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respectively；　are　this　day　in　rebellion　against　the　United　States　the

following；　to　wit：



Arkansas；　Texas；　Louisiana　（except　the　parishes　of　St。　　Bernard；

Plaquemines；　Jefferson；　St。　　John；　St。　　Charles；　St。　　James；

Ascension；　Assumption；　Terre　Bonne；　Lafourche；　St。　　Mary；　St。

Martin；　and　Orleans；　including　the　city　of　New　Orleans）；　Mississippi；

Alabama；　Florida；　Georgia；　South　Carolina；　North　Carolina；　and

Virginia　（except　the　forty…eight　counties　designated　as　West

Virginia；　and　also　the　counties　of　Berkeley；　Accomac；　Northampton；

Elizabeth　City；　York；　Princess　Anne；　and　Norfolk；　including　the

cities　of　Norfolk　and　Portsmouth）；　and　which　excepted　parts　are　for

the　present　left　precisely　as　if　this　proclamation　were　not　issued。



And　by　virtue　of　the　power　and　for　the　purpose　aforesaid；　I　do　order

and　declare　that　all　persons　held　as　slaves　within　said　designated

States　and　parts　of　States　are；　and　henceforward　shall　be；　free；　and

that　the　Executive　Government　of　the　United　States；　including　the

military　and　naval　authorities　thereof；　will　recognize　and　maintain

the　freedom　of　said　persons。



And　I　hereby　enjoin　upon　the　people　so　declared　to　be　free　to　abstain

from　all　violence；　unless　in　necessary　self…defense；　and　I　recommend

to　them　that；　in　all　cases　when　allowed；　they　labor　faithfully　for

reasonable　wages。



And　I　further　declare　and　make　known　that　such　persons　of　suitable

condition　will　be　received　into　the　armed　service　of　the　United

States　to　garrison　forts；　positions；　stations；　and　other　places；　and

to　man　vessels　of　all　sorts　in　said　service。



And　upon　this　act；　sincerely　believed　to　be　an　act　of　justice；

warranted　by　the　Constitution　upon　military　necessity；　I　invoke　the

considerate　judgment　of　mankind　and　the　gracious　favor　of　Almighty

God。



In　witness　whereof　I　have　hereunto　set　my　hand　and　caused　the　seal　of

the　United　States　to　be　affixed。



Done　at　the　city　of　Washington；　this　first　day　of　January；　A。D。　1863；

and　of　the　independence　of　the　United　States　of　America　the

eighty…seventh。



ABRAHAM　LINCOLN。



By　the　President：

WILLIAM　H。　SEWARD；　　Secretary　of　State。









TO　GENERAL　H。　W。　HALLECK。



EXECUTIVE　MANSION；　WASHINGTON

January　1；　1863



MAJOR…GENERAL　HALLECK。



DEAR　SIR：General　Burnside　wishes　to　cross　the　Rappahannock　with　his

army；　but　his　grand　division　commanders　all　oppose　the　movement。　　If

in　such　a　difficulty　as　this　you　do　not　help；　you　fail　me　precisely

in　the　point　for　which　I　sought　your　assistance　You　know　what　General

Burnside's　plan　is；　and　it　is　my　wish　that　you　go　with　him　to　the

ground；　examine　it　as　far　as　practicable；　confer　with　the　officers；

getting　their　judgment；　and　ascertaining　their　temperin　a　word；

gather　all　the　elements　for　forming　a　judgment　of　your　own；　and　then

tell　General　Burnside　that　you　do　approve　or　that　you　do　not　approve

his　plan。　　Your　military　skill　is　useless　to　me　if　you　will　not　do

this。



Yours　very　truly；



A。　LINCOLN



＇Indorsement＇



January　1；　1863

Withdrawn；　because　considered　harsh　by　General　Halleck。

A。　LINCOLN









MESSAGE　TO　CONGRESS



WASHINGTON；　January　2；　1863



TO　THE　SENATE　AND　HOUSE　OF　REPRESENTATIVES：



I　submit　to　Congress　the　expediency　of　extending　to　other　departments

