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sleep£»¡¡he¡¡would¡¡dress¡¡and¡¡walk¡¡out¡¡in¡¡the¡¡street¡¡for¡¡an¡¡hour£»¡¡while¡¡the
cruel¡¡Steve¡¡slept¡¡like¡¡the¡¡criminal¡¡that¡¡he¡¡was¡£

At¡¡last£»¡¡one¡¡night£»¡¡he¡¡overdid¡¡the¡¡thing¡¡and¡¡was¡¡caught¡£¡¡¡¡His¡¡tortured
room¡­mate¡¡at¡¡first¡¡reviled¡¡him£»¡¡then¡¡threatened¡¡to¡¡kill¡¡him£»¡¡finally¡¡put
him¡¡to¡¡shame¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡was¡¡curious£»¡¡but¡¡they¡¡always¡¡loved¡¡each¡¡other£»¡¡those
two£»¡¡there¡¡was¡¡never¡¡anything¡¡resembling¡¡an¡¡estrangement£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡his¡¡last
days¡¡Mark¡¡Twain¡¡never¡¡could¡¡speak¡¡of¡¡Steve¡¡Gillis¡¡without¡¡tenderness¡£

They¡¡moved¡¡a¡¡great¡¡many¡¡times¡¡in¡¡San¡¡Francisco¡£¡¡¡¡Their¡¡most¡¡satisfactory
residence¡¡was¡¡on¡¡a¡¡bluff¡¡on¡¡California¡¡Street¡£¡¡¡¡Their¡¡windows¡¡looked¡¡down
on¡¡a¡¡lot¡¡of¡¡Chinese¡¡houses¡¨tin¡­can¡¡houses£»¡¨¡¡they¡¡were¡¡calledsmall
wooden¡¡shanties¡¡covered¡¡with¡¡beaten¡­out¡¡cans¡£¡¡¡¡Steve¡¡and¡¡Mark¡¡would¡¡look
down¡¡on¡¡these¡¡houses£»¡¡waiting¡¡until¡¡all¡¡the¡¡Chinamen¡¡were¡¡inside£»¡¡then
one¡¡of¡¡them¡¡would¡¡grab¡¡an¡¡empty¡¡beer¡­bottle£»¡¡throw¡¡it¡¡down¡¡on¡¡those¡¡tin
can¡¡roofs£»¡¡and¡¡dodge¡¡behind¡¡the¡¡blinds¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡Chinamen¡¡would¡¡swarm¡¡out¡¡and
look¡¡up¡¡at¡¡the¡¡row¡¡of¡¡houses¡¡on¡¡the¡¡edge¡¡of¡¡the¡¡bluff£»¡¡shake¡¡their¡¡fists£»
and¡¡pour¡¡out¡¡Chinese¡¡vituperation¡£¡¡¡¡By¡¡and¡¡by£»¡¡when¡¡they¡¡had¡¡retired¡¡and
everything¡¡was¡¡quiet¡¡again£»¡¡their¡¡tormentors¡¡would¡¡throw¡¡another¡¡bottle¡£
This¡¡was¡¡their¡¡Sunday¡¡amusement¡£

At¡¡a¡¡place¡¡on¡¡Minna¡¡Street¡¡they¡¡lived¡¡with¡¡a¡¡private¡¡family¡£¡¡¡¡At¡¡first
Clemens¡¡was¡¡delighted¡£

¡¨Just¡¡look¡¡at¡¡it£»¡¡Steve£»¡¨¡¡he¡¡said¡£¡¡¡¡¡¨What¡¡a¡¡nice£»¡¡quiet¡¡place¡£¡¡¡¡Not¡¡a
thing¡¡to¡¡disturb¡¡us¡£¡¨

But¡¡next¡¡morning¡¡a¡¡dog¡¡began¡¡to¡¡howl¡£¡¡¡¡Gillis¡¡woke¡¡this¡¡time£»¡¡to¡¡find¡¡his
room¡­mate¡¡standing¡¡in¡¡the¡¡door¡¡that¡¡opened¡¡out¡¡into¡¡a¡¡back¡¡garden£»
holding¡¡a¡¡big¡¡revolver£»¡¡his¡¡hand¡¡shaking¡¡with¡¡cold¡¡and¡¡excitement¡£

