memoirs of general william t. sherman-2-第78部分

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n　was　beyoud　him。　　By　turning　toward　me　he　was　approaching　Davis；　and；　had　he　joined　me　as　ordered；　I　would　have　had　a　mounted　force　greatly　needed　for　Davis's　capture；　and　for　other　purposes。　Even　now　I　don't　know　that　Mr。　Stanton　wants　Davis　caught；　and　as　my　official　papers；　deemed　sacred；　are　hastily　published　to　the　world；　it　will　be　imprudent　for　me　to　state　what　has　been　done　in　that　regard。

As　the　editor　of　the　Times　has　（it　may　be）　logically　and　fairly　drawn　from　this　singular　document　the　conclusion　that　I　am　insubordinate；　I　can　only　deny　the　intention。

I　have　never　in　my　life　questioned　or　disobeyed　an　order；　though　many　and　many　a　time　have　I　risked　my　life；　health；　and　reputation；　in　obeying　orders；　or　even　hints　to　execute　plane　and　purposes；　not　to　my　liking。　　It　is　not　fair　to　withhold　from　me　the　plans　and　policy　of　Government　（if　any　there　be）；　and　expect　me　to　guess　at　them；　for　facts　and　events　appear　quite　different　from　different　stand…points。　　For　four　years　I　have　been　in　camp　dealing　with　soldiers；　and　I　can　assure　you　that　the　conclusion　at　which　the　cabinet　arrived　with　such　singular　unanimity　differs　from　mine。　　I　conferred　freely　with　the　best　officers　in　this　army　as　to　the　points　involved　in　this　controversy；　and；　strange　to　say；　they　were　singularly　unanimous　in　the　other　conclusion。　　They　will　learn　with　pain　and　amazement　that　I　am　deemed　insubordinate；　and　wanting　in　commonsense；　that　I；　who　for　four　years　have　labored　day　and　night；　winter　and　summer；　who　have　brought　an　army　of　seventy　thousand　men　in　magnificent　condition　across　a　country　hitherto　deemed　impassable；　and　placed　it　just　where　it　was　wanted；　on　the　day　appointed；　have　brought　discredit　on　our　Government！　　I　do　not　wish　to　boast　of　this；　but　I　do　say　that　it　entitled　me　to　the　courtesy　of　being　consulted；　before　publishing　to　the　world　a　proposition　rightfully　submitted　to　higher　authority　for　adjudication；　and　then　accompanied　by　statements　which　invited　the　dogs　of　the　press　to　be　let　loose　upon　me。　　It　is　true　that　non…combatants；　men　who　sleep　in　comfort　and　security　while　we　watch　on　the　distant　lines；　are　better　able　to　judge　than　we　poor　soldiers；　who　rarely　see　a　newspaper；　hardly　hear　from　our　families；　or　stop　long　enough　to　draw　our　pay。　　I　envy　not　the　task　of　〃reconstruction；〃　and　am　delighted　that　the　Secretary　of　War　has　relieved　me　of　it。

As　you　did　not　undertake　to　assume　the　management　of　the　affairs　of　this　army；　I　infer　that；　on　personal　inspection；　your　mind　arrived　at　a　different　conclusion　from　that　of　the　Secretary　of　War。　　I　will　therefore　go　on　to　execute　your　orders　to　the　conclusion；　and；　when　done；　will　with　intense　satisfaction　leave　to　the　civil　authorities　the　execution　of　the　task　of　which　they　seem　so　jealous。　　But；　as　an　honest　man　and　soldier；　I　invite　them　to　go　back　to　Nashville　and　follow　my　path；　for　they　will　see　some　things　and　hear　some　things　that　may　disturb　their　philosophy。

With　sincere　respect；

W。　T。　SHERMAN；　Major…General　commanding。

P。　S。As　Mr。　Stanton's　most　singular　paper　has　been　published；　I　demand　that　this　also　be　made　public；　though　I　am　in　no　manner　responsible　to　the　press；　but　to　the　law；　and　my　proper　superiors。　W。　T。　S。；　Major…General。


