockery；　all　of　which　were　passed　by　the　anus。　Boardman　gives　an　account　of　a　child　affected　with　hernia　who　swallowed　a　nail　2　1/2　inches　long。　In　a　few　days　the　nail　was　felt　in　the　hernia；　but　in　due　time　it　was　passed　by　the　rectum。　Blower　reports　an　account　of　a　nail　passing　safely　through　the　alimentary　canal　of　a　baby。　Armstrong　mentions　an　insane　hair…dresser　of　twenty…three；　in　whose　stomach　after　death　were　found　30　or　more　spoon　handles；　30　nails；　and　other　minor　articles。

Closmadenc　reported　a　remarkable　case　which　was　extensively　quoted。　The　patient　was　an　hysteric　young　girl；　an　inmate　of　a　convent；　to　whom　he　was　called　to　relieve　a　supposed　fit　of　epilepsy。　He　found　her　half…asphyxiated；　and　believed　that　she　had　swallowed　a　foreign　body。　He　was　told　that　under　the　influence　of　exaggerated　religious　scruples　this　girl　inflicted　penance　upon　herself　by　swallowing　earth　and　holy　medals。　At　the　first　dose　of　the　emetic；　the　patient　made　a　strong　effort　to　vomit；　whereupon　a　cross　seven　cm。　long　appeared　between　her　teeth。　This　was　taken　out　of　her　mouth；　and　with　it　an　enormous　rosary　220　cm。　long；　and　having　seven　medals　attached　to　it。　Hunt　recites　a　case　occurring　in　a　pointer　dog；　which　swallowed　its　collar　and　chain；　only　imperfectly　masticating　the　collar。　The　chain　and　collar　were　immediately　missed　and　search　made　for　them。　For　several　days　the　dog　was　ill　and　refused　food。　Finally　the　gamekeeper　saw　the　end　of　the　chain　hanging　from　the　dog's　anus；　and　taking　hold　of　it；　he　drew　out　a　yard　of　chain　with　links　one　inch　long；　with　a　cross　bar　at　the　end　two　inches　in　length；　the　dog　soon　recovered。　The　collar　was　never　found；　and　had　apparently　been　digested　or　previously　passed。

Fear　of　robbery　has　often　led　to　the　swallowing　of　money　or　jewelry。　Vaillant；　the　celebrated　doctor　and　antiquarian；　after　a　captivity　of　four　months　in　Algiers；　was　pursued　by　Tunis　pirates；　and　swallowed　15　medals　of　gold；　shortly　after　arriving　at　Lyons　he　passed　them　all　at　stool。　Fournier　and　Duret　published　the　history　of　a　galley　slave　at　Brest　in　whose　stomach　were　found　52　pieces　of　money；　their　combined　weight　being　one　pound；　10　1/4　ounces。　On　receiving　a　sentence　of　three　years'　imprisonment；　an　Englishman；　to　prevent　them　being　taken　from　him；　swallowed　seven　half…crowns。　He　suffered　no　bad　effects；　and　the　coins　not　appearing　the　affair　was　forgotten。　While　at　stool　some　twenty　months　afterward；　having　taken　a　purgative　for　intense　abdominal　pain；　the　seven　coins　fell　clattering　into　the　chamber。　Hevin　mentions　the　case　of　a　man　who；　on　being　captured　by　Barbary　pirates；　swallowed　all　the　money　he　had　on　his　person。　It　is　said　that　a　certain　Italian　swallowed　100　louis　d'ors　at　a　time。