¡¨Came¡¡here£»¡¡Steve£»¡¨¡¡he¡¡said¡£¡¡¡¡¡¨Come¡¡here¡¡and¡¡kill¡¡him¡£¡¡¡¡I'm¡¡so¡¡chilled
through¡¡I¡¡can't¡¡get¡¡a¡¡bead¡¡on¡¡him¡£¡¨

¡¨Sam£»¡¨¡¡said¡¡Steve£»¡¡¡¨don't¡¡shoot¡¡him¡£¡¡¡¡Just¡¡swear¡¡at¡¡him¡£¡¡¡¡You¡¡can¡¡easily
kill¡¡him¡¡at¡¡that¡¡range¡¡with¡¡your¡¡profanity¡£¡¨

Steve¡¡Gillis¡¡declares¡¡that¡¡Mark¡¡Twain¡¡then¡¡let¡¡go¡¡such¡¡a¡¡scorching£»
singeing¡¡blast¡¡that¡¡the¡¡brute's¡¡owner¡¡sold¡¡him¡¡next¡¡day¡¡for¡¡a¡¡Mexican
hairless¡¡dog¡£

We¡¡gather¡¡that¡¡they¡¡moved£»¡¡on¡¡an¡¡average£»¡¡about¡¡once¡¡a¡¡month¡£¡¡¡¡A¡¡home
letter¡¡of¡¡September¡¡25£»¡¡1864£»¡¡says£º

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡We¡¡have¡¡been¡¡here¡¡only¡¡four¡¡months£»¡¡yet¡¡we¡¡have¡¡changed¡¡our¡¡lodging
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡five¡¡times¡£¡¡¡¡We¡¡are¡¡very¡¡comfortably¡¡fixed¡¡where¡¡we¡¡are¡¡now¡¡and¡¡have
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡fault¡¡to¡¡find¡¡with¡¡the¡¡rooms¡¡or¡¡the¡¡people¡£¡¡¡¡We¡¡are¡¡the¡¡only
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡lodgers¡­in¡¡a¡¡well¡­to¡­do¡¡private¡¡family¡¡¡£¡¡¡¡¡£¡¡¡¡¡£¡¡¡¡¡£¡¡¡¡But¡¡I¡¡need¡¡change
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡must¡¡move¡¡again¡£

This¡¡was¡¡the¡¡Minna¡¡Street¡¡placethe¡¡place¡¡of¡¡the¡¡dog¡£¡¡¡¡In¡¡the¡¡same
letter¡¡he¡¡mentions¡¡having¡¡made¡¡a¡¡new¡¡arrangement¡¡with¡¡the¡¡Call£»¡¡by¡¡which
he¡¡is¡¡to¡¡receive¡¡twenty¡­five¡¡dollars¡¡a¡¡week£»¡¡with¡¡no¡¡more¡¡night¡­work£»¡¡he
says¡¡further¡¡that¡¡he¡¡has¡¡closed¡¡with¡¡the¡¡Californian¡¡for¡¡weekly¡¡articles
at¡¡twelve¡¡dollars¡¡each¡£




XLVII

BOHEMIAN¡¡DAYS

Mark¡¡Twain's¡¡position¡¡on¡¡the¡¡'Call'¡¡was¡¡uncongenial¡¡from¡¡the¡¡start¡£¡¡¡¡San
Francisco¡¡was¡¡a¡¡larger¡¡city¡¡than¡¡Virginia£»¡¡the¡¡work¡¡there¡¡was¡¡necessarily
more¡¡impersonal£»¡¡more¡¡a¡¡routine¡¡of¡¡news¡­gathering¡¡and¡¡drudgery¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡once
set¡¡down¡¡his¡¡own¡¡memories¡¡of¡¡it£º

