history of friedrich ii of prussia v 18-第10部分

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t　where　he　fell。　A　late　Tourist　says：

〃At　first　there　was　a　monument　of　wood　＇TREE　planted；　I　will　hope＇；　which　is　now　all　gone；　round　this　Kaiser　Joseph　II。　once；　in　the　year　1776；　holding　some　review　there；　made　his　grenadier　battalions　and　artilleries　form　circle；　fronting　the　sky　all　round；　and　give　three　volleys　of　great　arms　and　small；　Kaiser　in　the　centre　doffing　hat　at　each　volley；　in　honor　of　the　hero。　Which　was　thought　a　very　pretty　thing　on　the　Kaiser's　part。　In　1824；　the　tree；　I　suppose；　being　gone　to　a　stump；　certain　subscribing　Prussian　Officers　had　it　rooted　out；　and　a　modest　Pyramid　of　red…veined　marble　built　in　its　room。　Which　latter　the　then　King　of　Prussia；　Friedrich　Wilhelm　III。；　determined　to　improve　upon；　and　so；　in　1839；　built　a　second　Pyramid　close　by；　bigger；　finer；　and　of　Prussian　iron；　this　one；　purchasing　also；　from　the　Austrian　Government；　a　rood　or　two　of　ground　for　site；　and　appointing　some　perpetual　Peculium；　or　increase　of　Pension　to　an　Austrian　Veteran　of　merit　for　taking　charge　there。　All　which；　perfectly　in　order；　is　in　its　place　at　this　day。　The　actual　Austrian　Pensioner　of　merit　is　a　loud…voiced；　hard…faced；　very　limited；　but　honest　little　fellow；　who　has　worked　a　little　polygon　ditch　and　miniature　hedge　round　the　two　Monuments；　keeps　his　own　cottage；　little　garden；　and　self；　respectably　clean；　and　leads　stoically　a　lone　life；no　company；　I　should　think；　but　the　Sterbohol　hinds；　who　probably　are　Czechs　and　cannot　speak　to　him。　He　was　once　'of　the　regiment　Hohenlohe；'　suffers　somewhat　from　cold；　in　the　winter…time；　in　those　upland　parts　（the　'cords　of　wood'　allowed　him　being　limited）；　but　complains　of　nothing　else。　Two　English　names　were　in　his　Album；　a　military　two；　and　no　more。　'EHRET　DEN　HELD　（Honor　the　Hero）！'　we　said　to　him；　at　parting。　'Don't　I？'　answered　he；　glancing　at　his　muddy　bare　legs　and　little　spade；　with　which　he　had　been　working　in　the　Polygon　Ditch　when　we　arrived。　I　could　wish　him　an　additional　'KLAFTER　HOLZ'　（cord　more　of　firewood）　now　and　then；　in　the　cold　months！

〃Sterbohol　Farmstead　has　been　new　built；　in　man's　memory；　but　is　dirty　as　ever。　Agriculture；　all　over　this　table…land　of　the　Ziscaberg；　I　should　judge　to　be　bad。　Not　so　the　prospect；　which　is　cheerfully　extensive；　picturesque　in　parts；　and　to　the　student　of　Friedrich　offers　good　commentary。　Roads；　mansions；　villages：　Prossik；　Kyge；　Podschernitz；　from　the　Heights　of　Chaber　round　to　Nussel　and　beyond：　from　any　knoll；　all　Friedrich's　Villages；　and　many　more；　lie　round　you　as　on　a　map；their　dirt　all　hidden；　nothing　wanting　to　the　landscape；　were　it　better　carpeted　with　green　（green　instead　of　russet）；　and　shaded　here　and　there　with　wood。　A　small　wild　pink；　bright…red；　and　of　the　size　of　a　star；　grows　extensively　about；　of　which　you　are　tempted　to　pluck　specimens；　as　memorial　of　a　Field　so　famous　in　War。〃　＇Tourist's　Note　（September；　1858）。＇



Chapter　III。

PRAG　CANNOT　BE　GOT　AT　ONCE。

What　Friedrich's　emotions　after　the　Battle　of　Prag　were；　we　do　not　much　know。　They　are　not　inconceivable；　if　we　read　his　situation　well；　but　in　the　way　of　speech；　there　is；　as　usual；　next　to　nothing。　Here　are　two　stray　utterances；　worth　gathering　from　a　man　so　uncommunicative　in　that　form。