On　the　28th　I　summoned　all　the　army　and　corps　commanders　together　at　my　quarters　in　the　Governor's　mansion　at　Raleigh；　where　every　thing　was　explained　to　them；　and　all　orders　for　the　future　were　completed。　　Generals　Schofield；　Terry；　and　Kilpatrick；　were　to　remain　on　duty　in　the　Department　of　North　Carolina；　already　commanded　by　General　Schofield；　and　the　right　and　left　wings　were　ordered　to　march　under　their　respective　commanding　generals　North　by　easy　stages　to　Richmond。　　Virginia；　there　to　await　my　return　from　the　South。

On　the　29th　of　April；　with　a　part　of　my　personal　staff；　I　proceeded　by　rail　to　Wilmington；　North　Carolina；　where　I　found　Generals　Hawley　and　Potter；　and　the　little　steamer　Russia；　Captain　Smith；　awaiting　me。　　After　a　short　pause　in　Wilmington；　we　embarked；　and　proceeded　down　the　coast　to　Port　Royal　and　the　Savannah　River；　which　we　reached　on　the　1st　of　May。　　There　Captain　Hoses；　who　had　just　come　from　General　Wilson　at　Macon；　met　us；　bearing　letters　for　me　and　General　Grant；　in　which　General　Wilson　gave　a　brief　summary　of　his　operations　up　to　date。　　He　had　marched　from　Eastport；　Mississippi；　five　hundred　miles　in　thirty　days；　took　six　thousand　three　hundred　prisoners；　twenty…three　colors；　and　one　hundred　and　fifty…six　guns；　defeating　Forrest；　scattering　the　militia；　and　destroying　every　railroad；　iron　establishment；　and　factory；　in　North　Alabama　and　Georgia。〃

He　spoke　in　the　highest　terms　of　his　cavalry；　as　〃cavalry；〃　claiming　that　it　could　not　be　excelled；　and　he　regarded　his　corps　as　a　model　for　modern　cavalry　in　organization；　armament；　and　discipline。　　Its　strength　was　given　at　thirteen　thousand　five　hundred　men　and　horses　on　reaching　Macon。　　Of　course　I　was　extremely　gratified　at　his　just　confidence；　and　saw　that　all　he　wanted　for　efficient　action　was　a　sure　base　of　supply；　so　that　he　need　no　longer　depend　for　clothing；　ammunition；　food；　and　forage；　on　the　country；　which；　now　that　war　had　ceased；　it　was　our　solemn　duty　to　protect；　instead　of　plunder。　　I　accordingly　ordered　the　captured　steamer　Jeff。　Davis　to　be　loaded　with　stores；　to　proceed　at　once　up　the　Savannah　River　to　Augusta；　with　a　small　detachment　of　troops　to　occupy　the　arsenal；　and　to　open　communication　with　General　Wilson　at　Macon；　and　on　the　next　day；　May　2d；　this　steamer　was　followed　by　another　with　a　fall　cargo　of　clothing；　sugar；　coffee；　and　bread；　sent　from　Hilton　Head　by　the　department　commander；　General　Gillmore；　with　a　stronger　guard　commanded　by　General　Molineux。　　Leaving　to　General　Gillmore；　who　was　present；　and　in　whose　department　General　Wilson　was；　to　keep　up　the　supplies　at　Augusta；　and　to　facilitate　as　far　as　possible　General　Wilson's　operations　inland；　I　began　my　return　on　the　2d　of　May。　　We　went　into　Charleston　Harbor；　passing　the　ruins　of　old　Forts　Moultrie　and　Sumter　without　landing。　　We　reached　the　city　of　Charleston；　which　was　held　by　part　of　the　division　of　General　John　P。　　Hatch；　the　same　that　we　had　left　at　Pocotaligo。　　We　walked　the　old　familiar　streets…Broad；　King；　Meeting；　；etc。but　desolation　and　ruin　were　everywhere。　　The　heart　of　the　city　had　been　burned　during　the　bombardment；　and　the　rebel　garrison　at　the　time　of　its　final　evacuation　had　fired　the　railroad…depots；　which　fire　had　spread；　and　was　only　subdued　by　our　troops　after　they　had　reached　the　city。

