phocion-第5部分

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of　the　assembly　who　should　be　the　first　to　take　his　pay；　he
distributed　amongst　these　some　trifling　sums　by　way　of　a　bait　and
provocative；　but　to　Phocion　he　made　an　offer　of　no　less　than　seven
hundred　talents　and　all　manner　of　other　advantages　he　pleased　to
demand；　with　the　compliment　that　he　would　entirely　commit　himself
and　all　his　affairs　to　his　disposal。　Phocion　answered　sharply；
Harpalus　should　repent　of　it；　if　he　did　not　quickly　leave　off
corrupting　and　debauching　the　city；　which　for　the　time　silenced　him；
and　checked　his　proceedings。　But　afterwards；　when　the　Athenians　were
deliberating　in　council　about　him；　he　found　those　that　had　received
money　from　him　to　be　his　greatest　enemies；　urging　and　aggravating
matters　against　him；　to　prevent　themselves　being　discovered；　whereas
Phocion；　who　had　never　touched　his　pay；　now；　so　far　as　the　public
interest　would　admit　of　it；　showed　some　regard　to　his　particular
security。　This　encouraged　him　once　more　to　try　his　inclinations；　and
upon　further　survey　finding　that　he　himself　was　a　fortress；
inaccessible　on　every　quarter　to　the　approaches　of　corruption；　he
professed　a　particular　friendship　to　Phocion's　son…in…law；
Charicles。　And　admitting　him　into　his　confidence　in　all　his　affairs；
and　continually　requesting　his　assistance；　he　brought　him　under　some
suspicion。　Upon　the　occasion；　for　example；　of　the　death　of
Pythonice；　who　was　Harpalus's　mistress；　for　whom　he　had　a　great
fondness；　and　had　a　child　by　her；　he　resolved　to　build　her　a　sumptuous
monument；　and　committed　the　care　of　it　to　his　friend　Charicles。　This
commission；　disreputable　enough　in　itself；　was　yet　further
disparaged　by　the　figure　the　piece　of　workmanship　made　after　it　was
finished。　It　is　yet　to　be　seen　in　the　Hermenum；　as　you　go　from
Athens　to　Eleusis；　with　nothing　in　its　appearance　answerable　to　the
sum　of　thirty　talents；　with　which　Charicles　is　said　to　have　charged
Harpalus　for　its　erection。　After　Harpalus's　own　decease；　his
daughter　was　educated　by　Phocion　and　Charicles　with　great　care。　But
when　Charicles　was　called　to　account　for　his　dealings　with　Harpalus；
and　entreated　his　father…in…law's　protection；　begging　that　he　would
appear　for　him　in　the　court；　Phocion　refused；　telling　him；　〃I　did
not　choose　you　for　my　son…in…law　for　any　but　honourable　purposes。〃
　　Asclepiades；　the　son　of　Hipparchus；　brought　the　first　tidings　of
Alexander's　death　to　Athens；　which　Demades　told　them　was　not　to　be
credited；　for　were　it　true；　the　whole　world　would　ere　this　have
stunk　with　the　dead　body。　But　Phocion；　seeing　the　people　eager　for
an　instant　revolution；　did　his　best　to　quiet　and　repress　them。　And
when　numbers　of　them　rushed　up　to　the　hustings　to　speak；　and　cried　out
that　the　news　was　true；　and　Alexander　was　dead；　〃If　he　is　dead
to…day；〃　said；　〃he　will　be　so　to…morrow　and　the　day　after　to…morrow
equally。　So　that　there　is　no　need　to　take　counsel　hastily　or　before　it
is　safe。〃
　　When　Leosthenes　now　had　embarked　the　city　in　the　Lamian　war；　greatly
against　Phocion's　wishes；　to　raise　a　laugh　against　Phocion；　he　asked
him　scoffingly；　what　the　state　had　been　benefited　by　his　having　now　so
many　years　been　general。　〃It　is　not　a　little；〃　said　Phocion；　〃that　the
citizens　have　been　buried　in　their　own　sepulchres。〃　And　when
Leosthenes　continued　to　speak　boldly　and　boastfully　in　the　assembly；
