the origins of contemporary france-5-第31部分

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after。



＇6＇　Cf。　〃The　Revolution；〃　III。；　book　IX。；　ch。　I。　…　Rocquain；　passim。　…

Schmidt；　〃Tableaux　de　la　Révolution　fran？aise；〃　III。；　parts　9　and　10。

…　Archives　nationales；　F7；　3250　（Letter　of　the　commissioner　of　the

executive　directory；　Fructidor　23；　year　VII）：　〃Armed　mobs　on　the　road

between　Saint…Omer　and　Arras　have　dared　fire　on　the　diligences　and

rescue　from　the　gendarmerie　the　drawn　conscripts。〃　…　Ibid。；　F7；　6565。

Only　on　Seine…inferiure；　of　which　the　following　are　some　of　the

reports　of　the　gendarmerie　for　one　year。　…　Messidor；　year　VII；

seditious　mobs　of　conscripts　and　others　in　the　cantons　of　Motteville

and　Doudeville。　〃What　shows　the　perverted　spirit　of　the　communes　of

Gremonville　and　of　Héronville　is　that　none　of　the　inhabitants　will

make　any　declaration；　while　it　is　impossible　that　they　should　not　have

been　in　the　rebels'　secrets。〃　…　Similar　mobs　in　the　communes　of

Guerville；　Mi1lebose；and　in　the　forest　of　Eu：　〃It　is　stated　that　they

have　leaders；　and　that　drilling　goes　on　under　their　orders。　…

Vendémiarie　27；　year　VIII。）　〃Twenty…five　armed　brigands　or　drafted　men

in　the　cantons　of　Réauté　and　Bolbec　have　put　farmers　to　ransom。〃　…

（Niv？se　12~　year　VIII。）　In　the　canton　of　Cuny　another　band　of　brigands

do　the　same　thing。　…　（Germinal　14；　year　VIII。）　Twelve　brigands　stop

the　diligence　between　Neufchatel　and　Rouen；　a　few　days　after；　the

diligence　between　Rouen　and　Paris　is　stopped　and　three　of　the　escort

are　killed。　…　Analogous　scenes　and　mobs　in　the　other　departments。



＇7＇　〃Souvenirs〃；　by　PASQUIER　（Etienne…Dennis；　duc）；　Librarie　Plon；

Paris　1893。　　I。；　260。　Under　the　Directory；〃　one　day；　in　order　to

dispatch　a　special　courier；　the　receipts　of　the　Opera　had　to　be　taken

because　they　were　in　coin。　Another　day；　it　was　on　the　point　of　sending

every　gold　piece　in　the　musée　of　medals　to　be　melted　down　（worth　in

the　crucible　from　5000　to　6000　francs）。〃



＇8＇　〃Théorie　constitutionnelle　de　Sieyès。〃　（Extract　from　unpublished

memoirs　by　Boulay　de　la　Meurthe。）　Paris；　1866；　Renouard。



＇9＇　〃Correspondance　de　Napoleon　1er；〃　XXX。。　345。　（〃Mémoires。〃）　…

〃Mémorial　de　Sainte…Hélène



＇10＇　〃Extrait　des　Mémoires〃　de　Boulay　de　la　Meurthe；　p。50。　（Words　of

Bonaparte　to　Roederer　about　Sieyès；　who　raised　objections　and　wanted

to　retire。）　〃If　Sieyès　goes　into　the　country；　draw　up　for　me　at　once

the　plan　of　a　constitution。　I　will　summon　the　primary　assemblies　in　a