of　the　government　the　authority　conferred　on　the　President　by　the

eighth　section　of　the　act　of　the　8th　of　May；　1792；　to　appoint　a

person　to　temporarily　discharge　the　duties　of　Secretary　of　State；

Secretary　of　the　Treasury；　and　Secretary　of　War；　in　case　of　the

death；　absence　from　the　seat　of　government；　or　sickness　of　either　of

those　officers。



ABRAHAM　LINCOLN。









TO　GENERAL　S。　R。　CURTIS。



EXECUTIVE　MANSION；　WASHINGTON

JANUARY　2；　1863



MAJOR…GENERAL　CURTIS。



MY　DEAR　SIR：Yours　of　December　29　by　the　hand　of　Mr。　Strong　is　just

received。　　The　day　I　telegraphed　you　suspending　the　order　in　relation

to　Dr。　McPheeters；　he；　with　Mr。　Bates；　the　Attorney…General；　appeared

before　me　and　left　with　me　a　copy　of　the　order　mentioned。　　The　doctor

also　showed　me　the　Copy　of　an　oath　which　he　said　he　had　taken；　which

is　indeed　very　strong　and　specific。　　He　also　verbally　assured　me　that

he　had　constantly　prayed　in　church　for　the　President　and　government；

as　he　had　always　done　before　the　present　war。　　In　looking　over　the

recitals　in　your　order；　I　do　not　see　that　this　matter　of　the　prayer；

as　he　states　it；　is　negatived；　nor　that　any　violation　of　his　oath　is

charged　nor；　in　fact；　that　anything　specific　is　alleged　against　him。

The　charges　are　all　general：　　that　he　has　a　rebel　wife　and　rebel

relations；　that　he　sympathies　with　rebels；　and　that　he　exercises

rebel　influence。　　Now；　after　talking　with　him；　I　tell　you　frankly　I

believe　he　does　sympathize　with　the　rebels；　but　the　question　remains

whether　such　a　man；　of　unquestioned　good　moral　character；　who　has

taken　such　an　oath　as　he　has；　and　cannot　even　be　charged　with

violating　it；　and　who　can　be　charged　with　no　other　specific　act　or

omission；　can；　with　safety　to　the　government；　be　exiled　upon　the

suspicion　of　his　secret　sympathies。　　But　I　agree　that　this　must　be

left　to　you；　who　are　on　the　spot；　and　if；　after　all；　you　think　the

public　good　requires　his　removal；　my　suspension　of　the　order　is

withdrawn；　only　with　this　qualification；　that　the　time　during　the

suspension　is　not　to　be　counted　against　him。　　　I　have　promised　him

this。　　But　I　must　add　that　the　United　States　Government　must　not；　as

by　this　order；　undertake　to　run　the　churches。　　When　an　individual　in

a　church　or　out　of　it　becomes　dangerous　to　the　public　interest；　he

must　be　checked；　but　let　the　churches；　as　such；　take　care　of

themselves。　　It　will　not　do　for　the　United　States　to　appoint

trustees；　supervisors；　or　other　agents　for　the　churches。



Yours　very　truly；



A。　LINCOLN。



P。　S。The　committee　composed　of　Messrs。　　Yeatman　and　Filley　（Mr。

Broadhead　not　attending）　has　presented　your　letter　and　the　memorial

of　sundry　citizens。　　On　the　whole　subject　embraced　exercise　your　best

judgment；　with　a　sole　view　to　the　public　interest；　and　I　will　not

interfere　without　hearing　you。

A。　LINCOLN。；　　January　3；　1863。









TO　SECRETARY　WELLES。



EXECUTIVE　MANSION；　WASHINGTON；

January　4；　1863。



HON。　GIDEON　WELLES；　Secretary　of　the　Navy。



DEAR　SIR：As　many　persons　who　come　well　recommended　for　loyalty　and

service　to　the　Union　cause；　and　who　are　refugees　from　rebel

oppression　in　the　State　of　Virginia；　make　application　to　me　for

authority　and　permission　to　remove　their　families　and　property　to

