anomalies and curiosities of medicine-第19部分

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abdomen；　the　front　and　inside　of　the　thighs　to　the　knees；　the　external　genitals；　and　the　left　arm。　Artificial　delivery　was　deemed　necessary；　and　a　dead　child；　seemingly　burned　much　like　its　mother；　except　less　intensely；　was　delivered。　There　was　also　one　large　blister　near　the　inner　canthus　of　the　eye　and　some　large　blisters　about　the　neck　and　throat　which　the　mother　did　not　show。　There　was　no　history　of　syphilis　nor　of　any　eruptive　fever　in　the　mother；　who　died　on　the　tenth　day　with　tetanus。

Graham　describes　a　woman　of　thirty…five；　the　mother　of　seven　children；　who　while　pregnant　was　feeding　some　rabbits；　when　one　of　the　animals　jumped　at　her　with　its　eyes　〃glaring〃　upon　her；　causing　a　sudden　fright。　Her　child　was　born　hydrocephalic。　Its　mouth　and　face　were　small　and　rabbit…shaped。　Instead　of　a　nose；　it　had　a　fleshy　growth　3/4　inch　long　by　1/4　inch　broad；　directed　upward　at　an　angle　of　45　degrees。　The　space　between　this　and　the　mouth　was　occupied　by　a　body　resembling　an　adult　eye。　Within　this　were　two　small；　imperfect　eyes　which　moved　freely　while　life　lasted　（ten　minutes）。　The　child's　integument　was　covered　with　dark；　downy；　short　hair。　The　woman　recovered　and　afterward　bore　two　normal　children。

Parvin　mentions　an　instance　of　the　influence　of　maternal　impression　in　the　causation　of　a　large；　vivid；　red　mark　or　splotch　on　the　face：　〃When　the　mother　was　in　Ireland　she　was　badly　frightened　by　a　fire　in　which　some　cattle　were　burned。　Again；　during　the　early　months　of　her　pregnancy　she　was　frightened　by　seeing　another　woman　suddenly　light　the　fire　with　kerosene；　and　at　that　time　became　firmly　impressed　with　the　idea　that　her　child　would　be　marked。〃　Parvin　also　pictures　the　〃turtle…man；〃　an　individual　with　deformed　extremities；　who　might　be　classed　as　an　ectromelus；　perhaps　as　a　phocomelus；　or　seal…like　monster。　According　to　the　story；　when　the　mother　was　a　few　weeks　pregnant　her　husband；　a　coarse；　rough　fisherman；　fond　of　rude　jokes；　put　a　large　live　turtle　in　the　cupboard。　In　the　twilight　the　wife　went　to　the　cupboard　and　the　huge　turtle　fell　out；　greatly　startling　her　by　its　hideous　appearance　as　it　fell　suddenly　to　the　floor　and　began　to　move　vigorously。

Copeland　mentions　a　curious　case　in　which　a　woman　was　attacked　by　a　rattlesnake　when　in　her　sixth　month　of　pregnancy；　and　gave　birth　to　a　child　whose　arm　exhibited　the　shape　and　action　of　a　snake；　and　involuntarily　went　through　snake…like　movements。　The　face　and　mouth　also　markedly　resembled　the　head　of　a　snake。

