early kings of norway-第22部分
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gular beatitudes; and spherical benevolences;theology of universal indulgence; and jurisprudence which will hang no rogues; mean; one and all of them; in the root; incapacity of discerning; or refusal to discern; worth and unworth in anything; and least of all in man; whereas Nature and Heaven command you; at your peril; to discern worth from unworth in everything; and most of all in man。 Your main problem is that ancient and trite one; 'Who is best man?' and the Fates forgive much;forgive the wildest; fiercest; cruelest experiments;if fairly made for the determination of that。
Theft and blood…guiltiness are not pleasing in their sight; yet the favoring powers of the spiritual and material world will confirm to you your stolen goods; and their noblest voices applaud the lifting of Your spear; and rehearse the sculpture of your shield; if only your robbing and slaying have been in fair arbitrament of that question; 'Who is best man?' But if you refuse such inquiry; and maintain every man for his neighbor's match;if you give vote to the simple and liberty to the vile; the powers of those spiritual and material worlds in due time present you inevitably with the same problem; soluble now only wrong side upwards; and your robbing and slaying must be done then to find out; 'Who is worst man?' Which; in so wide an order of merit; is; indeed; not easy; but a complete Tammany Ring; and lowest circle in the Inferno of Worst; you are sure to find; and to be governed by。〃'20'
All readers will admit that there was something naturally royal in these Haarfagr Kings。 A wildly great kind of kindred; counts in it two Heroes of a high; or almost highest; type: the first two Olafs; Tryggveson and the Saint。 And the view of them; withal; as we chance to have it; I have often thought; how essentially Homeric it was:indeed what is 〃Homer〃 himself but the _Rhapsody_ of five centuries of Greek Skalds and wandering Ballad…singers; done (i。e。 〃stitched together〃) by somebody more musical than Snorro was? Olaf Tryggveson and Olaf Saint please me quite as well in their prosaic form; offering me the truth of them as if seen in their real lineaments by some marvellous opening (through the art of Snorro) across the black strata of the ages。 Two high; almost among the highest sons of Nature; seen as they veritably were; fairly comparable or superior to god…like Achilleus; goddess…wounding Diomedes; much more to the two Atreidai; Regulators of the Peoples。
I have also thought often what a Book might be made of Snorro; did there but arise a man furnished with due literary insight; and indefatigable diligence; who; faithfully acquainting himself with the topography; the monumental relies and illustrative actualities of Norway; carefully scanning the best testimonies as to place and time which that country can still give him; carefully the best collateral records and chronologies of other countries; and who; himself possessing the highest faculty of a Poet; could; abridging; arranging; elucidating; reduce Snorro to a polished Cosmic state; unweariedly purging away his much chaotic matter! A modern 〃highest kind of Poet;〃 capable of unlimited slavish labor withal;who; I fear; is not soon to be expected in this world; or likely to find his task in the _Heimskringla_ if he did appear here。
Footnotes: _______________________________
'1' J。 G。 Dahlmann; _Geschichte von Dannemark_; 3 vols。 8vo。 Hamburg; 1840…1843。
'2' 〃Settlement;〃 dated 912; by Munch; Henault; &c。 The Saxon Chronicle says (anno 876): 〃In this year Rolf overran Normandy with his army; and he reigned fifty winters。〃
'3' Dahlmann; ii。 87。
'4' Dahlmann; ii。 93。
'5' _Laing's Snorro_; i。 344。
'6' G。 Buchanani _Opera Omnia_; i。 103; 104 (Curante Ruddimano; Edinburgi; 1715)。
'7' His Long Serpent; judged by some to be of the size of a frigate of forty…five guns (Laing)。
'8' This sermon was printed by Hearne; and is given also by Langebek in his excellent Collection; _Rerum Danicarum Scriptores Medii AEri。_ Hafniae。 1772…1834。
'9' Kennet; i。 67; Rapin; i。 119; 121 (from the _Saxon Chronicle_ both)。
'10' Knut born A。D。 988 according to Munch's calculation (ii。 126)。
'11' Snorro; Laing's Translation; ii。 p。 31 et seq。; will minutely specify。
'12' Snorro; ii。 pp。 24; 25。
'13' Snorro; ii。 pp。 156…161。
'14' Snorro; ii。 pp。 252; 253。
'15' _Saxon Chronicle_ says expressly; under A。D。 1030: 〃In this year King Olaf was slain in Norway by his own people; and was afterwards sainted。〃
'16' _Saxon Chronicle_ says: 〃1035。 In this year died King Cnut。 。。。 He departed at Shaftesbury; November 12; and they conveyed him thence to Winchester; and there buried him。〃
'17' Munch gives the date 1038 (ii。 840); Adam of Bremen 1040。
'18' Camden; Rapin; &c。 quote。
'19' _Buchanani Hist。_ i。 130。
'20' _Fors Clavigera_; Letter XIV。 Pp。 8…10。
End