phocion-第6部分

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everywhere；　that　they　conceived　there　could　not　be　any　pride；　cruelty；
or　anger　arising　in　the　heart　of　man；　which　would　not　at　the　mere
sight　of　him　be　subdued　into　something　of　reverence　and　admiration。
But　the　result；　as　it　happened；　was　the　very　opposite；　Antipater
showed　such　a　want　of　feeling；　and　such　a　dislike　of　goodness。　He
saluted　every　one　else；　but　would　not　so　much　as　notice　Xenocrates。
Xenocrates；　they　tell　us；　observed　upon　it；　that　Antipater；　when
meditating　such　cruelty　to　Athens；　did　well　to　be　ashamed　of　seeing
him。　When　he　began　to　speak；　he　would　not　hear　him；　but　broke　in　and
rudely　interrupted　him；　until　at　last　he　was　obliged　to　be　silent。　But
when　Phocion　had　declared　the　purport　of　their　embassy；　he　replied
shortly；　that　he　would　make　peace　with　the　Athenians　on　these
conditions；　and　no　others；　that　Demosthenes　and　Hyperides　should　be
delivered　up　to　him；　that　they　should　retain　their　ancient　form　of
government；　the　franchise　being　determined　by　a　property
qualification；　that　they　should　receive　a　garrison　into　Munychia；
and　pay　a　certain　sum　of　the　cost　of　the　war。　As　things　stood；　these
terms　were　judged　tolerable　by　the　rest　of　the　ambassadors；　Xenocrates
only　said；　that　if　Antipater　considered　the　Athenians　slaves；　he　was
treating　them　fairly；　but　if　free；　severely。　Phocion　pressed　him
only　to　spare　them　the　garrison；　and　used　many　arguments　and
entreaties。　Antipater　replied；　〃Phocion；　we　are　ready　to　do　you　any
favour；　which　will　not　bring　ruin　both　on　ourselves　and　on　you。〃
Others　report　it　differently；　that　Antipater　asked　Phocion；
supposing　he　remitted　the　garrison　to　the　Athenians；　would　he；
Phocion；　stand　surety　for　the　city's　observing　the　terms　and
attempting　no　revolution？　And　when　he　hesitated；　and　did　not　at　once
reply；　Callimedon；　the　Carabus；　a　hot　partisan　and　professed　enemy
of　free　states；　cried　out；　〃And　if　he　should　talk　so　idly；
Antipater；　will　you　be　so　much　abused　as　to　believe　him　and　not
carry　out　your　own　purpose？〃　So　the　Athenians　received　the　garrison；
and　Menyllus　for　the　governor；　a　fair…dealing　man；　and　one　of
Phocion's　acquaintance。
　　But　the　proceeding　seemed　sufficiently　imperious　and　arbitrary；
indeed　rather　a　spiteful　and　insulting　ostentation　of　power；　than　that
the　possession　of　the　fortress　would　be　of　any　great　importance。　The
resentment　felt　upon　it　was　heightened　by　the　time　it　happened　in；　for
the　garrison　was　brought　in　on　the　twentieth　of　the　month　of
Boedromion。　Just　at　the　time　of　the　great　festival；　when　they　carry
forth　Iacchus　with　solemn　pomp　from　the　city　to　Eleusis；　so　that　the
solemnity　being　disturbed；　many　began　to　call　to　mind　instances；
both　ancient　and　modern；　of　divine　interventions　and　intimations。
For　in　old　time；　upon　the　occasions　of　their　happiest　successes；　the
presence　of　the　shapes　and　voices　of　the　mystic　ceremonies　had　been
vouchsafed　to　them；　striking　terror　and　amazement　into　their
enemies；　but　now；　at　the　very　season　of　their　celebration；　the　gods
themselves　stood　witnesses　of　the　saddest　oppressions　of　Greece；　the
most　holy　time　being　profaned；　and　their　greatest　jubilee　made　the
unlucky　date　of　their　most　extreme　calamity。　Not　many　years　before；
they　had　a　warning　from　the　oracle　at　Dodona；　that　they　should
carefully　guard　the　summits　of　Diana；　lest　haply　strangers　should
