bird neighbors-第5部分
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House Wren。 Tree Swallow。 Carolina Wren。 Rough…winged Swallow。 Long…billed Marsh Wren。 Red…eyed Vireo。 Short…billed Marsh Wren。 White…eyed Vireo。 Alice's Thrush。 Solitary Vireo。 Hermit Thrush。 Warbling Vireo。 Olive…backed Thrush。 Yellow…throated Vireo。 Wilson's Thrush or Veery。 Black…and…white Warbler。 Wood Thrush。 Black…throated Green Warbler。 Meadowlark。 Blue…winged Warbler。 Western Meadowlark。 Chestnut…sided Warbler。 Prairie Horned Lark。 Golden…winged Warbler。 White…breasted Nuthatch。 Hooded Warbler。 Chickadee。 Pine Warbler。 Tufted Titmouse。 Prairie Warbler。 Chewink。 Parula Warbler。 Purple Finch。 Worm…eating Warbler。 Goldfinch。 Yellow Warbler。 Cardinal。 Redstart。 Robin。 Ovenbird。 Bluebird。 Northern Water Thrush。 Cedar…Bird。 Louisiana Water Thrush。 Loggerhead Shrike。
SPRING AND AUTUMN MIGRANTS ONLY； OR RARE SUMMER VISITORS
The following Warblers： Bay…breasted。 Nashville。 Blackburnian。 Wilson's Black…capped。 Black…polled。 Palm。 Black…throated Blue。 Yellow Palm。 Canadian。 Magnolia。 Blue…gray Gnatcatcher。 Mourning。 Summer Tanager。 Myrtle。
MIGRATIONS OF BIRDS IN VICINITY OF NEW YORK
FEBRUARY 15 TO MARCH 15
Bluebird； Robin； the Grackles； Song Sparrow； Fox Sparrow； Red…winged Blackbird； Kingfisher； Flicker； Purple Finch。
MARCH 15 TO APRIL 1
Increased numbers of foregoing group； Cowbird； Meadowlark； Phoebe； the Field； the Vesper； and the Swamp Sparrows。
APRIL 1 TO 15
The White…throated and the Chipping Sparrows； the Tree and the Barn Swallows； Rusty Blackbird； the Red…headed and the Yellow…bellied Woodpeckers； Hermit Thrush； Ruby…crowned Kinglet； Pipit； the Pine； the Myrtle； and the Yellow Palm Warblers； Goldfinch。
APRIL 15 TO MAY 1
Increased numbers of foregoing group； Brown Thrasher； Alice's； the Olive…backed； and the Wood Thrushes； Chimney Swift； Whippoorwill； Chewink； the Purple Martin； and the Cliff and the Bank Swallows； Least Flycatcher； the Black…and…white Creeping； the Parula； and the Black…throated Green Warblers； Ovenbird； House Wren； Catbird。
MAY 1 TO 15
Increased numbers of foregoing group； Wilson's Thrush or Veery； Nighthawk； Ruby…throated Humming…bird； the Cuckoos； Crested Flycatcher； Kingbird； Wood Pewee； the Marsh Wrens； Bank Swallow； the five Vireos； the Baltimore and Orchard Orioles； Bobolink； Indigo Bird； Rose…breasted Grosbeak； Scarlet Tanager； Maryland Yellowthroat； Yellow…breasted Chat； the Water Thrushes； and the Magnolia； the Yellow； the Black…throated Blue； the Bay…breasted； the Chestnut…sided； and the Golden…winged Warblers。
MAY 15 TO JUNE 1。
Increased numbers of foregoing group； Yellow…bellied Flycatcher； Mocking…bird； Summer Tanager； and the Blackburnian； the Blackpoll； the Worm…eating； the Hooded； Wilson's Blackcapped； and Canadian Warblers。
JUNE； JULY； AUGUST
In June few species of birds are not nesting； in July they may rove about more or less with their increased families； searching for their favorite foods； August finds them moulting and moping in silence； but toward the end of the month； thoughts of returning southward set them astir again。
AUGUST 15 TO SEPTEMBER 15
Bobolink； Cliff Swallow； Scarlet Tanager； Yellow…bellied Flycatcher； Purple Martin； the Blackburnian； the Worm…eating； the Bay…breasted； the Chestnut…sided； the Hooded； the Mourning； Wilson's Black…capped； and the Canadian Warblers； Baltimore Oriole。 Humming…bird。
SEPTEMBER 15 TO OCTOBER 1
Increased numbers of foregoing group； Wilson's Thrush； Wood Thrush； Kingbird； Wood Pewee； Crested Flycatcher； the Least； the Olive…sided； and the Acadian Flycatchers； the Marsh Wrens； the Cuckoos； Whippoorwill； Rose…breasted Grosbeak； Orchard Oriole； Indigo Bird； the Warbling； the Solitary； and the Yellow…throated Vireos； the Black…and…white Creeping； the Golden…winged； the Yellow； and the Black…throated Blue Warblers； Maryland Yellowthroat； Yellow…breasted Chat； Redstart。
OCTOBER 1 TO 15
Increased numbers of foregoing group； Hermit Thrush； Catbird； House Wren； Ovenbird； the Water Thrushes； the Red…eyed and the White…eyed Vireos； Wood Pewee； Nighthawk； Chimney Swift； Cowbird； Horned Lark； Winter Wren； Junco； the Tree； the Vesper； the White…throated； and the Grasshopper Sparrows； the Blackpoll； the Parula； the Pine； the Yellow Palm； and the Prairie Warblers； Chickadee； Tufted Titmouse。
OCTOBER 15 TO NOVEMBER 15