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡At¡¡nine¡¡in¡¡the¡¡morning¡¡I¡¡had¡¡to¡¡be¡¡at¡¡the¡¡police¡¡court¡¡for¡¡an¡¡hour
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡make¡¡a¡¡brief¡¡history¡¡of¡¡the¡¡squabbles¡¡of¡¡the¡¡night¡¡before¡£¡¡¡¡They
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡usually¡¡between¡¡Irishmen¡¡and¡¡Irishmen£»¡¡and¡¡Chinamen¡¡and
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Chinamen£»¡¡with¡¡now¡¡and¡¡then¡¡a¡¡squabble¡¡between¡¡the¡¡two¡¡races£»¡¡for¡¡a
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡change¡£

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡During¡¡the¡¡rest¡¡of¡¡the¡¡day¡¡we¡¡raked¡¡the¡¡town¡¡from¡¡end¡¡to¡¡end£»
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡gathering¡¡such¡¡material¡¡as¡¡we¡¡might£»¡¡wherewith¡¡to¡¡fill¡¡our¡¡required
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¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡night¡¡we¡¡visited¡¡the¡¡six¡¡theaters£»¡¡one¡¡after¡¡the¡¡other£»¡¡seven¡¡nights
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡the¡¡week¡£¡¡¡¡We¡¡remained¡¡in¡¡each¡¡of¡¡those¡¡places¡¡five¡¡minutes£»¡¡got
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡merest¡¡passing¡¡glimpse¡¡of¡¡play¡¡and¡¡opera£»¡¡and¡¡with¡¡that¡¡for¡¡a
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¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡torturing¡¡our¡¡souls¡¡every¡¡night¡¡in¡¡the¡¡effort¡¡to¡¡find¡¡something¡¡to
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡say¡¡about¡¡those¡¡performances¡¡which¡¡we¡¡had¡¡not¡¡said¡¡a¡¡couple¡¡of
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡hundred¡¡times¡¡before¡£

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡was¡¡fearful¡¡drudgery¡­soulless¡¡drudgeryand¡¡almost¡¡destitute¡¡of
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡interest¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡was¡¡an¡¡awful¡¡slavery¡¡for¡¡a¡¡lazy¡¡man¡£

On¡¡the¡¡Enterprise¡¡he¡¡had¡¡been¡¡free£»¡¡with¡¡a¡¡liberty¡¡that¡¡amounted¡¡to
license¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡could¡¡write¡¡what¡¡he¡¡wished£»¡¡and¡¡was¡¡personally¡¡responsible
to¡¡the¡¡readers¡£¡¡¡¡On¡¡the¡¡Call¡¡he¡¡was¡¡simply¡¡a¡¡part¡¡of¡¡a¡¡news¡­machine£»
restricted¡¡by¡¡a¡¡policy£»¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡a¡¡part¡¡of¡¡a¡¡still¡¡greater¡¡machine
politics¡£¡¡¡¡Once¡¡he¡¡saw¡¡some¡¡butchers¡¡set¡¡their¡¡dogs¡¡on¡¡an¡¡unoffending
Chinaman£»¡¡a¡¡policeman¡¡looking¡¡on¡¡with¡¡amused¡¡interest¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡wrote¡¡an
indignant¡¡article¡¡criticizing¡¡the¡¡city¡¡government¡¡and¡¡raking¡¡the¡¡police¡£
In¡¡Virginia¡¡City¡¡this¡¡would¡¡have¡¡been¡¡a¡¡welcome¡¡delight£»¡¡in¡¡San¡¡Francisco
it¡¡did¡¡not¡¡appear¡£

At¡¡another¡¡time¡¡he¡¡found¡¡a¡¡policeman¡¡asleep¡¡on¡¡his¡¡beat¡£¡¡¡¡Going¡¡to¡¡a
near¡­by¡¡vegetable¡¡stall¡¡he¡¡borrowed¡¡a¡¡large¡¡cabbage¡­leaf£»¡¡came¡¡back¡¡and
stood¡¡over¡¡the¡¡sleeper£»¡¡gently¡¡fanning¡¡him¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡would¡¡be¡¡wasted¡¡effort¡¡to
make¡¡an¡¡item¡¡of¡¡this¡¡incident£»¡¡but¡¡he¡¡could¡¡publish¡¡it¡¡in¡¡his¡¡own
fashion¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡stood¡¡there¡¡fanning¡¡the¡¡sleeping¡¡official¡¡until¡¡a¡¡large
crowd¡¡collected¡£¡¡¡¡When¡¡he¡¡thought¡¡it¡¡was¡¡large¡¡enough¡¡he¡¡went¡¡away¡£¡¡¡¡Next
day¡¡the¡¡joke¡¡was¡¡all¡¡over¡¡the¡¡city¡£