week　and　make　them　accept　it　after　discharging　the　（Constituant）

committees。〃



＇11＇　〃Correspondance　de　Napoléon　ler〃　XXX。；　345；　346。　（〃Mémoires。〃）

〃Circumstances　were　such　as　to　still　make　it　necessary　to　disguise　the

unique　magistracy　of　the　president。〃



＇12＇　The　Revolution；〃　III。；　458；　417。　…　〃　Mercure　britannique；〃　nos。

for　November　1798　and　January　1799。　（Letters　from　Belgium。）　…　〃　More

than　300　millions　have　been　seized　by　force　in　these　desolated

provinces；　there　is　not　a　landowner　whose　fortune　has　not　been　ruined；

or　sequestrated；　or　fatally　sapped　by　forced　levies　and　the　flood　of

taxes　which　followed　these；　by　robberies　of　movable　property　and　the

bankruptcy　due　to　France　having　discredited　claims　on　the　emperor　and

on　the　governments；　in　short　through　confiscation。〃　…　The　insurrection

breaks　out；　as　in　Vendée；　on　account　of　the　conscription；　the　war…cry

of　the　insurgents　is；　〃Better　die　here　than　elsewhere。〃



＇13＇　De　Martel；　〃Les　Historiens　fantaisistes；〃　part　2　（on　the

Pacification　of　the　West；　according　to　reports　of　the　royalist　leaders

and　of　the　republican　generals）。



＇14＇　Archives　nationales；　F7；　3218。　（Summary　of　dispatches　arranged

according　to　dates。…Letters　of　Adjutant…General　Vicose；　Fructidor　3；

year　VII。　…　Letters　of　Lamagdelaine；　commissioner　of　the　executive

Directory；　Thermidor　26　and　Fructidor　3；　year　VII。）　…　〃　The　rascals

who　led　the　people　astray　had　promised　them；　in　the　King's　name；　that

they　should　not　be　called　on　for　further　taxes；　that　the　conscripts

and　requisitionnaires　should　not　leave；　and；　finally；　that　they　should

have　the　priests　they　wanted。〃　…　　Near　Montréjean　〃the　carnage　was

frightful；　nearly　2000　men　slain　or　drowned　and　1000　prisoners。〃　…

（Letter　of　M。　Alquier　to　the　first　consul；　Pluvi？se　18；　year　VIII。）

〃The　insurrection　of　Thermidor　caused　the　loss　of　3000　cultivators。　　…

（Letters　of　the　department　administrators　and　of　the　government

commissioners；　Niv？se　25　and　27；　Pluvi？se　13；　15；　25；　27；　and　30；　year

VIII。）　…　The　insurrection　is　prolonged　through　a　vast　number　of

isolated　outrages；　with　sabers　or　guns；　against　republican

functionaries　and　partisans；　justices　of　the　peace；　mayors；　etc。　In

the　commune　of　Balbèze；　fifty　conscripts；　armed　deserters　with　their

knapsacks；　impose　requisitions　；give　balls　on　Sunday；　and　make

patriots　give　up　their　arms。　Elsewhere；　this　or　that　known　patriot　is

assaulted　in　his　house　by　a　band　of　ten　or　a　dozen　young　folks　who

make　him　pay　a　ransom；　shout　〃Vive　le　Roi！〃　etc。　…　Cf。　〃Histoire　de　I'