The　teeth　were　situated　like　a　serpent's　fangs。　The　mere　mention　of　a　snake　filled　the　child　（a　man　of　twenty…nine）　with　great　horror　and　rage；　〃particularly　in　the　snake　season。〃　Beale　gives　the　history　of　a　case　of　a　child　born　with　its　left　eye　blackened　as　by　a　blow；　whose　mother　was　struck　in　a　corresponding　portion　of　the　face　eight　hours　before　confinement。　There　is　on　record　an　account　of　a　young　man　of　twenty…one　suffering　from　congenital　deformities　attributed　to　the　fact　that　his　mother　was　frightened　by　a　guinea…pig　having　been　thrust　into　her　face　during　pregnancy。　He　also　had　congenital　deformity　of　the　right　auricle。　At　the　autopsy；　all　the　skin；　tissues；　muscles；　and　bones　were　found　involved。　Owen　speaks　of　a　woman　who　was　greatly　excited　ten　months　previously　by　a　prurient　curiosity　to　see　what　appearance　the　genitals　of　her　brother　presented　after　he　had　submitted　to　amputation　of　the　penis　on　account　of　carcinoma。　The　whole　penis　had　been　removed。　The　woman　stated　that　from　the　time　she　had　thus　satisfied　herself；　her　mind　was　unceasingly　engaged　in　reflecting　and　sympathizing　on　the　forlorn　condition　of　her　brother。　While　in　this　mental　state　she　gave　birth　to　a　son　whose　penis　was　entirely　absent；　but　who　was　otherwise　well　and　likely　to　live。　The　other　portions　of　the　genitals　were　perfect　and　well　developed。　The　appearance　of　the　nephew　and　the　uncle　was　identical。　A　most　peculiar　case　is　stated　by　Clerc　as　occurring　in　the　experience　of　Kuss　of　Strasburg。　A　woman　had　a　negro　paramour　in　America　with　whom　she　had　had　sexual　intercourse　several　times。　She　was　put　in　a　convent　on　the　Continent；　where　she　stayed　two　years。　On　leaving　the　convent　she　married　a　white　man；　and　nine　months　after　she　gave　birth　to　a　dark…skinned　child。　The　supposition　was　that　during　her　abode　in　the　convent　and　the　nine　months　subsequently　she　had　the　image　of　her　black　paramour　constantly　before　her。　Loin　speaks　of　a　woman　who　was　greatly　impressed　by　the　actions　of　a　clown　at　a　circus；　and　who　brought　into　the　world　a　child　that　resembled　the　fantastic　features　of　the　clown　in　a　most　striking　manner。

Mackay　describes　five　cases　in　which　fright　produced　distinct　marks　on　the　fetus。　There　is　a　case　mentioned　in　which　a　pregnant　woman　was　informed　that　an　intimate　friend　had　been　thrown　from　his　horse；　the　immediate　cause　of　death　was　fracture　of　the　skull；　produced　by　the　corner　of　a　dray　against　which　the　rider　was　thrown。　The　mother　was　profoundly　impressed　by　the　circumstance；　which　was　minutely　described　to　her　by　an　eye…witness。　Her　child　at　birth　presented　a　red　and　sensitive　area　upon　the　scalp　corresponding　in　location　with　the　fatal　injury　in　the　rider。　The　child　is　now　an　adult　woman；　and　this　area　upon　the　scalp　remains　red　and　sensitive　to　pressure；　and　is　almost　devoid　of　hair。　Mastin　of　Mobile；　Alabama；　reports　a　curious　instance　of　maternal　impression。　During　the　sixth　month　of　the　pregnancy　of　the　mother　her　husband　was　shot；　the　ball　passing　out　through　the　left　breast。　The　woman　was　naturally　much　shocked；　and　remarked　to　Dr。　Mastin：　〃Doctor；　my　baby　will　be　ruined；　for　when　I　saw　the　wound　I　put　my　hands　over　my　face；　and　got　it　covered　with　blood；　and　I　know　my　baby　will　have　a　bloody　face。〃　The　child　came　to　term　without　a　bloody　face。　It　had；　however；　a　well…defined　spot　on　the　left　breast　just　below　the　site　of　exit　of　the　ball　from　its　father's　chest。　The　spot　was　about　the　size　of　a　silver　half…dollar；　and　had　elevated　edges　of　a　bright　red　color；　and　was　quite　visible　at　the　distance　of　one　hundred　feet。　The　authors　have　had　personal　communication　with　Dr。　Mastin　in　regard　to　this　case；　which　he　considers　the　most　positive　evidence　of　a　case　of　maternal　impression　that　he　has　ever　met。