Only¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡several¡¡severe¡¡articles¡¡he¡¡wrote¡¡criticizing¡¡officials
and¡¡institutions¡¡seems¡¡to¡¡have¡¡appearedan¡¡attack¡¡on¡¡an¡¡undertaker¡¡whose
establishment¡¡formed¡¡a¡¡branch¡¡of¡¡the¡¡coroner's¡¡office¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡management¡¡of
this¡¡place¡¡one¡¡day¡¡refused¡¡information¡¡to¡¡a¡¡Call¡¡reporter£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡next
morning¡¡its¡¡proprietor¡¡was¡¡terrified¡¡by¡¡a¡¡scathing¡¡denunciation¡¡of¡¡his
firm¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡began£»¡¡¡¨Those¡¡body¡­snatchers¡¨¡¡and¡¡continued¡¡through¡¡half¡¡a
column¡¡of¡¡such¡¡scorching¡¡strictures¡¡as¡¡only¡¡Mark¡¡Twain¡¡could¡¡devise¡£¡¡¡¡The
Call's¡¡policy¡¡of¡¡suppression¡¡evidently¡¡did¡¡not¡¡include¡¡criticisms¡¡of
deputy¡¡coroners¡£

Such¡¡liberty£»¡¡however£»¡¡was¡¡too¡¡rare¡¡for¡¡Mark¡¡Twain£»¡¡and¡¡he¡¡lost¡¡interest¡£
He¡¡confessed¡¡afterward¡¡that¡¡he¡¡became¡¡indifferent¡¡and¡¡lazy£»¡¡and¡¡that
George¡¡E¡£¡¡Barnes£»¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡publishers¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Call£»¡¡at¡¡last¡¡allowed¡¡him
an¡¡assistant¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡selected¡¡from¡¡the¡¡counting¡­room¡¡a¡¡big£»¡¡hulking¡¡youth¡¡by
the¡¡name¡¡of¡¡McGlooral£»¡¡with¡¡the¡¡acquired¡¡prefix¡¡of¡¡¡¨Smiggy¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡Clemens¡¡had
taken¡¡a¡¡fancy¡¡to¡¡Smiggy¡¡McGlooralon¡¡account¡¡of¡¡his¡¡name¡¡and¡¡size
perhapsand¡¡Smiggy£»¡¡devoted¡¡to¡¡his¡¡patron£»¡¡worked¡¡like¡¡a¡¡slave¡¡gathering
news¡¡nightsdaytimes£»¡¡too£»¡¡if¡¡necessaryall¡¡of¡¡which¡¡was¡¡demoralizing
to¡¡a¡¡man¡¡who¡¡had¡¡small¡¡appetite¡¡for¡¡his¡¡place¡¡anyway¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡was¡¡only¡¡a
question¡¡of¡¡time¡¡when¡¡Smiggy¡¡alone¡¡would¡¡be¡¡sufficient¡¡for¡¡the¡¡job¡£

