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New　Orleans；　but　also　with　Cuba；　San　Domingo；　and　Central　and　South



America。　Germany　ought　to　be　behind　no　other　nation　in　respect　to



these　latter　lines　of　steam　navigation。　It　must　certainly　not　be



ignored　that　the　means　which　are　required　for　these　objects　will　be



too　great　for　the　spirit　of　enterprise；　and　perhaps　also　for　the



power　of　the　German　seaports；　and　it　seems　to　us　they　can　only　be



carried　into　effect　by　means　of　liberal　subsidies　on　the　part　of



the　states　of　the　Zollverein。　The　prospect　of　such　subsidies　as



well　as　of　differential　duties　in　favour　of　German　shipping；　ought



at　once　to　constitute　a　strong　motive　for　these　seaports　to　become



included　in　the　Commercial　Union。　When　one　considers　how　greatly



the　exports　of　manufactured　goods　and　the　imports　of　colonial



produce；　and　consequently　also　the　customs　revenue；　of　the　states



of　the　Zollverein　would　be　increased　by　such　a　measure；　one　cannot



doubt　that　even　a　considerable　expenditure　for　this　object　must



appear　as　only　a　reproductive　investment　of　capital　from　which　rich



returns　are　to　be　expected。



　　　　Through　the　increase　of　the　means　of　intercourse　of　Germany



with　the　above…named　countries；　the　emigration　of　Germans　to　those



countries　and　their　settlement　there　as　citizens　would　be　no　less



promoted；　and　by　that　means　the　foundation　would　be　laid　for　future



increase　of　commerce　with　them。　For　this　object　the　states　of　the



Zollverein　ought　to　establish　everywhere　consulates　and　diplomatic



agencies；　by　means　of　which　the　settlement　and　undertakings　of



German　citizens　could　be　promoted；　and　especially　to　assist　those



states　in　every　practicable　way　in　giving　stability　to　their



governments　and　improving　their　degree　of　civilisation。



　　　　We　do　not　share　in　the　least　the　opinion　of　those　who　think



that　the　tropical　countries　of　America　offer　less　advantages　to



German　colonisation　than　those　of　temperate　climate　in　North



America。　However　great；　as　we　have　openly　confessed；　is　our



attachment　for　the　last…named　country；　and　however　little　we　are



able　or　desire　to　deny　that　an　individual　German　emigrant　who



possesses　a　little　capital　has　greater　hope　of　permanently　making



his　fortune　in　Western　North　America；　we　must　nevertheless　here



express　our　opinion　that　emigration　to　Central　and　South　America；



if　it　were　well　led　and　undertaken　on　a　large　scale；　offers　in　a



national　point　of　view　much　greater　advantages　for　Germany　than



emigration　to　North　America。　What　good　is　it　if　the　emigrants　to



North　America　become　ever　so　prosperous？　In　their　personal　relation



they　are　lost　for　ever　to　the　German　nationality；　and　also　from



their　material　production　Germany　can　expect　only　unimportant



fruits。　It　is　a　pure　delusion　if　people　think　that　the　German



language　can　be　maintained　by　the　Germans　who　live　in　the　interior



of　the　United　States；　or　that　after　a　time　it　may　be　possible　to



establish　entire　German　states　there。　We　once　ourselves　entertained



this　illusion；　but　after　ten　years'　observation　in　the　country



itself；　on　the　spot；　we　have　entirely　given　it　up。　It　lies　in　the



very　spirit　of　every　nationality；　and　above　all　in　that　of　the



United　States；　to　assimilate　itself　in　language；　literature；



administration；　and　legislation；　and　it　is　good　that　that　is　so。



However　many　Germans　may　now　be　living　in　North　America；　yet



certainly　not　one　of　them　is　living　there　whose　great…grandchildren



will　not　greatly　prefer　the　English　language　to　the　German；　and



that　for　the　very　natural　reason　that　the　former　is　the　language　of



the　educated　people；　of　the　literature；　the　legislation；　the



administration；　the　courts　of　justice；　and　the　trade　and　commerce



of　the　country。　The　same　thing　can　and　will　happen　to　the　Germans



in　North　America　as　happened　to　the　Huguenots　in　Germany　and　the



French　in　Louisiana。　They　naturally　must　and　will　be　amalgamated



with　the　predominant　population：　some　a　little　sooner；　others　a



little　later；　according　as　they　dwell　more　or　less　together　with



fellow…countrymen。



　　　　Still　less　dependence　can　be　placed　on　an　active　intercourse



between　Germany　and　the　German　emigrants　to　the　west　of　North



America。　The　first　settler　is　always　compelled　by　necessity　to　make



for　himself　the　greater　part　of　his　articles　of　clothing　and



utensils；　and　these　customs；　which　originated　from　mere　necessity；



continue　for　the　most　part　to　the　second　and　third　generation。



Hence　it　is　that　North　America　itself　is　a　country　which　makes



powerful　efforts　in　manufacturing　industry；　and　will　continually



strive　more　and　more　to　gain　possession　of　her　home　market　for



manufactured　goods；　for　her　own　industry。