Increased numbers of foregoing group； Wood Thrush； Wilson's Thrush or Veery； Alice's Thrush； Olive…backed Thrush； Robin； Chewink； Brown Thrasher； Phoebe； Shrike； the Fox； the Field； the Swamp； the Savanna； the White…crowned； the Chipping； and the Song Sparrows； the Red…winged and the Rusty Blackbirds； Meadowlark； the Grackles； Flicker； the Red…headed and the Yellow…bellied Woodpeckers； Purple Finch； the Kinglets。 the Nuthatches； Pine Siskin。
IV。 BIRDS GROUPED ACCORDING TO SIZE
SMALLER THAN THE ENGLISH SPARROW
Humming…bird。 The Redpolls。 The Kinglets。 Goldfinch。 The Wrens。 Pine Siskin。 All the Warblers not Savanna Sparrow。 mentioned elsewhere。 Grasshopper Sparrow。 Redstart。 Sharp…tailed Sparrow。 Ovenbird。 Chipping Sparrow。 Chickadee。 Field Sparrow。 Tufted Titmouse。 Swamp Song Sparrow。 Red…breasted Nuthatch。 Indigo…Bunting。 White…breasted Nuthatch。 Warbling Vireo。 Blue…gray Gnatcatcher。 Yellow…throated Vireo。 Yellow…bellied Flycatcher。 Red…eyed Vireo。 Acadian Flycatcher。 White…eyed Vireo。 Least Flycatcher。 Brown Creeper。
ABOUT THE SIZE OF THE ENGLISH SPARROW
Purple Finch。 Junco。 The Crossbills。 Song Sparrow。 The Longspurs。 Solitary Vireo。 Vesper Sparrow。 The Water…thrushes。 Seaside Sparrow。 Pipit or Titlark。 Tree Sparrow。 Downy Woodpecker。
LARGER THAN THE ENGLISH SPARROW AND SMALLER THAN THE ROBIN
Yellow…bellied Woodpecker。 Kingbird。 Chimney Swift （apparently）。 Crested Flycatcher。 The Swallows （apparently）。 Phoebe。 Olive…sided Flycatcher； Snowflake。 Wood Pewee。 White…crowned Sparrow。 Horned Lark White…throated Sparrow。 Bobolink。 Fox Sparrow Cowbird。 The Tanagers Orchard Oriole。 Cedar Bird。 Baltimore Oriole。 Bohemian Waxwing。 The Grosbeaks： Evening； Blue； Yellow…breasted Chat。 Pine； Rose…breasted； The Thrushes。 and Cardinal。 Bluebird。
ABOUT THE LENGTH OF THE ROBIN。
Red…headed Woodpecker。 Northern Shrike。 Hairy Woodpecker。 Mocking…bird。 Red…winged Blackbird。 Catbird。 Rusty Blackbird。 Chewink。 Loggerhead Shrike。 Purple Martin （apparently）。 Starling。
LONGER THAN THE ROBIN
Mourning Dove。 Blue Jay。 The Cuckoos。 Canada Jay。 Kingfisher。 Meadowlark。 Flicker。 Whippoorwill （apparently）。 Raven。 Nighthawk （apparently）。 Crow。 The Grackles。 Fish Crow。 Brown Thrasher。
V。 DESCRIPTIONS OF BIRDS
GROUPED ACCORDING TO COLOR
BIRDS CONSPICUOUSLY BLACK
Common Crow。 Fish Crow。 American Raven。 Purple Grackle。 Bronzed Grackle。 Rusty Blackbird。 Red…winged Blackbird。 Purple Martin。 Cowbird。 Starling。
See also several of the Swallows； the Kingbird； the Phoebe； the Wood Pewee and other Flycatchers； the Chimney Swift； and the Chewink。
BIRDS CONSPICUOUSLY BLACK
COMMON CROW
（Corvus americanus） Crow family
Called also： CORN THIEF； ＇AMERICAN CROW； AOU 1998＇
Length 16 to 17。50 inches。 Male Glossy black with violet reflections。 Wings appear saw…toothed when spread； and almost equal the tail in length。 Female Like male； except that the black is less brilliant。 Range Throughout North America； from Hudson Bay to the Gulf of Mexico。 Migrations March。 October。 Summer and winter resident。
If we have an eye for the picturesque； we place a certain value upon the broad； strong dash of color in the landscape； given by a flock of crows flapping their course above a corn…field； against an October sky； but the practical eye of the farmer looks only for his gun in such a case。 To him the crow is an unmitigated nuisance； all the more maddening because it is clever enough to circumvent every means devised for its ruin。 Nothing escapes its rapacity； fear is unknown to it。 It migrates in broad daylight； chooses the most conspicuous perches； and yet its assurance is amply justified in its steadily increasing numbers。
In the very early spring； note well the friendly way in which the crow follows the plow； ingratiating itself by eating the larvae； field mice； and worms upturned in the furrows； for this is its one serviceable act throughout the year。 When the first brood of chickens is hatched； its serious depredations begin。 Not only the farmer's young fledglings； ducks； turkeys； and chicks； are snatched up and devoured； but the nests of song birds are made desolate； eggs being crushed and eaten on the spot； when there are no birds to carry off to the rickety； coarse nest in the high tree top in the woods。 The fish crow； however； is the much greater enemy of the birds。 Like the common crows； this； their smaller cousin； likes to congregate in winter along the seacoast to feed upon shell…fish and other sea…food that the tide brings to its feet。
Samuels claims to have seen a pair of crows visit an orchard and destroy the young in two robins' nests in half an hour。 He calculates that two crows kill； in one day alone； young birds that in the course of the season would have eaten a hund