FRIEDRICH　A　MONTH　BEFORE　PRAG　（From　Lockwitz；　25th　March；　to　Princess　Amelia；　at　Berlin）。〃My　dearest　Sister；　I　give　you　a　thousand　thanks　for　the　hints　you　have　got　me　from　Dr。　Eller　on　the　illness　of　our　dear　Mother。　Thrice…welcome　this；　and　reassures　me　＇alas；　not　on　good　basis！＇　against　a　misfortune　which　I　should　have　considered　very　great　for　me。

〃As　to　us　and　our　posture　of　affairs；　political　and　military；　place　yourself；　I　conjure　you；　above　every　event。　Think　of　our　Country　and　remember　that　one's　first　duty　is　to　defend　it。　If　you　learn　that　a　misfortune　happens　to　one　of　us；　ask；　'Did　he　die　fighting？'　and　if　Yes；　give　thanks　to　God。　Victory　or　else　death；　there　is　nothing　else　for　us；　one　or　the　other　we　must　have。　All　the　world　here　is　of　that　temper。　What！　you　would　everybody　sacrifice　his　life　for　the　State；　and　you　would　not　have　your　Brothers　give　the　example？　Ah；　my　dear　Sister；　at　this　crisis；　there　is　no　room　for　bargaining。　Either　at　the　summit　of　glorious　success；　or　else　abolished　altogether。　This　Campaign　now　coming　is　like　that　of　Pharsalia　for　Rome；　or　that　of　Leuctra　for　the　Greeks；〃a　Campaign　we　verily　shall　have　to　win；　or　go　to　wreck　upon！　＇　OEuvres　de　Frederic；　　xxvii。　i。　391。＇

FRIEDERICH　SHORTLY　AFTER　PRAG　（To　his　Mother；　Letter　still　extant　in　Autograph；　without　date）。〃My　Brothers　and　I　are　still　well。　The　whole　Campaign　runs　risk　of　being　lost　to　the　Austrians；　and　I　find　myself　free；　with　150；000　men。　Add　to　this；　that　we　are　masters　of　a　Kingdom　＇Bohemia　here＇；　which　is　obliged　to　furnish　us　with　troops　and　money。　The　Austrians　are　dispersed　like　straw　before　the　wind。　I　will　send　a　part　of　my　troops　to　compliment　Messieurs　the　French；　and　am　going　＇if　I　once　had　Prag！＇　to　pursue　the　Austrians　with　the　rest　of　my　Army。〃　＇Ib。　xxvi。　75。＇

Friedrich；　who　keeps　his　emotions　generally　to　himself；　does　not；　as　will　be　seen；　remain　quite　silent　to　us　throughout　this　great　Year；　but；　by　accident；　has　left　us　some　rather　impressive　gleanings　in　that　kind；and　certainly　in　no　year　could　such　accident　have　been　luckier　to　us；　this　of　1757　being；　in　several　respects；　the　greatest　of　his　Life。　From　nearly　the　topmost　heights　down　to　the　lowest　deeps；　his　fortunes　oscillated　this　year；　and　probably；　of　all　the　sons　of　Adam；　nobody's　outlooks　and　reflections　had　in　them；　successive　and　simultaneous；　more　gigantic　forms　of　fear　and　of　hope。　He　is　on　a　very　high　peak　at　this　moment；　suddenly　emerging　from　his　thick　cloud；　into　thunderous　victory　of　that　kind；　and　warning　all　Pythons　what　they　get　by　meddling　with　the　Sun…god！　Loud　enough；　far…clanging；　is　the　sound　of　the　silver　bow；　gazetteers　and　men　all　on　pause　at　such　new　Phoebus　Apollo　risen　in　his　wrath；the　Victory　at　Prag　considered　to　be　much　more　annihilative　than　it　really　was。　At　London；　Lord　Holderness　had　his　Tower…guns　in　readiness；　waiting　for　something　of　the　kind；　and　〃the　joy　of　the　people　was　frantic。〃　＇　Mitchell　Papers　and　Memoirs　　（i。　e　the　PRINTED　Selection；　2　vols。　London；　1850；which　will　be　the　oftenest　cited　by　us；　〃Papers　AND　MEMOIRS〃）；　i。　249：　〃Holderness　to　Mitchell；　20th　May；　1757。〃　Mitchell　is　now　attending　Friedrich；　his　Letter　from　Keith's　Camp；　during　the　thunder　of　〃Friday；　May　6th；〃　is　given；　ib。　i。　248。＇