It　occasionally　happens　that　false　teeth　are　accidentally　swallowed；　and　even　passed　through　the　intestinal　tract。　Easton　mentions　a　young　man　who　accidentally　swallowed　some　artificial　teeth　the　previous　night；　and；　to　further　their　passage　through　the　bowel；　he　took　a　dose　of　castor　oil。　When　seen　he　was　suffering　with　pain　in　the　stomach；　and　was　advised　to　eat　much　heavy　food　and　avoid　aperients。　The　following　day　after　several　free　movements　he　felt　a　sharp　pain　in　the　lower　part　of　his　back。　A　large　enema　was　given　and　the　teeth　and　plate　came　away。　The　teeth　were　cleansed　and　put　back　in　his　mouth；　and　the　patient　walked　out。　Nine　years　later　the　same　accident　again　happened　to　the　man　but　in　spite　of　treatment　nothing　was　seen　of　the　teeth　for　a　month　afterward；　when　a　body　appeared　in　the　rectum　which　proved　to　be　a　gold　plate　with　the　teeth　in　it。　In　The　Lancet　of　December　10；　1881；　there　is　an　account　of　a　vulcanite　tooth…plate　which　was　swallowed　and　passed　forty…two　hours　later。　Billroth　mentions　an　instance　of　gastrotomy　for　the　removal　of　swallowed　artificial　teeth；　with　recovery；　and　another　case　in　which　a　successful　esophagotomy　was　performed。　Gardiner　mentions　a　woman　of　thirty…three　who　swallowed　two　false　teeth　while　supping　soup。　A　sharp　angle　of　the　broken　plate　had　caught　in　a　fold　of　the　cardiac　end　of　the　stomach　and　had　caused　violent　hematemesis。　Death　occurred　seventeen　hours　after　the　first　urgent　symptoms。

In　the　Museum　of　the　Royal　College　of　Surgeons　in　London　there　is　an　intestinal　concretion　weighing　470　grains；　which　was　passed　by　a　woman　of　seventy　who　had　suffered　from　constipation　for　many　years。　Sixteen　years　before　the　concretion　was　passed　she　was　known　to　have　swallowed　a　tooth。　At　one　side　of　the　concretion　a　piece　had　been　broken　off　exposing　an　incisor　tooth　which　represented　the　nucleus　of　the　formation。　Manasse　recently　reported　the　case　of　a　man　of　forty…four　whose　stomach　contained　a　stone　weighing　75　grams。　He　was　a　joiner　and；　it　was　supposed；　habitually　drank　some　alcoholic　solution　of　shellac　used　in　his　trade。　Quite　likely　the　shellac　had　been　precipitated　in　the　stomach　and　gave　rise　to　the　calculus。

Berwick　mentions　a　child　of　eight　months　who　was　playing　with　a　detached　organ…handle；　and　put　it　in　its　mouth。　Seeing　this　the　mother　attempted　to　secure　the　handle；　but　it　was　pushed　into　the　esophagus。　A　physician　was　called；　but　nothing　was　done；　and　the　patient　seemed　to　suffer　little　inconvenience。　Three　days　later　the　handle　was　expelled　from　the　anus。　Teakle　reports　the　successful　passage　through　the　alimentary　canal　of　the　handle　of　a　music…box。　Hashimoto；　Surgeon…General　of　the　Imperial　Japanese　Army；　tells　of　a　woman　of　forty…nine　who　was　in　the　habit　of　inducing　vomiting　by　irritating　her　fauces　and　pharynx　with　a　Japanese　toothbrusha　wooden　instrument　six　or　seven　inches　long　with　bristles　at　one　end。　In　May；　1872；　she　accidentally　swallowed　this　brush。　Many　minor　symptoms　developed；　and　in　eleven　months　there　appeared　in　the　epigastric　region　a　fluctuating　swelling；　which　finally　burst；　and　from　it　extended　the　end　of　the　brush。　After　vainly　attempting　to　extract　the　brush　the　attending　physician　contented　himself　with　cutting　off　the　projecting　portion。　The　opening　subsequently　healed；　and　not　until　thirteen　years　later　did　the　pain　and　swelling　return。　On　admission　to　the　hospital　in　October；　1888；　two　fistulous　openings　were　seen　in　the　epigastric　region；　and　the　foreign　body　was　located　by　probing。　Finally；　on　November　19；　1888；　the　patient　was　anesthetized；　one　of　the　openings　enlarged；　and　the　brush　extracted。　Five　weeks　later　the　openings　had　all　healed　and　the　patient　was　restored　to　health。

