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employing a lot of ruffians from the Seven Dials to come and fight

us; and on one occasion the old bill…stickers went to Trafalgar

Square to attempt to post bills; when they were given in custody by

the watchman in their employ; and fined at Queen Square five

pounds; as they would not allow any of us to speak in the office;

but when they were gone; we had an interview with the magistrate;

who mitigated the fine to fifteen shillings。  During the time the

men were waiting for the fine; this company started off to a

public…house that we were in the habit of using; and waited for us

coming back; where a fighting scene took place that beggars

description。  Shortly after this; the principal one day came and

shook hands with us; and acknowledged that he had broken up the

company; and that he himself had lost five hundred pound in trying

to overthrow us。  We then took possession of the hoarding in

Trafalgar Square; but Messrs。 Grissell and Peto would not allow us

to post our bills on the said hoarding without paying them … and

from first to last we paid upwards of two hundred pounds for that

hoarding; and likewise the hoarding of the Reform Club…house; Pall

Mall。〃'



His Majesty; being now completely out of breath; laid down his

scroll (which he appeared to have finished); puffed at his pipe;

and took some rum…and…water。  I embraced the opportunity of asking

how many divisions the art and mystery of bill…sticking comprised?

He replied; three … auctioneers' bill…sticking; theatrical bill…

sticking; general bill…sticking。



'The auctioneers' porters;' said the King; 'who do their bill…

sticking; are mostly respectable and intelligent; and generally

well paid for their work; whether in town or country。  The price

paid by the principal auctioneers for country work is nine

shillings per day; that is; seven shillings for day's work; one

shilling for lodging; and one for paste。  Town work is five

shillings a day; including paste。'



'Town work must be rather hot work;' said I; 'if there be many of

those fighting scenes that beggar description; among the bill…

stickers?'



'Well;' replied the King; 'I an't a stranger; I assure you; to

black eyes; a bill…sticker ought to know how to handle his fists a

bit。  As to that row I have mentioned; that grew out of

competition; conducted in an uncompromising spirit。  Besides a man

in a horse…and…shay continually following us about; the company had

a watchman on duty; night and day; to prevent us sticking bills

upon the hoarding in Trafalgar Square。  We went there; early one

morning; to stick bills and to black…wash their bills if we were

interfered with。  We WERE interfered with; and I gave the word for

laying on the wash。  It WAS laid on … pretty brisk … and we were

all taken to Queen Square: but they couldn't fine ME。  I knew

that;' … with a bright smile … 'I'd only give directions … I was

only the General。'  Charmed with this monarch's affability; I

inquired if he had ever hired a hoarding himself。



'Hired a large one;' he replied; 'opposite the Lyceum Theatre; when

the buildings was there。  Paid thirty pound for it; let out places

on it; and called it 〃The External Paper…Hanging Station。〃  But it

didn't answer。  Ah!' said His Majesty thoughtfully; as he filled

the glass; 'Bill…stickers have a deal to contend with。  The bill…

sticking clause was got into the Police Act by a member of

Parliament that employed me at his election。  The clause is pretty

stiff respecting where bills go; but HE didn't mind where HIS bills

went。  It was all right enough; so long as they was HIS bills!'



Fearful that I observed a shadow of misanthropy on the King's

cheerful face; I asked whose ingenious invention that was; which I

greatly admired; of sticking bills under the arches of the bridges。



'Mine!' said His Majesty。  'I was the first that ever stuck a bill

under a bridge!  Imitators soon rose up; of course。 … When don't

they?  But they stuck 'em at low…water; and the tide came and swept

the bills clean away。  I knew that!'  The King laughed。



'What may be the name of that instrument; like an immense fishing…

rod;' I inquired; 'with which bills are posted on high places?'