protection　within　the　Union　lines；　by　means　of　our　armed　gunboats　on

the　Potomac　River　and　Chesapeake　Bay；　you　are　hereby　requested　to

hear　and　consider　all　such　applications；　and　to　grant　such　assistance

to　this　class　of　persons　as　in　your　judgment　their　merits　may　render

proper；　and　as　may　in　each　case　be　consistent　with　the　perfect　and

complete　efficiency　of　the　naval　service　and　with　military

expediency。



ABRAHAM　LINCOLN。









TO　GENERAL　S。　L　CURTIS。



EXECUTIVE　MANSION；　WASHINGTON；

January　5；　1863



MAJOR…GENERAL　CURTIS。



MY　DEAR　SIR：I　am　having　a　good　deal　of　trouble　with　Missouri

matters；　and　I　now　sit　down　to　write　you　particularly　about　it。　　One

class　of　friends　believe　in　greater　severity　and　another　in　greater

leniency　in　regard　to　arrests；　banishments；　and　assessments。　　As

usual　in　such　cases；　each　questions　the　other's　motives。　　On　the　one

hand；　it　is　insisted　that　Governor　Gamble's　unionism；　at　most；　is　not

better　than　a　secondary　spring　of　action；　that　hunkerism　and　a　wish

for　political　influence　stand　before　Unionism　with　him。　　On　the　other

hand；　it　is　urged　that　arrests；　banishments；　and　assessments　are　made

more　for　private　malice；　revenge；　and　pecuniary　interest　than　for　the

public　good。　　This　morning　I　was　told；　by　a　gentleman　who　I　have　no

doubt　believes　what　he　says；　that　in　one　case　of　assessments　for

10；000　the　different　persons　who　paid　compared　receipts；　and　found

they　had　paid　30；000。　　If　this　be　true；　the　inference　is　that　the

collecting　agents　pocketed　the　odd　20；000。　　And　true　or　not　in　the

instance；　nothing　but　the　sternest　necessity　can　justify　the　making

and　maintaining　of　a　system　so　liable　to　such　abuses。　　Doubtless　the

necessity　for　the　making　of　the　system　in　Missouri　did　exist；　and

whether　it　continues　for　the　maintenance　of　it　is　now　a　practical　and

very　important　question。　　Some　days　ago　Governor　Gamble　telegraphed

me；　asking　that　the　assessments　outside　of　St。　　Louis　County　might　be

suspended；　as　they　already　have　been　within　it；　and　this　morning　all

the　members　of　Congress　here　from　Missouri　but　one　laid　a　paper

before　me　asking　the　same　thing。　　Now；　my　belief　is　that　Governor

Gamble　is　an　honest　and　true　man；　not　less　so　than　yourself；　that　you

and　he　could　confer　together　on　this　and　other　Missouri　questions

with　great　advantage　to　the　public；　that　each　knows　something　which

the　other　does　not；　and　that　acting　together　you　could　about　double

your　stock　of　pertinent　information。　　May　I　not　hope　that　you　and　he

will　attempt　this？　　I　could　at　once　safely　do　（or　you　could　safely　do

without　me）　whatever　you　and　he　agree　upon。　　There　is　absolutely　no

reason　why　you　should　not　agree。



Yours　as　ever；



A。　LINCOLN。



P。　S。I　forgot　to　say　that　Hon。　James　S。　Rollins；　member　of　Congress

from　one　of　the　Missouri　districts；　wishes　that；　upon　his　personal

responsibility；　Rev。　　John　M。　Robinson；　of　Columbia；　Missouri；　James

L。　Matthews；　of　Boone　County；　Missouri；　and　James　L。　Stephens；　also

of　Boone　County；　Missouri；　may　be　allowed　to　return　to　their

respective　homes。　　Major　Rollins　leaves　with　me　very　strong　papers

from　the　neighbors　of　these　men；　whom　he　says　he　knows　to　be　true

men。　　He　also　says　he　has　many　constituents　who　he　thinks　are　rightly

exiled；　but　tha