There¡¡were¡¡other¡¡and¡¡pleasanter¡¡things¡¡in¡¡San¡¡Francisco¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡personal
and¡¡literary¡¡associations¡¡were¡¡worth¡¡while¡£¡¡¡¡At¡¡his¡¡right¡¡hand¡¡in¡¡the
Call¡¡office¡¡sat¡¡Frank¡¡Soulea¡¡gentle¡¡spirita¡¡graceful¡¡versifier¡¡who
believed¡¡himself¡¡a¡¡poet¡£¡¡¡¡Mark¡¡Twain¡¡deferred¡¡to¡¡Frank¡¡Soule¡¡in¡¡those
days¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡thought¡¡his¡¡verses¡¡exquisite¡¡in¡¡their¡¡workmanship£»¡¡a¡¡word¡¡of
praise¡¡from¡¡Soule¡¡gave¡¡him¡¡happiness¡£¡¡¡¡In¡¡a¡¡luxurious¡¡office¡¡up¡­stairs
was¡¡another¡¡congenial¡¡spirita¡¡gifted£»¡¡handsome¡¡fellow¡¡of¡¡twenty¡­four£»
who¡¡was¡¡secretary¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Mint£»¡¡and¡¡who¡¡presently¡¡became¡¡editor¡¡of¡¡a¡¡new
literary¡¡weekly£»¡¡the¡¡Californian£»¡¡which¡¡Charles¡¡Henry¡¡Webb¡¡had¡¡founded¡£
This¡¡young¡¡man's¡¡name¡¡was¡¡Francis¡¡Bret¡¡Harte£»¡¡originally¡¡from¡¡Albany£»
later¡¡a¡¡miner¡¡and¡¡school¡­teacher¡¡on¡¡the¡¡Stanislaus£»¡¡still¡¡later¡¡a
compositor£»¡¡finally¡¡a¡¡contributor£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡Golden¡¡Era¡£¡¡¡¡His¡¡fame¡¡scarcely
reached¡¡beyond¡¡San¡¡Francisco¡¡as¡¡yet£»¡¡but¡¡among¡¡the¡¡little¡¡coterie¡¡of
writing¡¡folk¡¡that¡¡clustered¡¡about¡¡the¡¡Era¡¡office¡¡his¡¡rank¡¡was¡¡high¡£¡¡¡¡Mark
Twain¡¡fraternized¡¡with¡¡Bret¡¡Harte¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Era¡¡group¡¡generally¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡felt
that¡¡he¡¡had¡¡reached¡¡the¡¡landor¡¡at¡¡least¡¡the¡¡borderlandof¡¡Bohemia£»
that¡¡Ultima¡¡Thule¡¡of¡¡every¡¡young¡¡literary¡¡dream¡£

San¡¡Francisco¡¡did£»¡¡in¡¡fact£»¡¡have¡¡a¡¡very¡¡definite¡¡literary¡¡atmosphere¡¡and
a¡¡literature¡¡of¡¡its¡¡own¡£¡¡¡¡Its¡¡coterie¡¡of¡¡writers¡¡had¡¡drifted¡¡from¡¡here
and¡¡there£»¡¡but¡¡they¡¡had¡¡merged¡¡themselves¡¡into¡¡a¡¡California¡¡body¡­poetic£»
quite¡¡as¡¡individual¡¡as¡¡that¡¡of¡¡Cambridge£»¡¡even¡¡if¡¡less¡¡famous£»¡¡less
fortunate¡¡in¡¡emoluments¡¡than¡¡the¡¡Boston¡¡group¡£¡¡¡¡Joseph¡¡E¡£¡¡Lawrence£»
familiarly¡¡known¡¡as¡¡¡¨Joe¡¨¡¡Lawrence£»¡¡was¡¡editor¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Golden¡¡Era£»¡¡¡¡£§The
Golden¡¡Era£»¡¡California's¡¡first¡¡literary¡¡publication£»¡¡was¡¡founded¡¡by
Rollin¡¡M¡£¡¡¡¡Daggett¡¡and¡¡J¡£¡¡McDonough¡¡Foard¡¡in¡¡1852¡££§¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡his¡¡kindness
and¡¡hospitality¡¡were¡¡accounted¡¡sufficient¡¡rewards¡¡even¡¡when¡¡his¡¡pecuniary
acknowledgments¡¡were¡¡modest¡¡enough¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡had¡¡a¡¡handsome¡¡office£»¡¡and¡¡the
literati£»¡¡local¡¡and¡¡visiting£»¡¡used¡¡to¡¡gather¡¡there¡£¡¡¡¡Names¡¡that¡¡would¡¡be
well¡¡known¡¡later¡¡were¡¡included¡¡in¡¡that¡¡little¡¡band¡£¡¡¡¡Joaquin¡¡Miller
recalls¡¡from¡¡an¡¡old¡¡diary£»¡¡kept¡¡by¡¡him¡¡then£»¡¡having¡¡seen¡¡Adah¡¡Isaacs
Menken£»¡¡Prentice¡¡Mulford£»¡¡Bret¡¡Harte£»¡¡Charles¡¡Warren¡¡Stoddard£»¡¡Fitzhugh
Ludlow£»¡¡Mark¡¡Twain£»¡¡Orpheus¡¡C¡£¡¡Kerr£»¡¡Artemus¡¡Ward£»¡¡Gilbert¡¡Densmore£»
W¡£¡¡S¡£¡¡Kendall£»¡¡and¡¡Mrs¡£¡¡Hitchcock¡¡assembled¡¡there¡¡at¡¡one¡¡time¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡Era
office¡¡would¡¡seem¡¡to¡¡have¡¡been¡¡a¡¡sort¡¡of¡¡Mount¡¡Olympus£»¡¡or¡¡Parnassus£»
perhaps£»¡¡for¡¡these¡¡were¡¡mainly¡¡poets£»¡¡who¡¡had¡¡scarcely¡¡yet¡¡attained¡¡to
the¡¡dignity¡¡of¡¡gods¡£¡¡¡¡Miller¡¡was¡¡hardly¡¡more¡¡than¡¡a¡¡youth¡¡then£»¡¡and¡¡this
grand¡¡assemblage¡¡impressed¡¡him£»¡¡as¡¡did¡¡the¡¡imposing¡¡appointments¡¡of¡¡the
place¡£