Paternal　Impressions。Strange　as　are　the　foregoing　cases；　those　of　paternal　impression　eclipse　them。　Several　are　on　record；　but　none　are　of　sufficient　authenticity　to　warrant　much　discussion　on　the　subject。　Those　below　are　given　to　illustrate　the　method　of　report。　Stahl；　quoted　by　Steinan；　1843；　speaks　of　the　case　of　a　child；　the　father　being　a　soldier　who　lost　an　eye　in　the　war。　The　child　was　born　with　one　of　its　eyes　dried　up　in　the　orbit；　in　this　respect　presenting　an　appearance　like　that　of　the　father。　Schneider　says　a　man　whose　wife　was　expecting　confinement　dreamt　that　his　oldest　son　stood　beside　his　bedside　with　his　genitals　much　mutilated　and　bleeding。　He　awoke　in　a　great　state　of　agitation；　and　a　few　days　later　the　wife　was　delivered　of　a　child　with　exstrophy　of　the　bladder。　Hoare　recites　the　curious　story　of　a　man　who　vowed　that　if　his　next　child　was　a　daughter　he　would　never　speak　to　it。　The　child　proved　to　be　a　son；　and　during　the　whole　of　the　father's　life　nothing　could　induce　the　son　to　speak　to　his　father；　nor；　in　fact；　to　any　other　male　person；　but　after　the　father's　death　he　talked　fluently　to　both　men　and　women。　Clark　reports　the　birth　of　a　child　whose　father　had　a　stiff　knee…joint；　and　the　child's　knee　was　stiff　and　bent　in　exactly　the　same　position　as　that　of　its　father。

Telegony。The　influence　of　the　paternal　seed　on　the　physical　and　mental　constitution　of　the　child　is　well　known。　To　designate　this　condition；　Telegony　is　the　word　that　was　coined　by　Weismann　in　his　〃Das　Keimplasma；〃　and　he　defines　it　as　〃Infection　of　the　Germ；〃　and；　at　another　time；　as　〃Those　doubtful　instances　in　which　the　offspring　is　said　to　resemble；　not　the　father；　but　an　early　mate　of　the　mother；〃or；　in　other　words；　the　alleged　influence　of　a　previous　sire　on　the　progeny　produced　by　a　subsequent　one　from　the　same　mother。　In　a　systematic　discussion　of　telegony　before　the　Royal　Medical　Society；　Edinburgh；　on　March　1；　1895；　Brunton　Blaikie；　as　a　means　of　making　the　definition　of　telegony　plainer　by　practical　example；　prefaced　his　remarks　by　citing　the　classic　example　which　first　drew　the　attention　of　the　modern　scientific　world　to　this　phenomenon。　The　facts　of　this　case　were　communicated　in　a　letter　from　the　Earl　of　Morton　to　the　President　of　the　Royal　Society　in　1821；　and　were　as　follows：　In　the　year　1816　Lord　Morton　put　a　male　quagga　to　a　young　chestnut　mare　of　7/8　Arabian　blood；　which　had　never　before　been　bred　from。　The　result　was　a　female　hybrid　which　resembled　both　parents。　He　now　sold　the　mare　to　Sir　Gore　Ousley；　who　two　years　after　she　bore　the　hybrid　put　her　to　a　black　Arabian　horse。　During　the　two　following　years　she　had　two　foals　which　Lord　Morton　thus　describes：　〃They　have　the　character　of　the　Arabian　breed　as　decidedly　as　can　be　expected　when　15/16　of　the　blood　are　Arabian；　and　they　are　fine　specimens　of　the　breed；　but　both　in　their　color　and　in　the　hair　of　their　manes　they　have　a　striking　resemblance　to　the　quagga。　Their　color　is　bay；　marked　more　or　less　like　the　quagga　in　a　darker　tint。　Both　are　distinguished　by　the　dark　line　along　the　ridge　of　the　back；　the　dark　stripes　across　the　forehand；　and　the　dark　bars　across　the　back　part　of　the　legs。〃　The　President　of　the　Royal　Society　saw　the　foals　and　verified　Lord　Morton's　statement。

〃Herbert　Spencer；　in　the　Contemporary　Review　for　May；　1893；　gives　several　cases　communicated　to　him　by　his　friend　Mr。　Fookes；　whom　Spencer　says　is　often　appointed　judge　of　animals　at　agricultural　shows。　After　giving　various　examples　he　goes　on　to　say：　'A　friend　of　mine　near　this　had　a　valuable　Dachshund　bitch；　which　most　unfortunately　had　a　litter　by　a　stray　sheep…dog。　The　next　year　the　owner　sent　her　on　a　visit　to　a　pure　Dachshund　dog；　but　the　produce　took　quite　as　much　of　the　first　father　as　the　second；　and　the　next　year　he　sent　her　to　another　Dachshund；　with　the　same　result。　Another　case：　A　friend　of　mine　in　Devizes　had　a　litter　of　puppies　unsought　for；　by　a　setter　from　a　favorite　pointer　bitch；　and　after　this　she　never　bred