insurrection　royaliste　de　l'an　VII；〃　by　B。　Lavigne；　1887。



＇15＇　Archives　nationales；　F7；　3273　（Letter　of　the　commissioner　of　the

executive　Directory；　Vaucluse；　Fructidor　6；　year　VII。）：　　〃Eighty　armed

royalists　have　carried　off；　near　the　forest　of　Suze；　the　cash…box　of

the　collector；　Bouchet；　in　the　name　of　Louis　XVIII。　These　rascals；　it

must　be　noted；　did　not　take　any　of　the　money　belonging　to　the

collector　himself。〃　…　（Ibid。；　Thermidor　3；　year　VII。）　〃On　looking

around　among　our　communes　I　find　all　of　them　under　the　control　of

royalist　or　town…councillors。　That　is　the　spirit　of　the　peasants

generally。　。　。　。　Public　spirit　it　so　perverted；　so　opposed　to　the

constitutional　regime；　that　a　miracle　only　will　bring　them　within　the

pale　of　freedom。〃　…　Ibid。；　F7；　3199。　（Similar　documents　on　the

department　of　Bouches…du…Rh？ne。）　Outrages　continue　here　far　down　into

the　consulate；　in　spite　of　the　vigor　and　multitude　of　military

executions。　…　（Letter　of　the　sub…prefect　of　Tarascon；　Germinal　15；

year　IX。）　〃In　the　commune　of　Eyragues；　yesterday；　at　eight　o'clock；　a

band　of　masked　brigands　surrounded　the　mayor's　house；　while　some　of

them　entered　it　and　shot　this　public　functionary　without　anybody

daring　to　render　him　any　assistance。　。。　。　Three…quarters　of　the

inhabitants　of　Eyragues　are　royalists。〃…　In　series　F7；　7152　and　those

following　may　be　found　an　enumeration　of　political　crimes　classified

by　department　and　by　the　month；　especially　for　Messidor；　year　VII。



＇16＇　Barère；　representative　of　Hautes　Pyrénées；　had　preserved　a　good

deal　of　credit　in　this　remote　department；　especially　in　the　district

of　Argeles；　with　populations　which　knew　nothing　about　the　〃Mountain。〃

In　1805；　the　electors　presented　him　as　a　candidate　for　the　legislative

body　and　the　senate；　in　1815；　they　elected　him　deputy。



＇17＇　〃Souvenirs〃；　by　PASQUIER　（Etienne…Dennis；　duc）；　chancelier　de

France。　in　VI　volumes；　Librarie　Plon；　　Paris　1893。　I。；　158。　　At　the

time　the　concordat　was　under　consideration　the　aversion　to　〃　priest

rule〃　was　very　great　in　the　army；　there　were　secret　meetings　held

against　it。　Many　of　the　superior　officers　took　part　in　them；　and　even

some　of　the　leading　generals。　Moreau　was　aware　of　them　although　he　did

not　attend　them。　In　one　of　these　gatherings；　things　were　carried　far

enough　to　resolve　upon　the　assassination　of　the　first　consul。　A

certain　Donnadieu；　then　of　a　low　rank　in　the　army；　offered　to　strike

the　blow。　General　Oudinot；　who　was　present；　informed　Davoust；　and

Donnadieu；　imprisoned　in　the　Temple；　made　revelations。　Measures　were

at　once　taken　to　scatter　the　conspirators；　who　were　all　sent　away　more

or　less　farther　off；　some　were　arrested　and　others　exiled；　among　them

General　Mounier；　who　had　commanded　one　of　Desaix's　brigades　at

Marengo。　General　Lecourbe　was　also　one　of　the　conspirators。



＇18＇　On　the　18th　Fructidor　Napoléon　used　grape…shot　and　artillery　to

sweep　the　royalists　off　the　streets　of　Paris。　（SR。）



＇19＇　〃Extrait　des　Mémoires　de　Boulay　de　la　Meurthe；〃　p。10。



＇20＇　Napoleon's　words。　（〃Correspondance；〃　XXX。；　343；　memoirs　dictated

at　Saint　Helena。）



＇21＇　Lafayette；　〃　Mémoires；〃II。；　192。



＇22＇　Pelet　de　la　Lozère；　〃　Opinions　de　Napoléon　au　conseil　d'état；〃　p。

63　〃The　senate　is　mistaken　if　it　thinks　it　possesses　a　national　and

representative　chamber。　It　is　merely　a　constituted　authority　emanating

from　the　government　like　the　others。〃　…　Ibid。；　P。147：　〃　It　must　not　be

in　the　power　of　a　legislative　body　to　impede　government　by　refusing

taxes；　once　the　taxes　are　established　they　should　be　levied　by　simple

decrees。　The　court　of　cassation　regards　my　decrees　as　laws；　otherwise；

there　would　be　no　government。〃　（January　9；　1808。）　…　Ibid。；　p。　147：　〃

If　I　ever　had　any　fear　of　the　senate　I　had　only　to　put　fifty　young

state…councillors　into　it。〃　（December　1；　1803。）　…　Ibid。；　　p。150：　〃If

an　opposition　should　spring　up　in　the　legislative　corps　I　would　fall

back　on　the　senate　to　prorogue；　change　it；　or　break　it　up。〃　（March　29；

1806。）　…　Ibid。；　p。151：　〃Sixty　legislators　go　out　every　year　which　one

does　not　know　what　to　do　with；　those　who　do　not　get　places　go　and

grumble　in　the　departments。　I　should　like　to　have　old　land…owners

married；　in　a　certain　sense；　to　the　state　through　their　family　or

profession；　attached　by　some　tie　to　the　commonwealth。　Such　men　would

come　to　Paris　annually；　converse　with　the　emperor　in　his　own　circle；

and　be　contented　with　this　little　bit　of　vanity　relieving　the　monotony

of　their　existence。〃　（Same　date。）　…　Cf。　Thibaudeau；　〃Mémoires　sur　le

Consulat；〃　ch。　XIII。；　and　M。　de　Metternich；　〃Mémoires；〃　I。；　120　（Words

of　Napoleon　at　Dresden；　in　the　spring　of　1812）：　〃I　shall　give　the

senate　and　the　council　of　state　a　new　organization。　The　former　will

take　the　place　of　the　upper　chamber；　the　latter　that　of　the　chamber　of

deputies。　I　shall　continue　to　appoint　the　senators；　I　shall　have　the

state　councillors　elected　one…third　at　a　time　on　tripl