seize　them。　And　about　this　very　time；　when　they　dyed　the　ribbons　and
garlands　with　which　they　adorn　the　couches　and　cars　of　the　procession；
instead　of　a　purple；　they　received　only　a　faint　yellow　colour；　and
to　make　the　omen　yet　greater；　all　the　things　that　were　dyed　for　common
use；　took　the　natural　colour。　While　a　candidate　for　initiation　was
washing　a　young　pig　in　the　haven　of　Cantharus；　a　shark　seized　him；　bit
off　his　lower　parts　up　to　the　belly；　and　devoured　them；　by　which　the
god　gave　them　manifestly　to　understand；　that　having　lost　the　lower
town　and　sea…coast；　they　should　keep　only　the　upper　city。
　　Menyllus　was　sufficient　security　that　the　garrison　should　behave
itself　inoffensively。　But　those　who　were　now　excluded　from　the
franchise　by　property　amounted　to　more　than　twelve　thousand；　so　that
both　those　that　remained　in　the　city　thought　themselves　oppressed
and　shamefully　used；　and　those　who　on　this　account　left　their　homes
and　went　away　into　Thrace；　where　Antipater　offered　them　a　town　and
some　territory　to　inhabit；　regarded　themselves　only　as　a　colony　of
slaves　and　exiles。　And　when　to　this　was　added　the　deaths　of
Demosthenes　at　Calauria；　and　of　Hyperides　at　Clonae；　as　we　have
elsewhere　related；　the　citizens　began　to　think　with　regret　of　Philip
and　Alexander；　and　almost　to　wish　the　return　of　those　times。　And　as；
after　Antigonus　was　slain；　when　those　that　had　taken　him　off　were
afflicting　and　oppressing　the　people；　a　countryman　in　Phrygia；　digging
in　the　fields；　was　asked　what　he　was　doing；　〃I　am；〃　said　he；
fetching　a　deep　sigh；　〃searching　for　Antigonus；〃　so　said　many　that
remembered　those　days；　and　the　contests　they　had　with　those　kings；
whose　anger；　however　great；　was　yet　generous　and　placable；　whereas
Antipater；　with　the　counterfeit　humility　of　appearing　like　a　private
man；　in　the　meanness　of　his　dress　and　his　homely　fare；　merely　belied
his　real　love　of　that　arbitrary　power；　which　he　exercised；　as　a
cruel　master　and　despot；　to　distress　those　under　his　command。　Yet
Phocion　had　interest　with　him　to　recall　many　from　banishment　by　his
intercession；　and　prevailed　also　for　those　who　were　driven　out；　that
they　might　not；　like　others；　be　hurried　beyond　Taenarus；　and　the
mountains　of　Ceraunia；　but　remain　in　Greece；　and　plant　themselves　in
Peloponnesus；　of　which　number　was　Agnonides；　the　sycophant。　He　was
no　less　studious　to　manage　the　affairs　within　the　city　with　equity　and
moderation；　preferring　constantly　those　that　were　men　of　worth　and
good　education　to　the　magistracies；　and　recommending　the　busy　and
turbulent　talkers；　to　whom　it　was　a　mortal　blow　to　be　excluded　from
office　and　public　debating；　to　learn　to　stay　at　home；　and　be　content
to　till　their　land。　And　observing　that　Xenocrates　paid　his　alien…tax
as　a　foreigner；　he　offered　him　the　freedom　of　the　city；　which　he
refused；　saying　he　could　not　accept　a　franchise　which　he　had　been　sent
as　an　ambassador　to　deprecate。
　　Menyllus　wished　to　give　Phocion　a　considerable　present　of　money；
who；　thanking　him；　said；　neither　was　Menyllus　greater　than
Alexander；　nor　his　own　occasions　more　urgent　to　receive　it　now；　than
when　he　refused　it　from　him。　And　on　his　pressing　him　to　permit　his　son
Phocus　to　receive　it；　he　replied；　〃If　my　son　returns　to　a　right
mind；　his　patrimony　is　sufficient；　if　not；　all　supplies　will　be
insufficient。〃　But　to　Antipater　he　answered　more　sharply；　who　would
have　him　engaged　in　something　dishonourable。　〃Antipater；〃　said　he；
