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like a shopboy; in their distribution to fresh purchasers。  Such is 

the vicious circle of the traffic in weapons of war。  Another aid 

of a more metaphysical nature was ministered by the EBER to 

Tamasese; in the shape of uncountable German flags。  The full 

history of this epidemic of bunting falls to be told in the next 

chapter。  But the fact has to be chronicled here; for I believe it 

was to these flags that we owe the visit of the ADAMS; and my next 

and best authentic glance into a native camp。  The ADAMS arrived in 

Saluafata on the 26th。  On the morrow Leary and Moors landed at the 

village。  It was still occupied by Mataafas; mostly from Manono and 

Savaii; few in number; high in spirit。  The Tamasese pickets were 

meanwhile within musket range; there was maintained a steady 

sputtering of shots; and yet a party of Tamasese women were here on 

a visit to the women of Manono; with whom they sat talking and 

smoking; under the fire of their own relatives。  It was reported 

that Leary took part in a council of war; and promised to join with 

his broadside in the next attack。  It is certain he did nothing of 

the sort:  equally certain that; in Tamasese circles; he was firmly 

credited with having done so。  And this heightens the extraordinary 

character of what I have now to tell。  Prudence and delicacy alike 

ought to have forbid the camp of Tamasese to the feet of either 

Leary or Moors。  Moors was the original … there was a time when he 

had been the only … opponent of the puppet king。  Leary had driven 

him from the seat of government; it was but a week or two since he 

had threatened to bombard him in his present refuge。  Both were in 

close and daily council with his adversary; and it was no secret 

that Moors was supplying the latter with food。  They were 

partisans; it lacked but a hair that they should be called 

belligerents; it were idle to try to deny they were the most 

dangerous of spies。  And yet these two now sailed across the bay 

and landed inside the Tamasese lines at Salelesi。  On the very 

beach they had another glimpse of the artlessness of Samoan war。  

Hitherto the Tamasese fleet; being hardy and unencumbered; had made 

a fool of the huge floating forts upon the other side; and here 

they were tolling; not to produce another boat on their own pattern 

in which they had always enjoyed the advantage; but to make a new 

one the type of their enemies'; of which they had now proved the 

uselessness for months。  It came on to rain as the Americans 

landed; and though none offered to oppose their coming ashore; none 

invited them to take shelter。  They were nowise abashed; entered a 

house unbidden; and were made welcome with obvious reserve。  The 

rain clearing off; they set forth westward; deeper into the heart 

of the enemies' position。  Three or four young men ran some way 

before them; doubtless to give warning; and Leary; with his 

indomitable taste for mischief; kept inquiring as he went after 

〃the high chief〃 Tamasese。  The line of the beach was one 

continuous breastwork; some thirty odd iron cannon of all sizes and 

patterns stood mounted in embrasures; plenty grape and canister lay 

ready; and at every hundred yards or so the German flag was flying。  

The numbers of the guns and flags I give as I received them; though 

they test my faith。  At the house of Brandeis … a little; 

weatherboard house; crammed at the time with natives; men; women; 

and squalling children … Leary and Moors again asked for 〃the high 

chief;〃 and; were again assured that he was farther on。  A little 

beyond; the road ran in one place somewhat inland; the two 

Americans had gone down to the line of the beach to continue their 

inspection of the breastwork; when Brandeis himself; in his shirt…

sleeves and accompanied by several German officers; passed them by 

the line of the road。  The two parties saluted in silence。  Beyond 

Eva Point there was an observable change for the worse in the 

reception of the Americans; some whom they met began to mutter at 

Moors; and the adventurers; with tardy but commendable prudence; 