Very　dominant；　our　〃Protestant　Champion〃　yonder；　on　his　Ziscaberg；　bidding　the　enormous　Pompadour…Theresa　combinations；　the　French；　Austrian；　Swedish；　Russian　populations　and　dread　sovereigns；　check　their　proud　waves；　and　hold　at　mid…flood。　It　is　thought；　had　he　in　effect；　〃annihilated〃　the　Austrian　force　at　Prag；　that　day　（Friday；　6th　May；　as　he　might　have　done　by　waiting　till　Saturday；　7th）；　he　could　then；　with　the　due　rapidity；　rapidity　being　indispensable　in　the　affair；　have　become　master　of　Prag；　which　meant　of　Bohemia　altogether；　and　have　stormed　forward；　as　his　program　bore；　into　the　heart；　of　an　Austria　still　terror…stricken；　unrallied；in　which　case；　it　is　calculated；　the　French；　the　Russians；　Swedes；　much　more　the　Reich　and　such　like；　would　all　have　drawn　bridle；　and　Austria　itself　have　condescended　to　make　Peace　with　a　Neighbor　of　such　quality；　and　consent　to　his　really　modest　desire　of　being　let　alone！　Possible；　all　this；think　Retzow　and　others。　＇See　RETZOW；　i。　100…108；　&c。　＇　But　the　King　had　not　waited　till　to…morrow；　no　persuasion　could　make　him　wait：　and　it　is　idle　speculating　on　the　small　turns　which　here；　as　everywhere；　can　produce　such　deflections　of　course。

Beyond　question；　Prag　is　not　captured；　and　may；　as　now　garrisoned；　require　a　great　deal　of　capturing：and　perhaps　it　is　but　a　PEAK；　this　high　dominancy　of　Friedrich's；　not　a　solid　table…land；　till　much　more　have　been　done！　Friedrich　has　nothing　of　the　Gascon：　but　there　may　well　be　conceivable　at　this　time　a　certain　glow　of　internal　pride；　like　that　of　Phoebus　amid　the　piled　tempests；like　that　of　the　One　Man　prevailing；　if　but　for　a　short　season；　against　the　Devil　and　All　Men：　〃I　have　made　good　my　bit；　of　resolution　so　far：　here　are　the　Austrians　beaten　at　the　set　day；　and　Prag　summoned　to　surrender；　as　per　program！〃

Intrinsically；　Prag　is　not　a　strong　City：　we　have　seen　it；　taken　in　few　days；　in　one　night；and　again；　as　in　Belleisle's　time；　we　have　seen　it　making　tough　defence　for　a　series　of　weeks。　It　depends　on　the　garrison；　what　extent　of　garrison　（the　circuit　of　it　being　so　immense）；　and　what　height　of　humor。　There　are　now　46；000　men　caged　in　it；　known　to　have　considerable　magazines；　and　Friedrich；　aware　that　it　will　cost　trouble；　bends　all　his　strength　upon　it；　and　from　his　two　camps；　Ziscaberg；　Weissenberg；　due　Bridges　uniting；　Keith　and　he　batter　it；　violently；　aiming　chiefly　at　the　Magazines　（which　are　not　all　bomb…proof）；　and　hope　they　may　succeed　before　it　is　too　late。

The　Vienna　people　are　in　the　depths　of　amazement　and　discouragement；　almost　of　terror；　had　it　not　been　for　a　few；　or　especially　for　one　high　heart　among　them。　Feldmarschall　Daun；　on　the　news　of　May　6th；　hastily　fell　back；　joined　by　the　wrecks　of　the　right　wing；　which　fled　Sazawa　way。　Brunswick…Bevern；　with　a　20；000；　is　detached　to　look　after　Daun；　finds　Daun　still　on　the　retreat；　greedily　collecting　reinforcements　from　the　homeward　quarter；　and　hanging　back；　though　now　double　or　so　of　Bevern's　strength。　Amazement　and　discouragement　are　the　general　feeling　among　Friedrich's　enemies。　Notable　to　see　how　the　whole　hostile　world　marching　in　upon　him；French；　Russians；　much　more　the　Reich；　poor　faltering　entity；pauses；　as　with　its　breath　taken　away；　at　news　of　Prag；　and；　arrested　on　the　sudden；　with　lifted　foot；　ceases　to　stride　forward；　and　merely　tramp…tramps　on　the　same　place　（nay　in　part；　in　the　Reich　part；　visibly　tramps　backward）；　for　above　a　month　ensuing！　Who　knows　whether；　practically；　any　of　them　will　come　on；　＇See　CORRESPONDANCE　DU　COMTE　DE　SAINT…GERMAIN；　an　Eye…witness；　i。　108　（cited　in　Preuss；　ii。　50）；　&c。　&c。＇　and　not　leave　Austria　by　itself　to　do　the　duel　with　Friedrich？　If　Prag　were　but　got；　and　the　46；000　well　locked　away；　it　would　be