〃Young　man；〃　he　said；　〃your　speeches　are　like　cypress…trees；　stately
and　tall；　and　no　fruit　to　come　of　them。〃　When　he　was　then　attacked
by　Hyperides；　who　asked　him　when　the　time　would　come　that　he　would
advise　the　Athenians　to　make　war。　〃As　soon；〃　said　he；　〃as　I　find　the
young　men　keep　their　ranks；　the　rich　men　contribute　their　money；　and
the　orators　leave　off　robbing　the　treasury。〃　Afterwards；　when　many
admired　the　forces　raised；　and　the　preparations　for　war　that　were　made
by　Leosthenes；　they　asked　Phocion　how　he　approved　of　the　new　levies。
〃Very　well；〃　said　he；　〃for　the　short　course；　but　what　I　fear　is　the
long　race。　Since；　however　late　the　war　may　last；　the　city　has
neither　money；　ships；　nor　soldiers；　but　these。〃　The　event　justified
his　prognostics。　At　first　all　things　appeared　fair　and　promising。
Leosthenes　gained　great　reputation　by　worsting　the　Boeotians　in
battle；　and　driving　Antipater　within　the　walls　of　Lamia；　and　the
citizens　were　so　transported　with　the　first　successes；　that　they
kept　solemn　festivities　for　them；　and　offered　public　sacrifices　to　the
gods。　So　that　some；　thinking　Phocion　must　now　be　convinced　of　his
error；　asked　him　whether　he　would　not　willingly　have　been　author　of
these　successful　actions。　〃Yes；〃　said　he；　〃most　gladly；　but　also　of
the　former　counsel。〃　And　when　one　express　after　another　came　from
the　camp；　confirming　and　magnifying　the　victories；　〃When；〃　said　he；
〃will　the　end　of　them　come？〃
　　Leosthenes；　soon　after；　was　killed；　and　now　those　who　feared　lest　if
Phocion　obtained　the　command　he　would　put　an　end　to　the　war；
arranged　with　an　obscure　person　in　the　assembly；　who　should　stand　up
and　profess　himself　to　be　a　friend　and　old　confidant　of　Phocion's；　and
persuade　the　people　to　spare　him　at　this　time；　and　reserve　him　（with
whom　none　could　compare）　for　a　more　pressing　occasion；　and　now　to　give
Antiphilus　the　command　of　the　army。　This　pleased　the　generality；　but
Phocion　made　it　appear　he　was　so　far　from　having　any　friendship　with
him　of　old　standing；　that　he　had　not　so　much　as　the　least
familiarity　with　him；　〃Yet　now；　sir；〃　says　he；　〃give　me　leave　to　put
you　down　among　the　number　of　my　friends　and　well…wishers；　as　you
have　given　a　piece　of　advice　so　much　to　my　advantage。〃
　　When　the　people　were　eager　to　make　an　expedition　against　the
Boeotians；　he　at　first　opposed　it；　and　on　his　friends　telling　him
the　people　would　kill　him　for　always　running　counter　to　them；　〃That
will　be　unjust　of　them；〃　he　said；　〃if　I　give　them　honest　advice；　if
not；　it　will　be　just　of　them。〃　But　when　he　found　them　persisting　and
shouting　to　him　to　lead　them　out；　he　commanded　the　crier　to　make
proclamation；　that　all　the　Athenians　under　sixty　should　instantly
provide　themselves　with　five　days'　provision；　and　follow　him　from
the　assembly。　This　caused　a　great　tumult。　Those　in　years　were
startled；　and　clamoured　against　the　order；　he　demanded　wherein　he
injured　them；　〃For　I；〃　says　he；　〃am　now　fourscore；　and　am　ready　to
lead　you。〃　This　succeeded　in　pacifying　them　for　the　present。
　　But　when　Micion；　with　a　large　force　of　Macedonians　and
mercenaries；　began　to　pillage　the　sea…coast；　having　made　a　descent
upon　Rhamnus；　and　overrun　the　neighbouring　country；　Phocion　led　out
the　Athenians　to　attack　him。　And　when　sundry　private　persons　came；
intermeddling　with　his　dispositions；　and　telling　him　that　he　ought
to　occupy　such　or　such　a　hill；　detach　the　cavalry　in　this　or　that