I　inquired　for　many　of　my　old　friends；　but　they　were　dead　or　gone；　and　of　them　all　I　only　saw　a　part　of　the　family　of　Mrs。　Pettigru。　I　doubt　whether　any　city　was　ever　more　terribly　punished　than　Charleston；　but；　as　her　people　had　for　years　been　agitating　for　war　and　discord；　and　had　finally　inaugurated　the　civil　war　by　an　attack　on　the　small　and　devoted　garrison　of　Major　Anderson；　sent　there　by　the　General　Government　to　defend　them；　the　judgment　of　the　world　will　be；　that　Charleston　deserved　the　fate　that　befell　her。　Resuming　our　voyage；　we　passed　into　Cape　Fear　River　by　its　mouth　at　Fort　Caswell　and　Smithville；　and　out　by　the　new　channel　at　Fort　Fisher；　and　reached　Morehead　City　on　the　4th　of　May。　　We　found　there　the　revenue…cutter　Wayanda；　on　board　of　which　were　the　Chief…　Justice；　Mr。　Chase；　and　his　daughter　Nettie；　now　Mrs。　Hoyt。　　The　Chief…Justice　at　that　moment　was　absent　on　a　visit　to　Newbern；　but　came　back　the　next　day。　　Meantime；　by　means　of　the　telegraph；　I　was　again　in　correspondence　with　General　Schofield　at　Raleigh。　　He　had　made　great　progress　in　parolling　the　officers　and　men　of　Johnston's　army　at　Greensboro'；　but　was　embarrassed　by　the　utter　confusion　and　anarchy　that　had　resulted　from　a　want　of　understanding　on　many　minor　points；　and　on　the　political　questions　that　had　to　be　met　at　the　instant。　　In　order　to　facilitate　the　return　to　their　homes　of　the　Confederate　officers　and　men；　he　had　been　forced　to　make　with　General　Johnston　the　following　supplemental　terms；　which　were　of　course　ratified　and　approved：


MILITARY　CONVENTION　OF　APRIL　26；　1865。　SUPPLEMENTAL　TERMS。

1。　　The　field　transportation　to　be　loaned　to　the　troops　for　their　march　to　their　homes；　and　for　subsequent　use　in　their　industrial　pursuits。　　Artillery…horses　may　be　used　in　field…transportation；　if　necessary。

2。　　Each　brigade　or　separate　body　to　retain　a　number　of　arms　equal　to　one…seventh　of　its　effective　strength；　which；　when　the　troops　reach　the　capitals　of　their　states；　will　be　disposed　of　as　the　general　commanding　the　department　may　direct。

3。　　Private　horses；　and　other　private　property　of　both　officers　and　men；　to　be　retained　by　them。

4。　　The　commanding　general　of　the　Military　Division　of　West　Mississippi；　Major…General　Canby；　will　be　requested　to　give　transportation　by　water；　from　Mobile　or　New　Orleans；　to　the　troops　from　Arkansas　and　Texas。

5。　　The　obligations　of　officers　and　soldiers　to　be　signed　by　their　immediate　commanders。

6。　　Naval　forces　within　the　limits　of　General　Johnston's　command　to　be　included　in　the　terms　of　this　convention。



J。　M。　SCHOFIELD；　Major…General；　Commanding　United　States　Forces　in　North　Carolina。


J。　E。　JOHNSTON；　General；　Commanding　Confederate　States　Forces　in　North　Carolina。


The　total　number　of　prisoners　of　war　parolled　by　General　Schofield；　at　Greensboro'；　North　Carolina；　as　afterward　officially　reported；　amounted　to　。。。。。。。。　38；817

And　the　total　number　who　surrendered　in　Georgia　and　Florida；　as　reported　by　General　J。　　H。　　Wilson；　was　。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。　52；458

Aggregate　surrendered　under　the　capitulation　of　General　J。　E。　Johnston　。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。　89；270


On　the　morning　of　the　5th　I　also　received　from　General　Schofield　this　dispatch：


RALEIGH；　NORTH　CAROLINA；　May　5；　1866。

To　Major…General　W：　T。　SHERMAN；　Morehead　City：

When　General　Grant　was　here；　as　you　doubtless　recollect；　he　said　the　lines　（for　trade　and　intercourse）　had　been　extended　to　embrace　this　and　other　States　south。　　The　order；　it　seems；　has　been　modified　so　as　to　include　only　Virginia　and　Tennessee。　　I　think　it　would　be　an　act　of　wisdom　to　open　this　State　to　trade　at　once。

I　ho