　　　　On　the　other　hand；　we　would　on　that　account　by　no　means



maintain　that　the　American　market　for　manufactured　goods　is　not　a



very　important　one；　and　well　worthy　of　regard；　especially　for



Germany　On　the　contrary；　we　are　of　opinion　that　for　many　articles



of　luxury　and　for　manufactured　articles　which　are　easy　of



transport；　and　in　which　the　wages　of　labour　constitute　a　chief



element　of　the　price；　that　market　is　one　of　the　most　important；　and



must　from　year　to　year；　as　respects　the　articles　above　named；



become　more　important　for　Germany。　What　we　contend　is　only　this；



that　those　Germans　who　emigrate　to　the　west　of　North　America　give



no　important　assistance　in　increasing　the　demand　for　German



manufactured　goods；　and　that　in　reference　to　that　object　emigration



to　Central　and　South　America　requires　and　deserves　very　much　more



direct　encouragement。



　　　　The　above…mentioned　countries；　including　Texas；　are　for　the



most　part　adapted　for　raising　colonial　produce。　They　can　and　will



never　make　great　progress　in　manufacturing　industry。　Here　there　is



an　entirely　new　and　rich　market　for　manufactured　goods　to　acquire；



whoever　has　here　established　firm　commercial　relations；　may　remain



in　possession　of　them　for　all　future　time。　These　countries；　without



sufficient　moral　power　of　their　own　to　raise　themselves　to　a　higher



grade　of　civilisation；　to　introduce　well…ordered　systems　of



government；　and　to　endue　them　with　stability；　will　more　and　more



come　to　the　conviction　that　they　must　be　aided　from　outside；



namely；　by　immigration。　In　these　quarters　the　English　and　French



are　hated　on　account　of　their　arrogance；　and　owing　to　jealousy　for



national　independence　　the　Germans　for　the　opposite　reasons　are



liked。　Hence　the　states　of　the　Zollverein　ought　to　devote　the



closest　attention　to　these　countries。



　　　　A　vigorous　German　consular　and　diplomatic　system　ought　to　be



established　in　these　quarters；　the　branches　of　which　should　enter



into　correspondence　with　one　another。　Young　explorers　should　be



encouraged　to　travel　through　these　countries　and　make　impartial



reports　upon　them。　Young　merchants　should　be　encouraged　to　inspect



them　　young　medical　men　to　go　and　practise　there。　Companies



should　be　founded　and　supported　by　actual　share　subscription；　and



taken　under　special　protection；　which　companies　should　be　formed　in



the　German　seaports　in　order　to　buy　large　tracts　of　land　in　those



countries　and　to　settle　them　with　German　colonists　　companies　for



commerce　and　navigation；　whose　object　should　be　to　open　new　markets



in　those　countries　for　German　manufactures　and　to　establish　lines



of　steamships　　mining　companies；　whose　object　should　be　to　devote



German　knowledge　and　industry　to　winning　the　great　mineral　wealth



of　those　countries。　In　every　possible　way　the　Zollverein　ought　to



endeavour　to　gain　the　good…will　of　the　population　and　also　of　the



governments　of　those　countries；　and　especially　to　promote　by　that



means　public　security　means　of　communication；　and　public　order；



indeed；　one　ought　not　to　hesitate；　in　case　one　could　by　that　means



put　the　governments　of　those　countries　under　obligation　to　us；　also



to　assist　them　by　sending　an　important　auxiliary　corps。



　　　　A　similar　policy　ought　to　be　followed　in　reference　to　the　East



　to　European　Turkey　and　the　Lower　Danubian　territories。　Germany



has　an　immeasurable　interest　that　security　and　order　should　be



firmly　established　in　those　countries；　and　in　no　direction　so　much



as　in　this　is　the　emigration　of　Germans　so　easy　for　individuals　to



accomplish；　or　so　advantageous　for　the　nation。　A　man　dwelling　by



the　Upper　Danube　could　transport　himself　to　Moldavia　and　Wallachia；



to　Servia；　or　also　to　the　south…western　shores　of　the　Black　Sea；



for　one…fifth　part　of　the　expenditure　of　money　and　time　which　are



requisite　for　his　emigration　to　the　shores　of　Lake　Erie。　What



attracts　him　to　the　latter　more　than　to　the　former　is；　the　greater



degree　of　liberty；　security；　and　order　which　prevails　in　the



latter。　But　under　the　existing　circumstances　of　Turkey　it　ought　not



to　be　impossible　to　the　German　states；　in　alliance　with　Austria；　to



exercise　such　an　influence　on　the　improvement　of　the　public



condition　of　those　countries；　that　the　German　colonist　should　no



longer　feel　himself　repelled　from　them；　especially　if　the



governments　themselves　would　found　companies　for　colonisation；　take



part　in　them　themselves；　and　grant　them　continually　their　special



protection。



　　　　In　the　meantime　it　is　clear　that　settlements　of　this　kind　could



only　have　a　specially　beneficial　effect　on　the　industry　of　the



states　of　the　Zollverein；　if　no　obstacles　were　placed　in　the　way　of



the　exchange　of　German　manufactured　goods　for　the　agricultural



produce　of　t