Garcia　reports　an　interesting　instance　of　foreign　body　in　a　man　between　forty…five　and　fifty。　This　man　was　afflicted　with　a　syphilitic　affection　of　the　mouth；　and　he　constructed　a　swab　ten　inches　long　with　which　to　cleanse　his　fauces。　While　making　the　application　alone　one　day；　a　spasmodic　movement　caused　him　to　relinquish　his　grasp　on　the　handle；　and　the　swab　disappeared。　He　was　almost　suffocated；　and　a　physician　was　summoned；　but　before　his　arrival　the　swab　had　descended　into　the　esophagus。　Two　weeks　later；　gastro…peritoneal　symptoms　presented；　and　as　the　stick　was　located；　gastrotomy　was　proposed；　the　patient；　however；　would　not　consent　to　an　operation。　On　the　twenty…sixth　day　an　abscess　formed　on　the　left　side　below　the　nipple；　and　from　it　was　discharged　a　large　quantity　of　pus　and　blood。　Four　days　after　this；　believing　himself　to　be　better；　the　man　began　to　redress　the　wound；　and　from　it　he　saw　the　end　of　a　stick　protruding。　A　physician　was　called；　and　by　traction　the　stick　was　withdrawn　from　between　the　3d　and　4th　ribs；　forty…nine　days　after　the　accident　the　wound　had　healed　completely。　Two　years　afterward　the　patient　had　an　attack　of　cholera；　but　in　the　fifteen　subsequent　years　he　lived　an　active　life　of　labor。

Occasionally　an　enormous　mass　of　hair　has　been　removed　from　the　stomach。　A　girl　of　twenty　a　with　a　large　abdominal　swelling　was　admitted　to　a　hospital。　Her　illness　began　five　years　previously；　with　frequent　attacks　of　vomiting；　and　on　three　occasions　it　was　noticed　that　she　became　quite　bald。　Abdominal　section　was　performed；　the　stomach　opened；　and　from　it　was　removed　a　mass　of　hair　which　weighed　five　pounds　and　three　ounces。　A　good　recovery　ensued。　In　the　Museum　of　St。　George's　Hospital；　London；　are　masses　of　hair　and　string　taken　from　the　stomach　and　duodenum　of　a　girl　of　ten。　It　is　said　that　from　the　age　of　three　the　patient　had　been　in　the　habit　of　eating　these　articles。　There　is　a　record　in　the　last　century　of　a　boy　of　sixteen　who　ate　all　the　hair　he　could　find；　after　death　his　stomach　and　intestines　were　almost　completely　lined　with　hairy　masses。　In　the　Journal　of　the　American　Medical　Association；　March　1；　1896；　there　is　a　report　of　a　case　of　hair…swallowing。

Foreign　Bodies　in　the　Intestines。White　relates　the　history　of　a　case　in　which　a　silver　spoon　was　swallowed　and　successfully　excised　from　the　intestinal　canal。　Houston　mentions　a　maniac　who　swallowed　a　rusty　iron　spoon　11　inches　long。　Fatal　peritonitis　ensued　and　the　spoon　was　found　impacted　in　the　last　acute　turn　of　the　duodenum。　In　1895；　in　London；　there　was　exhibited　a　specimen；　including　the　end　of　the　ileum　with　the　adjacent　end　of　the　colon；　showing　a　dessert　spoon　which　was　impacted　in　the　latter。　The　spoon　was　seven　inches　long；　and　its　bowl　measured　1　1/2　inches　across。　There　was　much　ulceration　of　the　mucous　membrane。　This　spoon　had　been　swallowed　by　a　lunatic　of　twenty…two；　who　had　made　two　previous　ineffectual　attempts　at　suicide。　Mason　describes　the　case　of　a　man　of　sixty…five　who；　after　death　by　strangulated　hernia；　was　opened；　and　two　inches　from　the　ileocecal　valve　was　found　an　earthen　egg…cup　which　he　had　swallowed。　Mason　also　relates　the　instance　of　a　man　who　swallowed　metal　balls　2　1/2　inches　in　diameter；　and　the　case　of　a　Frenchman　who；　to　prevent　the　enemy　from　finding　them；　swallowed　a　box　containing　despatches　from　Napoleon。　He　was　kept　prisoner　until　the　despatches　were　passed　from　his　bowels。　Denby　discovered　a　large　egg…cup　in　the　ileum　of　a　man。　Fillion　mentions　an　i