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡Era¡¡rooms¡¡were¡¡elegant¡¡£§he¡¡says£§£»¡¡the¡¡most¡¡grandly¡¡carpeted
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡most¡¡gorgeously¡¡furnished¡¡that¡¡I¡¡have¡¡ever¡¡seen¡£¡¡¡¡Even¡¡now¡¡in¡¡my
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡memory¡¡they¡¡seem¡¡to¡¡have¡¡been¡¡simply¡¡palatial¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡have¡¡seen¡¡the
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡world¡¡well¡¡since¡¡thenall¡¡of¡¡its¡¡splendors¡¡worth¡¡seeingyet¡¡those
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡carpeted¡¡parlors£»¡¡with¡¡Joe¡¡Lawrence¡¡and¡¡his¡¡brilliant¡¡satellites£»
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡outshine¡¡all¡¡things¡¡else£»¡¡as¡¡I¡¡turn¡¡to¡¡look¡¡back¡£

More¡¡than¡¡any¡¡other¡¡city¡¡west¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Alleghanies£»¡¡San¡¡Francisco¡¡has
always¡¡been¡¡a¡¡literary¡¡center£»¡¡and¡¡certainly¡¡that¡¡was¡¡a¡¡remarkable¡¡group
to¡¡be¡¡out¡¡there¡¡under¡¡the¡¡sunset£»¡¡dropped¡¡down¡¡there¡¡behind¡¡the¡¡Sierras£»
which¡¡the¡¡transcontinental¡¡railway¡¡would¡¡not¡¡climb¡¡yet£»¡¡for¡¡several
years¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡were¡¡a¡¡happy¡­hearted£»¡¡aspiring¡¡lot£»¡¡and¡¡they¡¡got¡¡as¡¡much¡¡as
five¡¡dollars¡¡sometimes¡¡for¡¡an¡¡Era¡¡article£»¡¡and¡¡were¡¡as¡¡proud¡¡of¡¡it¡¡as¡¡if
it¡¡had¡¡been¡¡a¡¡great¡¡deal¡¡more¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡felt¡¡that¡¡they¡¡were¡¡creating
literature£»¡¡as¡¡they¡¡were£»¡¡in¡¡fact£»¡¡a¡¡new¡¡school¡¡of¡¡American¡¡letters
mustered¡¡there¡£

Mark¡¡Twain¡¡and¡¡Bret¡¡Harte¡¡were¡¡distinctive¡¡features¡¡of¡¡this¡¡group¡£¡¡¡¡They
were¡¡already¡¡recognized¡¡by¡¡their¡¡

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