desisted from their search after the high chief; and began to 

retrace their steps。  On the return; Suatele and some chiefs were 

drinking kava in a 〃big house;〃 and called them in to join … their 

only invitation。  But the night was closing; the rain had begun 

again:  they stayed but for civility; and returned on board the 

ADAMS; wet and hungry; and I believe delighted with their 

expedition。  It was perhaps the last as it was certainly one of the 

most extreme examples of that divinity which once hedged the white 

in Samoa。  The feeling was already different in the camp of 

Mataafa; where the safety of a German loiterer had been a matter of 

extreme concern。  Ten days later; three commissioners; an 

Englishman; an American; and a German; approached a post of 

Mataafas; were challenged by an old man with a gun; and mentioned 

in answer what they were。  〃IFEA SIAMANI?  Which is the German?〃 

cried the old gentleman; dancing; and with his finger on the 

trigger; and the commissioners stood somewhile in a very anxious 

posture; till they were released by the opportune arrival of a 

chief。  It was November the 27th when Leary and Moors completed 

their absurd excursion; in about three weeks an event was to befall 

which changed at once; and probably for ever; the relations of the 

natives and the whites。



By the 28th Tamasese had collected seventeen hundred men in the 

trenches before Saluafata; thinking to attack next day。  But the 

Mataafas evacuated the place in the night。  At half…past five on 

the morning of the 29th a signal…gun was fired in the trenches at 

Laulii; and the Tamasese citadel was assaulted and defended with a 

fury new among Samoans。  When the battle ended on the following 

day; one or more outworks remained in the possession of Mataafa。  

Another had been taken and lost as many as four times。  Carried 

originally by a mixed force from Savaii and Tuamasanga; the 

victors; instead of completing fresh defences or pursuing their 

advantage; fell to eat and smoke and celebrate their victory with 

impromptu songs。  In this humour a rally of the Tamaseses smote 

them; drove them out pell…mell; and tumbled them into the ravine; 

where many broke their heads and legs。  Again the work was taken; 

again lost。  Ammunition failed the belligerents; and they fought 

hand to hand in the contested fort with axes; clubs; and clubbed 

rifles。  The sustained ardour of the engagement surprised even 

those who were engaged; and the butcher's bill was counted 

extraordinary by Samoans。  On December 1st the women of either side 

collected the headless bodies of the dead; each easily identified 

by the name tattooed on his forearm。  Mataafa is thought to have 

lost sixty killed; and the de Coetlogons' hospital received three 

women and forty men。  The casualties on the Tamasese side cannot be 

accepted; but they were presumably much less。







CHAPTER VIII … AFFAIRS OF LAULII AND FANGALII

NOVEMBER…DECEMBER 1888







FOR Becker I have not been able to conceal my distaste; for he 

seems to me both false and foolish。  But of his successor; the 

unfortunately famous Dr。 Knappe; we may think as of a good enough 

fellow driven distraught。  Fond of Samoa and the Samoans; he 

thought to bring peace and enjoy popularity among the islanders; of 

a genial; amiable; and sanguine temper; he made no doubt but he 

could repair the breach with the English consul。  Hope told a 

flattering tale。  He awoke to find himself exchanging defiances 

with de Coetlogon; beaten in the field by Mataafa; surrounded on 

the spot by general exasperation; and disowned from home by his own 

government。  The history of his administration leaves on the mind 

of the student a sentiment of pity scarcely mingled。



On Blacklock he did not call; and; in view of Leary's attitude; may 

be excused。  But the English consul was in a different category。  

England; weary of the name of Samoa; and desirous only to see peace 

established; was prepared to wink hard during the process and to 

welcome the result of any German settlement。  It was an 

unpardonable fault in Becker to have kicked and buffeted his ready…

made allies into a state of jealousy; anger; and suspicion。  Knappe 

set himself at once to efface these impressions; and the English 

officials rejoiced for the moment in the change。  Between Knappe 

and de Coetlogon there seems to have been mutual sympathy; and; in 

considering the steps by which they were led at last into an 

attitude of mutual defiance; it must be remembered that both the 

men were sick; … Knappe from time to time prostrated with that 

formidable complaint; New Guinea fever; and de Coetlogon throughout 

his whole stay in the islands continually ailing。



Tamasese was still to be recognised; and; if possible; supported:  

such was the German policy。  Two days after his arrival; 

accordingly; Knappe addressed to Mataafa a threatening despatch。  

The German plantation was suffering from the proximity of his 〃war…

party。〃  He must withdraw from Laulii at once; and; whithersoever 

he went; he must approach no German property nor so much as any 

village where there was a German trader。  By five o'clock on the 

morrow; if he were not gone; Knappe would turn upon him 〃the 

attention of the man…of…war〃 and inflict a fine。  The same evening; 

November 14th; Knappe went on board the ADLER; which began to get 

up steam。



Three months before; such direct intervention on the part of 

Germany would have passed almost without protest; but the hour was 

now gone by。  Becker's conduct; equally timid and rash; equally 

inconclusive and offensive; had forced the other nations into a 

strong feeling of common interest with Mataafa。  Even had the 

German demands been moderate; de Coetlogon 

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