'The joints;' returned His Majesty。  'Now; we use the joints where

formerly we used ladders … as they do still in country places。

Once; when Madame' (Vestris; understood) 'was playing in Liverpool;

another bill…sticker and me were at it together on the wall outside

the Clarence Dock … me with the joints … him on a ladder。  Lord!  I

had my bill up; right over his head; yards above him; ladder and

all; while he was crawling to his work。  The people going in and

out of the docks; stood and laughed! … It's about thirty years

since the joints come in。'



'Are there any bill…stickers who can't read?' I took the liberty of

inquiring。



'Some;' said the King。  'But they know which is the right side

up'ards of their work。  They keep it as it's given out to 'em。  I

have seen a bill or so stuck wrong side up'ards。  But it's very

rare。'



Our discourse sustained some interruption at this point; by the

procession of cars occasioning a stoppage of about three…quarters

of a mile in length; as nearly as I could judge。  His Majesty;

however; entreating me not to be discomposed by the contingent

uproar; smoked with great placidity; and surveyed the firmament。



When we were again in motion; I begged to be informed what was the

largest poster His Majesty had ever seen。  The King replied; 'A

thirty…six sheet poster。'  I gathered; also; that there were about

a hundred and fifty bill…stickers in London; and that His Majesty

considered an average hand equal to the posting of one hundred

bills (single sheets) in a day。  The King was of opinion; that;

although posters had much increased in size; they had not increased

in number; as the abolition of the State Lotteries had occasioned a

great falling off; especially in the country。  Over and above which

change; I bethought myself that the custom of advertising in

newspapers had greatly increased。  The completion of many London

improvements; as Trafalgar Square (I particularly observed the

singularity of His Majesty's calling THAT an improvement); the

Royal Exchange; &c。; had of late years reduced the number of

advantageous posting…places。  Bill…Stickers at present rather

confine themselves to districts; than to particular descriptions of

work。  One man would strike over Whitechapel; another would take

round Houndsditch; Shoreditch; and the City Road; one (the King

said) would stick to the Surrey side; another would make a beat of

the West…end。



His Majesty remarked; with some approach to severity; on the

neglect of delicacy and taste; gradually introduced into the trade

by the new school: a profligate and inferior race of impostors who

took jobs at almost any price; to the detriment of the old school;

and the confusion of their own misguided employers。  He considered

that the trade was overdone with competition; and observed speaking

of his subjects; 'There are too many of 'em。'  He believed; still;

that things were a little better than they had been; adducing; as a

proof; the fact that particular posting places were now reserved;

by common consent; for particular posters; those places; however;

must be regularly occupied by those posters; or; they lapsed and

fell into other hands。  It was of no use giving a man a Drury Lane

bill this week and not next。  Where was it to go?  He was of

opinion that going to the expense of putting up your own board on

which your sticker could display your own bills; was the only

complete way of posting yourself at the present time; but; even to

effect this; on payment of a shilling a week to the keepers of

steamboat piers and other such places; you must be able; besides;

to give orders for theatres and public exhibitions; or you would be

sure to be cut out by somebody。  His Majesty regarded the passion

for orders; as one of the most unappeasable appetites of human

nature。  If there were a building; or if there were repairs; going

on; anywhere; you could generally stand something and make it right

with the foreman of the works; but; orders would be expected from

you; and the man who could give the most orders was the man who

would come off best。  There was this other objectionable point; in

orders; that workmen sold them for drink; and often sold them to

persons who were likewise troubled with the weakness of thirst:

which led (His Majesty said) to the presentation of your orders at

Theatre doors; by individuals who were 'too shakery' to derive

intellectual profit from the entertainments; and who brought a

scandal on you。  Finally; His Majesty said that you could hardly

put too little in a poster; what you wanted; was; two or three good

catch…lines for the eye to rest on … then; leave it alone … and

there you were!



These are the minutes of my conversation with His Majesty; as I

noted them down shortly afterwards。  I am not aware that I have

been betrayed into any alteration or suppression。  The manner of

the King was frank in the extreme; and he seemed to me to avoid; at

once that slight tendency to repetition which may have been

observed in the conversation of His Majesty King George the Third;

and … that slight under…current of egotism which the curious

observer may perhaps detect in the conversation of Napoleon

Bonaparte。



I must do the King the justice to say that it was I; and not he;

who closed the dialogue。  At this juncture; I became the subject of

a remarkable optical delusion; the legs of my stool appeared to me

to double up; the car to spin round and round with great violence;

and a mist to arise between myself and His Majesty。  In addition to

these sensations; I felt extremely unwell。  I refer these

unpleasant effects; either to the paste with which the posters were

affixed to the van: which

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