〃cannot　have　me　both　as　his　friend　and　his　flatterer。〃　And；　indeed；
Antipater　was　wont　to　say　he　had　two　friends　at　Athens；　Phocion　and
Demades；　the　one　would　never　suffer　him　to　gratify　him　at　all；　the
other　would　never　be　satisfied。　Phocion　might　well　think　that
poverty　a　virtue；　in　which；　after　having　so　often　been　general　of
the　Athenians；　and　admitted　to　the　friendship　of　potentates　and
princes；　he　had　now　grown　old。　Demades；　meantime；　delighted　in
lavishing　his　wealth　even　in　positive　transgressions　of　the　law。　For
there　having　been　an　order　that　no　foreigner　should　be　hired　to
dance　in　any　chorus　on　the　penalty　of　a　fine　of　one　thousand
drachmas　on　the　exhibitor；　he　had　the　vanity　to　exhibit　an　entire
chorus　of　a　hundred　foreigners；　and　paid　down　the　penalty　of　a
thousand　drachmas　a　head　upon　the　stage　itself。　Marrying　his　son
Demeas；　he　told　him　with　the　like　vanity；　〃My　son；　when　I　married　your
mother；　it　was　done　so　privately　it　was　not　known　to　the　next
neighbours；　but　kings　and　princes　give　presents　at　your　nuptials。〃
　　The　garrison　in　Munychia　continued　to　be　felt　as　a　great
grievance；　and　the　Athenians　did　not　cease　to　be　importunate　upon
Phocion；　to　prevail　with　Antipater　for　its　removal；　but　whether　he
despaired　of　effecting　it；　or　perhaps　observed　the　people　to　be　more
orderly；　and　public　matters　more　reasonably　conducted　by　the　awe
that　was　thus　created；　he　constantly　declined　the　office；　and
contented　himself　with　obtaining　from　Antipater　the　postponement　for
the　present　of　the　payment　of　the　sum　of　money　in　which　the　city　was
fined。　So　the　people；　leaving　him　off　applied　themselves　to　Demades；
who　readily　undertook　the　employment；　and　took　along　with　him　his
son　also　into　Macedonia；　and　some　superior　power；　as　it　seems；　so
ordering　it；　he　came　just　at　that　nick　of　time　when　Antipater　was
already　seized　with　his　sickness；　and　Cassander；　taking　upon　himself
the　command；　had　found　a　letter　of　Demades's；　formerly　written　by
him　to　Antigonus　in　Asia　recommending　him　to　come　and　possess
himself　of　the　empire　of　Greece　and　Macedon；　now　hanging；　he　said　（a
scoff　at　Antipater）；　〃by　an　old　and　rotten　thread。〃　So　when
Cassander　saw　him　come；　he　seized　him；　and　first　brought　out　the
son。　and　killed　him　so　close　before　his　face　that　the　blood　ran　all
over　his　clothes　and　person；　and　then；　after　bitterly　taunting　and
upbraiding　him　with　his　ingratitude　and　treachery；　despatched　him
himself。
　　Antipater　being　dead；　after　nominating　Polysperchon　general…in…chief
and　Cassander　commander　of　the　cavalry；　Cassander　at　once　set　up　for
himself；　and　immediately　despatched　Nicanor　to　Menyllus；　to　succeed
him　in　the　command　of　the　garrison；　commanding　him　to　possess
himself　of　Munychia　before　the　news　of　Antipater's　death　should　be
heard；　which　being　done；　and　some　days　after　the　Athenians　hearing　the
report　of　it；　Phocion　was　taxed　as　privy　to　it　before；　and　censured
heavily　for　dissembling　it；　out　of　friendship　for　Nicanor。　But　he
slighted　their　talk；　and　making　it　his　duty　to　visit　and　confer
continually　with　Nicanor；　he　succeeded　in　procuring　his　good…will
and　kindness　for　the　Athenians；　and　induced　him　even　to　put　himself　to
trouble　and　expense　to　seek　popularity　with　them；　by　undertaking　the
office　of　presiding　at　the　games。
　　In　the　meantime　Polysperchon；　who　was　intrusted　with　the　charge　of
the　king；　to　countermine　Cassander；　sent　a　le