direction；　engage　the　enemy　on　this　point　or　that；　〃Oh　Hercules；〃　said
he；　〃how　many　generals　have　we　here；　and　how　few　soldiers！〃
Afterwards；　having　formed　the　battle；　one　who　wished　to　show　his
bravery　advanced　out　of　his　post　before　the　rest；　but　on　the　enemy's
approaching；　lost　heart；　and　retired　back　into　his　rank。　〃Young
man；〃　said　Phocion；　〃are　you　not　ashamed　twice　in　one　day　to　desert
your　station；　first　that　on　which　I　had　placed　you；　and　secondly
that　on　which　you　had　placed　yourself？〃　However；　he　entirely　routed
the　enemy；　killing　Micion　and　many　more　on　the　spot。　The　Grecian　army；
also；　in　Thessaly；　after　Leonnatus　and　the　Macedonians　who　came　with
him　out　of　Asia　had　arrived　and　joined　Antipater；　fought　and　beat　them
in　a　battle。　Leonnatus　was　killed　in　the　fight；　Antiphilus
commanding　the　foot；　and　Menon；　the　Thessalian；　the　horse。
　　But　not　long　after；　Craterus　crossed　from　Asia　with　numerous　forces；
a　pitched　battle　was　fought　at　Cranon；　the　Greeks　were　beaten；
though　not；　indeed；　in　a　signal　defeat；　nor　with　any　great　loss　of
men。　But　what　with　their　want　of　obedience　to　their　commanders；　who
were　young　and　over…indulgent　with　them；　and　what　with　Antipater's
tampering　and　treating　with　their　separate　cities；　one　by　one；　the　end
of　it　was　that　the　army　was　dissolved；　and　the　Greeks　shamefully
surrendered　the　liberty　of　their　country。
　　Upon　the　news　of　Antipater's　now　advancing　at　once　against　Athens；
with　all　his　force；　Demosthenes　and　Hyperides　deserted　the　city；　and
Demades；　who　was　altogether　insolvent　for　any　part　of　the　fines　that
had　been　laid　upon　him　by　the　city；　for　he　had　been　condemned　no
less　than　seven　times　for　introducing　bills　contrary　to　the　laws；
and　who　had　been　disfranchised；　and　was　no　longer　competent　to　vote　in
the　assembly；　laid　hold　of　this　season　of　impunity　to　bring　in　a
bill　for　sending　ambassadors　with　plenipotentiary　power　to
Antipater；　to　treat　about　a　peace。　But　the　people　distrusted　him；
and　called　upon　Phocion　to　give　his　opinion；　as　the　person　they　only
and　entirely　confided　in。　He　told　them；　〃If　my　former　counsels　had
been　prevalent　with　you；　we　had　not　been　reduced　to　deliberate　the
question　at　all。〃　However；　the　vote　passed；　and　a　decree　was　made；　and
he　with　others　deputed　to　go　to　Antipater；　who　lay　now　encamped　in　the
Theban　territories；　but　intended　to　dislodge　immediately；　and　pass
into　Attica。　Phocion's　first　request　was；　that　he　would　make　the
treaty　without　moving　his　camp。　And　when　Craterus　declared　that　it　was
not　fair　to　ask　them　to　be　burdensome　to　the　country　of　their
friends　and　allies　by　their　stay；　when　they　might　rather　use　that　of
their　enemies　for　provisions　and　the　support　of　their　army；　Antipater；
taking　him　by　the　hand；　said；　〃We　must　grant　this　favour　to
Phocion。〃　For　the　rest　he　bade　them　return　to　their　principals；　and
acquaint　them　that　he　could　only　offer　them　the　same　terms；　namely；　to
surrender　at　discretion；　which　Leosthenes　had　offered　to　him　when　he
was　shut　up　in　Lamia。
　　When　Phocion　had　returned　to　the　city　and　acquainted　them　with
this　answer；　they　made　a　virtue　of　necessity　and　complied；　since　it
would　be　no　better。　So　Phocion　returned　to　Thebes　with　the　other
ambassadors；　and　among　the　rest　Xenocrates；　the　philosopher；　the
reputation　of　whose　virtue　and　wisdom　was　so　great　and　famous
everywhere；　that　they　conceived　there　could　not　be　any　pride；　cruelty；
or　anger　arising　in　the　heart　o